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1

Soft-bottom crustacean fauna from the Turkish coast of the Black and Marmara seas with new records

Mulayim Aysegul

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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Vol. 50, No. 1

60--76

EN

It is becoming increasingly important to monitor zoobenthic biodiversity in seas that are under industrial and anthropogenic pollution pressure, such as the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea. This study covers crustacean species in the Turkish waters of the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea, both of which are closed systems. Sampling was carried out in July–August 2019 and yielded 32 crustacean species from the Black Sea and 77 species from the Marmara Sea. In the Marmara Sea, two species [Kupellonura mediterranea and Leucon (Macrauloleucon) siphonatus] represent new records for the Turkish waters, and 12 species [Cirolana cranchii, Cumella (Cumella) pygmaea, Cyathura carinata, Cymodoce truncata, Eurydice pulchra, Gammaropsis sophiae, Harpinia truncata, Iphinoe serrata, Iphinoe trispinosa, Liocarcinus pusillus, Nebalia strausi and Synchelidium maculatum] are new to the Marmara Sea. The following species: Gammaropsis palmata, Pontocrates arenarius, and Synchelidium haplocheles are new records for the Black Sea. The order Amphipoda dominated in both seas in terms of the number of species and the number of individuals.

2

Use of rotifer trophic state indices to show the effect of hydrobionts and nutrients on water trophic status in mesocosms

Ejsmont-Karabin Jolanta, Feniova Irina, Kostrzewska-Szlakowska Iwona, Rzepecki Marek, Petrosyan Varos G., Dzialowski Andrew R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2020

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Vol. 49, No. 2

123--131

EN

We have determined how Crustacea, zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), fish and nutrients affect the trophic state in mesocosms filled with water collected from the pelagic zone of a eutrophic lake. We hypothesized that the pool of nutrients would increase both directly due to the input of phosphorus and nitrogen and/or indirectly due to the introduction of animal biomass. We used trophic state indices based on the abundance and species structure of rotifers to assess changes in the trophic state in mesocosms. The role of small detritophages in rotifer communities increased as a result of treatments. Our results clearly demonstrated that D. polymorpha was able to reduce the trophic status of mesocosm waters as indicated by reduced rotifer trophic state indices regardless of interactions with other treatment factors. Contrary to our expectations, neither the nutrients added at the beginning of the experiment nor the introduction of crustaceans or fish affected the rotifer trophic indices.

3

Navicula dermochelycola sp. nov., presumably an exclusively epizoic diatom on sea turtles Dermochelys coriacea and Lepidochelys olivacea from French Guiana

Riaux-Gobin Catherine, Witkowski Andrzej, Kociolek John Patrick, Chevallier Damien

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2020

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Vol. 49, No. 2

132--139

EN

Epizoic diatom communities were studied on four turtle species (Chelonia mydas L., Eretmochelys imbricata L., Lepidochelys olivacea Eschscholtz and Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli) from the Eastern Caribbean, the Equatorial West Atlantic and the South Pacific. In the present study, we focused on one taxon of Navicula Bory de Saint-Vincent, described here as a new taxon, which was found on seven individuals of Dermochelys coriacea and one individual of Lepidochelys olivacea in French Guiana. The new Navicula taxon was found neither on Chelonia mydas (83 specimens examined) nor Eretmochelys imbricata (13 specimens examined). Furthermore, the new taxon appears to have a restricted biogeography, as so far it has only been reported from French Guiana. A species of Navicula is reported for the first time as a supposedly exclusive epizoic taxon. Navicula dermochelycola sp. nov. is characterized in detail; its ultrastructure is described and compared with other members of Navicula.

4

Distribution of cyclopoid copepods in different subterranean habitats (southern Poland)

Kur Jarosław, Mioduchowska Monika, Kilikowska Adrianna

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2020

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Vol. 49, No. 3

255--266

EN

The majority of Polish studies on freshwater cyclopoids focused on surface water fauna. There are relatively few data on copepods of subterranean waters. Thus, in our research, copepods were collected from 37 different, mostly groundwater-dependent habitats (i.e. caves, springs, wells, interstitial and overhead environments) over a period of five years between 2005 and 2010. A total of 22 species belonging to eight genera were found. Some species, previously not recorded or known only from a few sites in Poland, proved to be a frequent component of subterranean communities.

5

Decapod crustaceans in benthic habitats of the Turkish Straits System with new records

Bakir A. K., Ateş A. S.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 4

337--344

EN

The objective of this study was to investigate decapod species occurring in the Turkish Straits System. For this purpose, benthic samples were collected from six different biotopes (photophilic algae, Cystoseira barbata, meadows, Posidonia oceanica, mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, meadows, Zostera marina, serpulid reef, and rocks) at depths ranging from 10 to 1000 m. A total of 60 species of decapod crustaceans were identified, including new records for the Turkish Straits System: Processa elegantula, P. modica, Richardina fredericii, Callianassa subterranea, Gourretia denticulata, Inachus parvirostris and Macropodia linaresi. In addition, some information about the spatial and bathymetric distribution as well as biotope preferences of the decapod community is provided.

6

The first report on Amphipoda from Marian Cove, King George Island, Antarctic

Kim J-H., Jażdżewska A., Choi H.-G., Kim W.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 1

106--113

EN

This is a first account on amphipods from Marian Cove in Maxwell Bay, near the King Sejong Station, King George Island, the Antarctic. We have conducted a survey in 14 localities in the shallow sublittoral zone. A total of 22 amphipod species belonging to 12 families were identified. Six of these species were new for the whole Maxwell Bay. Our findings increase the amphipod fauna of Maxwell Bay from 55 to 61 species. The dominant species in the shallow sublittoral zone of Marian Cove were: Cheirimedon femoratus and Gondogeneia antarctica, followed by Bovallia gigantea, Orchomenella cf. ultima, Paradexamine fissicauda, Prostebbingia brevicornis, Pariphimedia integricauda, and Jassa wandeli.

7

The suitability of zooplankton as lake ecosystem indicator; Crustacean trophic state index

Ejsmont-Karabin J., Karabin A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 3

561--573

EN

Industrial processes and the use of fertilizers are the main causes for the rapid eutrophication of lakes. Different indices, both chemical and biological, may be used to assess a level and a rate of the eutrophication process. Zooplankton indices can be among them, as zoo plankton community structure is determined primarily by the physical and chemical environment and modified by biological interactions, i.e. predation and interspecific competition for food resources. Among biological indices of trophic state of lake, those based on densities and structure of crustacean communities seem to respond weaker. There are, however, patterns of crustacean com munities connected with trophic state of lakes. Thus, an increase in trophic state causes: (1) an increase in the total numbers of crustaceans; (2) an increase in the total biomass of Cyclopoida; (3) an increase in the contribution of the biomass of Cyclopidae to the total crustacean biomass; (4) an increase in the ratio of the biomass of Cyclopoida to the biomass of Cladocera; (5) a decrease in the average body weight of Crustacea; (6) an increase in the ratio of Cladocera to Calanoida numbers; (7) an increase in the ratio of Cyclopoida to Calanoida numbers; (8) an increase in the dominance of species indicative of high trophy (Mesocyclops leuckartii, Thermocyclops oithonoides, Diaphano soma brachyurum, Chydorus sphaericus, Bosmina (Eubosmina) coregoni thersites) in the numbers of all indicative species. Crustacean zooplankton was sampled at the deepest place in a lake at 1 m intervals from the surface to the bottom of epilimnion layer, and then samples were pooled together for the layer. Samples were taken once a year, during the summer stagnation. The material was collected from a total of 41 dimictic and 33 polymictic lakes within Masurian Lake District, Iława Lake District and Lubawa Upland. Among above-mentioned indices, six were the best correlated with trophic state of lakes. Below are formulas which enable to assess trophic state of lakes regardless of their mixis type (TSICR) from parameters of abundance and structure of crustacean communities: (1) TSICR1 = 25.5 N0.142 (R2 = 0.32), where TSI = trophic state index; N = numbers (ind. 1-1); (2) TSICR2 = 57.6 B0.081 (R2 = 0.37), where B = biomass (mg w.wt. 1-1); (3) TSICR3 = 40.9 CB0.097 (R2 = 0.35), where CB = percentage of biomass of Cyclopoida in the total biomass of Crustacea (%); (4) TSICR4 = 58.3 (CY/CL)0.071 (R2 = 0.30), where CY/CL = ratio of the Cyclopoida biomass to the biomass of Cladocera (%); (5) TSICR5 = 5.08 Ln (CY/CA) + 46.6 (R2 = 0.37), where CY/CA = ratio of Cyclopoida numbers to the numbers of Calanoida; (the relationship covering exclusively dimictic lakes); (6) TSICR5 = 43.8 e0.004 (IHT) (R2 = 0.30), where IHT = percentage of species indicative of high trophy in the indicative group’s numbers. It was assumed that the lakes with a TSICR under 45 are mesotrophic, those with a TSICR value of 45–55 are meso-eutro phic, those with a TSICR value of 55–65 – eutrophic and those with a TSICR above 65 – hypertrophic. Al though crustacean indices of trophic state of lakes seem to be less useful than other biological indices, they may be recommended in assessing the quality of lake waters.

8

Diet composition of herring (Clupea harengus L.) and cod (Gadus morhua L.) in the southern Baltic Sea in 2007 and 2008

Dziaduch D.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2011

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Vol. 40, No.4

96-109

EN

cod, were studied in some regions (mainly Gdańsk and Bornholm Basins, and the Polish coast) of the southern Baltic Sea in 2007 and 2008. Herring is the dominant zooplanktivorous species in the ecosystem of the Baltic Sea, but apart from mesoplanktonic organisms it also eats macroplanktonic and benthic species in considerable amount. The diet of cod consists of fish and crustaceans from pelagic, hyperbenthic and benthic habitats. The feeding preferences of fish indirectly reflect changes in the whole food chain in the Baltic Sea. This research focuses specifically on these invertebrate species, which are eliminated from the environment by most of the ichthyofauna of this region. The aim of this research is to examine the role of invertebrate organisms belonging to Crustacea in the diet of herring and adult cod to supply updated results about feeding of these fish as little data have been collected since the 1990s. The present study is a preliminary survey and results can not be considered conclusive. The restricted numbers of analyzed stomachs of fish and selected seasons of the year addressed in this paper are a starting point for further studies with a larger scope. In this study, 20 to 90% of herring had empty stomachs. Mesozooplankton dominated the diets of small and large herring. Mysidacea, which were historically important prey for herring, are now scarce and have been replaced by planktonic Amphipoda. In the case of cod, consumption of Mysidacea has never been as low as in this study. As for other invertebrate prey, the benthic isopod Saduria and Crangon shrimp achieved the highest amount by number and weight. These results show distinct changes in diet when compared to previous investigations and require verification at a larger spatial scale.

9

Crustacean communities as food resources for fish in shallow Polesie lakes with contrasting development of submerged macrophytes

Adamczuk M., Kornijów R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2011

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Vol. 40, No.1

11-18

EN

The aim of the research was to evaluate crustacean forage resources for fish in five shallow lakes varied in respect to species richness and coverage of submerged macrophytes, and thus representing different alternative stable states. The results revealed that lakes with a high or moderate abundance of macrophytes and moderate visibility (macrophyte-dominated Lake Rotcze, phytoplankton-macrophyte dominated lakes Sumin and Głębokie) displayed reach crustacean forage base for fish. Poor feeding conditions were found in two extremely different lakes: turbid phytoplankton-dominated Lake Syczyńskie devoid of macrophytes, and heavily vegetated, clear-water macrophytedominated Lake Kleszczów. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.

10

Valve surface structure of Candona neglecta Sars, 1887 (Crustacea, Ostracoda)

Meisch C., Wouters K.

Studia Quaternaria

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2004

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Vol. 21

15-18

EN

The valves of Candona neglecta Sars, 1887, a common freshwater ostracod occurring throughout the Holarctic, were formerly described to bear tiny tubercles and spinules. It is here shown with the help of the scanning electron microscope that the valves of this species actually appear to be smooth. The tubercles and spinules described by previous authors correspond to conspicuously wide pore canals that mimic tiny surface structures when observed in the stereomicroscope. The taxonomic importance of this character is briefly discussed and a diagnosis of the neglecta-group of Candona Baird, 1845 is given. The genus name Neglecandona, which was introduced in 2001, is unavailable in the sense of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

11

Role of zooplankton (Ciliata, Rotifera and Crustacea) in phosphorus removal from cycling : lakes of the river Jorka watershed (Masurian Lakeland, Poland)

Ejsmont-Karabin J., Gorelysheva Z., Kalinowska K., Węgleńska T.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 3

275-284

EN

According to a theory of lake restoration through foot web manipulation, the removal of planktivorous fish results in the development of large cladocerans (mostly daphnids) and, consequently, in reduction of algal biomass. However, as a rule, publications devoted to different aspects of the theory completely neglected other groups of plankton invertebrates, thought they may reach very high densities. Investigations carried out in five Masurian lakes differing in trophic state and mixis showed that in most lakes the role of small cladocerans, copepods, rotifers and protozoans in the consumption of algal food and nutrient regeneration was more important than the role of large daphnids. Daphnia cucullata played more significant role (excreting 28% of the regenerated P) during "clear water phase" only in one lake - Lake Głębokie. In the remaining lakes more important was an impact of Bosmina longirostris (11-59% of the regenerated P), younger stages of cyclopoids (23%), ciliate Strobilidium humile (20%) or detritophagous rotifer Keratella cochlearis (21%). Evidenced in many papers special role of large cladocerans in clearing lake water is explained by their combined direct (by "efficient" filtering) and indirect (suppression of ciliates and rotifers through predation, interference and resource competition) impact on nutrient sedimentation or exclusion from internal cycling.

12

New fossil amphipod, Palaeogammarus polonicus sp.nov. from the Baltic amber

Jażdżewski K., Kulicka R.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2002

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Vol. 52, nr 3

379-383

EN

A new species of the amphipod crustacean, Palaeogammarus polonicus sp. nov., is established upon one specimen embedded in a piece of Eocene Baltic amber. The new species is compared with four formerly described amphipods from Baltic amber, all belonging to the genus Palaeogammarus ZADDACH, 1864 (Crangonyctidae).

13

Astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin esters in the copepod Acartia bifilosa (Copepoda, Calanoida) during ontogenetic development [commun.]

Lotocka M., Styczyńska-Jurewicz E.

Oceanologia

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2001

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No. 43 (4)

487-497

EN

The contents of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin esters were studied in natural populations of the copepod Acartia bifilosa from the Pomeranian Bay and Gulf of Gdansk in the southern Baltic Sea. Samples dominated by any one of three developmental groups: (1) nauplii, (2) copepodids I-III and (3) copepodids IV-V and adults of Acartia bifilosa were analysed by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). As ontogenetic development progressed, significant changes occurred in the proportion of particular pigments in the total pigment pool of the various developmental groups. Astaxanthin and canthaxanthin occurred in all the groups, the former being clearly dominant. However, an increasing percentage of astaxanthin esters was recorded in the copepodids I-III, and even more in the copepodids IV-V and adults group. Most probably, astaxanthin is the main pigment active in copepod lipid metabolism. Carotenoid pigments in copepods very likely act as efficient free-electron quenchers and may be involved as antioxidants in rapid lipid metabolism. The exogenously feeding stages (late nauplii and copepodids) transform plant carotenoids taken from food and are evidently capable of metabolising astaxanthin by esterification and further degradation. It is emphasised that, according to literature data, astaxanthin esters may have an even higher quenching ability. It is suggested that crustacean carotenoid pigments, with their electron donor-acceptor abilities, may replace oxygen in peroxidation processes connected with lipid metabolism. The consequences of such a physiological role of astaxanthin for present-day estimations of energy balances in zooplankton communities are mentioned.

14

Energy value of the mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii ssp. tridentatus (Crustacea, Decapoda) in relation to season, sex and size

Wiszniewska A., Rychter A., Szaniawska A.

Oceanologia

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1998

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No. 40 (3)

231-241

EN

The energy value of male and female Rhithropanopeus harrisii tridentatus of various carapace width classes was determined. Crab samples were collected in the Vistula Lagoon from April to November 1995. The population of R. harrisii tridentatus from the Vistula Lagoon was characterised by a very low energy value 7.97 [SD] plus_min.1.5 J mg-1 DW, (12.69 [SD] plus_min. 2.1 J mg-1 AFDW). The average amount of ash in this population was 37.66% of dry weight (organic matter was 62.44%). In each month (except September) the calorific value of the females exceeded that of the males; this value also varied seasonally. The calorific value of the population dropped to a minimum in August, whereas the maximum level was recorded in September.