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EN
The observed variability of population dynamics in influenced by many interacting components, most of them being difficult to estimate. Sampling variance, demographic and environmental stochasticity, together with density dependence and more deterministic changes in the environment such as changes in forestry practice and landscape patterns, simultaneously affect our understanding of bank vole population dynamics patterns. Integrating these difference variability components in a common framework is a considerable challenge. We explore in this paper some of the tools currently available for analysing population dynamics and demographic patterns in the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus. The study of an alpine population of bank voles is used to illustrate how demographic studies and time-series analysis may be associated in the future.
EN
The bank vole in Europe is hardly genetically differentiated, except in northern Fennoscandia, but shows large phenotypic variation. Body weight has been studied in the field and in the laboratory. Large bank voles are known in northern cyclic populations found on islands and in alpine areas. Reproductive patterns show that the length of the breeding season and the maturation processes may be more influenced by the fluctuation patterns than the length of the vegetative period. Behavioural differences are also known to occur between individuals from northern cyclic populations and individuals from southern stable populations. The relative importance of density fluctuations patterns and environmental harshness in causing geographical variation patterns is not known.
EN
Data from capture-mark-recapture study on a permanent 1,44-ha grid in the spring-autumn period from 1988 to 1995 are analysed for a population of bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus in central Italy. A total of 712 captures of bank voles was obtained for 23600 trap-nights. The cyclicity index (s) was 0,184 suggesting that the population is not cyclic. A prolonged reproductive period was recorded for the population. Correlation between home range and body weight, as a possible indication of dominance and territoriality, was analysed. Trappability, sex ratio, body weight,recruitment and survival are also discussed
4
Content available remote Dispersal in the bank vole
EN
The objective of this chapter is to review progress made in the studies of dispersal in the genus Clethrionomys, and particularly in C. glareolus. This is presented in a comparative context to Microtus voles. From reviewed data the following is evident: (1) Habitats of Clethrionomys voles range from relatively homogeneous in the north-eastern landscapes dominated by forest to mosaic ones in the central and western Europe. (2) Dispersal was studied on different spatial scales; for each spatial scale specific techniques were used. New methods employing mtDNA markers proved especially useful for studies in very small and large spatial scales. (3) Natal dispersal, studied usually in small enclosed population, was found to be malebiased as in Microtus voles; a possible effect of population confinement on the obtained results is discussed. (4) Breeding dispersal of adult voles, after recent reexamination of evidence, seems to be less common and less adaptive than previously reported. (5) As future directions of vole dispersal studies spatial-temporal dynamics and landscape ecology are indicated.
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