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4 Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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Removal of low molecular organic acids from aqueous solutions with reactive extraction

Szternel D., Regel-Rosocka M., Wiśniewski M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2013

Vol. 15, nr 4

5-9

This paper presents investigation on removal of low molecular organic acids (acetic, lactic, succinic and fumaric) from aqueous solutions with reactive extraction. The results specifically show that the extraction efficiency of acids depends on the type of extractant, diluents of the organic phase and the initial pH of the aqueous phase. It is possible to separate succinic or fumaric from lactic and acetic acids with high selectivity with the use of TOA and Aliquat 336, respectively. Increasing the pH of the aqueous phase results in a reduction of fumaric acid extraction efficiency with solvating extractants. This can be explained by the decreasing share of acidic form, whose extraction is favored by these extractants. Efficient extraction of both fumaric acid and fumarate using Aliquat 336 can be explained by the ionic structure of the quaternary ammonium salt, capable of transporting both forms of the acid.

Removal of phenols from aqueous solutions with solvating extractants

Regel-Rosocka M., Wiśniewski M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2010

Vol. 12, nr 3

19-23

The removal of selected phenols (phenol, 4-methoxyphenol, 4-fluorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol) from aqueous streams by liquid-liquid extraction is studied. Butylene and propylene carbonate – are used as green extractants. They permit to remove almost 100% of the examined phenols from feed solutions of phenol concentration about 20 g/dm3. Additionally, stripping of phenols from loaded organic phases is carried out with NaOH. The results of extraction parameters for alkylene carbonates (extraction efficency and distribution ratio) are compared with commercial solvating extractant – Cyanex 923.

Recovery of acetic acid from technological waste solutions

Wiśniewski M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2001

Vol. 3, nr 3

27-28

Extraction of acetic acid from acetic acid solutions of various concentrations (1 - 50 g/dm exp.3 ) with CyanexŽ 923 dissolved in toluene or in Exxsol D 220/230 (50% v/v) was studied. Cyanex® 923 can be considered as an effective extractant of organic and inorganic acids. Extraction occurs quickly and the equilibrium is achieved after 2-3 minutes of phases contact. Water can be used for the stripping of acetic acid.

Extraction of Ir(III) with Cyanex-923 and Cyanex-471X from bromide media and its separation from Pt(IV), Pd(II) and Rh(III)

Duche N. S., Dhadke M. P.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2001

Vol. 3, nr 1

21-25

Iridium(III) was extracted with Cyanex-923 and Cyanex-471X in toluene from bromide media and studied. The quantitative extraction was observed in the range of 5.0 - 6.0 M HBr with 1.0M Cyanex-923 and at 1.3 M Cyanex-471X in toluene, while metal ion was stripped out from organic phase of Cyanex-923 and Cyanex-471X with the mixture of 4.0 M HC1O4 + 2.0 M HNO3 and 6.0 M H2SO4 + 4.0 M HC1 respectively. In both the cases extraction of Ir(III) decreased with the increased concentration of stannous chloride. The thermal study showed that the extraction reactions are exothermic in nature with both the reagents, and the stoichiometric ratio of Ir(III) to Cyanex-923/Cyanex-471X in organic phase was 1:3. The separation of Ir(III) from Pt(IV), Pd(II), and Rh(III) has been also studied.