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1
Content available Navigators’ Behavior in Traffic Separation Schemes
Pietrzykowski Z., Wołejsza P., Magaj J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2015
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Vol. 9, no. 1
121--126
EN
One of the areas of decision support in the navigational ship conduct process is a Traffic Separation Scheme. TSSs are established in areas with high traffic density, often near the shore and in port approaches. The main purpose of these schemes is to improve maritime safety by channeling vessel traffic into streams. Traffic regulations as well as ships behavior in real conditions in chosen TSSs have been analyzed in order to develop decision support algorithms.
2
Content available Game Strategies of Ship in the Collision Situations
Lisowski J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2014
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Vol. 8, no. 1
69--77
EN
The paper introduced the basic model of process of safe ship control in a collision situation using a game model with j objects, which includes non-linear state equations and non-linear, time varying constraints of the state variables as well as the quality game control index in the forms of the game integral payment and the final payment. Approximated model of the process control as the model of multi-step matrix game in the form of dual linear programming problem has been adopted here. The Game Ship Control GSC computer program has been designed in the Matlab/Simulink software in order to determine the own ship’s safe trajectory. These considerations have been illustrated with examples of a computer simulation using an GSC program for determining the safe ship's trajectory in real navigational situation. Simulation research were passed for five sets of strategies of the own ship and met ships.
3
Content available Assessing the Frequency and Material Consequences of Collisions with Vessels Lying at an Anchorage in Line with IALA iWrap MkII
Burmeister H.-C., Walther L., Jahn C., Töter S., Froese J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2014
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Vol. 8, no. 1
61--68
EN
This paper proposes a collision model for ships underway and temporary objects as an extension to state-of-the-art maritime risk assessment like IALA iWrap MkII. It gives a brief review of frequency modeling’s and consequence calculation theory as well as its applications, before it analogously derives a model to assess the risk of anchorage areas. Subsequently, its benefit is demonstrated by an example scenario.
4
Content available remote Knowledge Representation in a Ship’s Navigational Decision Support System
Pietrzykowski Z., Uriasz J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2010
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Vol. 4, no. 3
265--270
EN
Supporting the navigator in decision making processes may substantially contribute to the enhancement of the safety in sea transport. The navigational decision support system supplements the existing range of equipment and systems intended for sea-going ship conduct. One of the basic tasks of such systems is an analysis of a navigational situation and solving collision situations. A well functioning navigational decision support system should feature a decision-maker’s (navigator’s) knowledge representation. This refers to both explicit knowledge - procedural, declarative, heuristic, and tacit knowledge - empirical associations. The article presents assumptions of navigational knowledge base and its realization in the presently designed navigational decision support system.
5
Content available The Comparison of Safe Control Methods in Marine Navigation in Congested Waters
Lisowski J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2009
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Vol. 3, no. 2
163--172
EN
The paper introduces comparison of five methods of safe ship control in collision situation: multi-stage positional non-cooperative and cooperative game, multi-step matrix game, dynamic and kinematics optimisation with neural constrains of state control process. The synthesis of computer navigator decision supporting algorithms with using dual linear programming and dynamic programming methods has been presented. The considerations have been illustrated an examples of a computer simulation the algorithms to determine the safe own ship's trajectory in situation of passing a many of the ships encountered at sea.
6
Content available Behaviour Patterns in Crossing Situations
Kempa J.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2009
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Vol. 3, no. 1
75--79
EN
The January 2009 issue of the Journal of Navigation included a paper (John Wilde Crosbie 2009) entitled, “Revisiting the lessons of the early steering and sailing rules for an e-navigation age.” Following a description of the development of the COLREGS from the early 19th century, he concluded that the current steering and sailing rules should be replaced by a single rule more suited to modern conditions. This might take the form of rule stating that a vessel taking action to avoid collision should not pass ahead of the other vessel. Such a rule would require a radical change in the philosophy of collision avoidance at sea, and evidence is required that it would be both effective and acceptable by mariners. Radar simulator experiments, conducted by the author some years ago, in another context, suggest that this might be the case. An analysis of the experimental results and some conclusions are reported in this paper. The author believes that further trials, specifically designed to test the Crosbie proposals, would be desirable.
7
Content available The Analysis of Possibilities How the Collision Between m/v 'Gdynia' and m/v 'Fu Shan Hai' Could Have Been Avoided
Banachowicz A., Wolejsza P.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2008
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Vol. 2, no. 4
377--381
EN
The report presents the simulation results of collision between m/v “Gdynia” and m/v “Fu Shan Hai”. The analysis was performed by means of decision support in collision situations. This system is based on a structure of programme multiagents using AIS data (Automatic Identification System) with the possibility of cooperation between agents or vessels. The multiagent system of supporting anticollision decisions increases the reliability of navigational information and permits making right decisions, thereby increasing safety at sea.
8
Content available Planned Route Based Negotiation for Collision Avoidance Between Vessels
Hu Q., Yang C., Cheng H., Xiao B.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2008
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Vol. 2, no. 4
363--368
EN
Automatic vessel collision-avoidance systems have been studied in the fields of artificial intelligence and navigation for decades. And to facilitate automatic collision-avoidance decision-making in two-vessel-encounter situation, several expert and fuzzy expert systems have been developed. However, none of them can negotiate with each other as seafarers usually do when they intend to make a harmonious and more economic overall plan of collision avoidance in the COLREGS-COST-HIGH situations where collision avoidance following the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea(COLREGS) costs too much. A negotiation framework was put forward in our previous research to enable vessels to negotiate for optimizing collision avoidance in the COLREGS-COST-HIGH situations at open sea. In this paper, the negotiation framework is improved by considering the planned route of both vessels. The simulation results show that more economic overall plan of collision avoidance may be achieved by the improved framework when one or both parties deviate from their planed route or are approaching their next way points.
9
Content available remote Assessment of Navigational Safety in Vessel Traffic in an Open Area
Pietrzykowski Z.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2007
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Vol. 1, no. 1
85--88
EN
The assessment of a navigational situation is of major importance for safe vessel conduct as well as countermeasures and reduction of threats resulting from undesired events. These events include, among others, technical failures and human errors. To describe cause and effect relationships fault tree and event tree analyses are used. An algorithm has been presented for the determination of vessel collision probability in an open area, based on the methods mentioned.
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