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History of development and terrestrialization of Lake Starowlany in the Eemian Interglacial on the basis of Cladocera analysis (Sokółka Hills, NE Poland)

Niska M., Kołodziej A.

Studia Quaternaria

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2015

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Vol. 32, Nr 1

43--52

EN

This paper presents development of the paleolake Starowlany existing in the Eemian Interglacial (MIS 5e) in north-eastern Poland. The lake history is based on Cladocera analysis. The paleolake Starowlany is located in the central part of the Sokółka Hills, approximately 9 km north of the town of Sokółka in the North Podlasie Lowland. The sediments studied filled a southern part of a tunnel valley formed during the Warta Glaciation. The coring was carried out with a geological drilling and constituted a part of the framework aimed at preparing the Sokółka sheet for the Detailed Geological Map of Poland in scale 1:50 000. The core was 7 m long. Peaty silt, peats and organic silt were present at the depth of 4.0–6.6 m, under deluvial sands, tills and silt. Organic series was overlain by a clayey silt with no glacial cover. Cladocera analysis was conducted with 20 samples from a depth interval 6.6–4.1 m. Remains of 17 species of Cladocera were found, representing the families: Chydoridae, Sididae and Bosminidae. A vast majority of them were the littoral species. In the paleolake Starowlany four development zones were distinguished that reflected changes as regards temperature, trophic levels and changes of water level in the lake. The paleolake existed from the early until the middle Eemian. The highest water level and the most favorable conditions for zooplankton development occurred in zones SCZ I and II. The highest trophic level took place in SCZ III (middle Eemian). In the late Eemian the water level dropped and the paleolake was transformed into a wetland. At certain points, the higher water level enabled existence of a few Cladocera species. The reasons for disappearance of the paleolake Starowlany included a local decrease in groundwater levels as well as morphometric and geological characteristics of the lake.

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Development of the Kubłowo palaeolake, central Poland, during the Eemian Interglacial as against subfossil Cladocera analysis - preliminary results

Niska M., Roman M.

Studia Quaternaria

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2014

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Vol. 31, Nr 1

31--38

EN

The results of analysis of Cladocera occurrence in lacustrine sediments from the Kubłowo site have been presented. Lacustrine and peat deposits found there have been previously analyzed for pollen content (depth of 11.1-3.8 m) and represent a longest continuous Eemian-Vistulian succession in central Poland (Roman and Balwierz, 2010). Cladocera analysis was carried out on 25 samples from the depth of 9.20-10.5 m of an Eemian age section. The section consists of fine organic sand, silt with organic matter and gyttja. Identified were 19 species of subfossil Cladocera and five zones of fauna development were distinguished. In the early and mid-Eemian low frequency zooplankton in the palaeolake has been found. Best conditions for zooplankton development occurred in the late Eemian (R PAZ E6, E7). At the end of the Eemian a significant change of climate in a deterioration of environmental conditions and decreased presence of zooplankton has been noted. Cladocera results and the pollen data enable a reconstruction of the climatic and environmental changes in the Kubłowo palaeolake.

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Fossil Cladocera remains in the Eemian sediments - preservation, frequency and dominant species

Niska M.

Studia Quaternaria

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2012

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Vol. 29

31--43

EN

This paper presents the results of fossil Cladocera analysis using material obtained from seven palaeolakes of the Eemian interglacial located in Poland. The main aim of this study was to investigate the state of preservation and diversity of species in the Eemian Cladocera. The studied Eemian lakes were formed at the end of the Wartanian Glaciation in tunnel and kettle holes. They had preserved a continuous record of environmental changes throughout the Eemian interglacial, until the Vistulian Glaciation. Cladocera fossils found in Eemian sediments were thinner and had a more damaged structure than fossils from the Holocene. Low degree of fossil preservation forced to develop an alternative method for preparation of the fossils for the microscopic analysis. Cladocera species found in the examined palaeolakes corresponded to the present-day species inhabiting Poland and Central and Northern Europe. The changes in species composition resulting from climate changes corresponded to the current geographic distribution of Cladocera. Despite the poor condition of the obtained fossil remains, the results showed that cladoceran fossils in sedtments of palaeolakes may be used in the reconstruction of environmental conditions from the period preceding the last glaciation.

4

Ewolucja środowiska w rynnie jeziora Jasień w obrazie palinologicznym i zmian fauny Cladocera

Miotk-Szpiganowicz G., Niska M.

Landform Analysis

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2008

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Vol. 7

102--112

PL

Na obszarze rynny jeziora Jasień zlokalizowano cztery stanowiska, dla których wykonano analizę palinologiczną i analizę szczątków Cladocera. Celem badań było odtworzenie przemian środowiska przyrodniczego na tym terenie. Rdzenie, z których pobrano próby do analiz, składały się głównie z osadów typu gytia i torf. Próbki do analiz wykonywano według standardowych procedur. Do obróbki danych liczbowych wykorzystywano program POLPAL. Otrzymane wyniki palinologiczne umożliwiły odtworzenie historii roślinności badanego terenu począwszy od okresu borealnego, a analiza szczątków Cladocera dostarczyła informacji o fazach rozwoju części zbiornika jeziornego Obrowo Duże.

EN

In order to reconstruct the environmental history of the Jasień Lake trough, pollen analysis and an analysis of Cladocera remains have been simultaneously carried out. Sediments for pollen research have been collected in the bay section of the Jasień Lake and in the Obrowo Małe peat bog. Cladocera remains have been sampled in two sites within a peat bog adjacent to the Obrowe Duże Lake. Preparation of samples for both analyses followed standard procedures. Numerical data have been elaborated using the POLPAL software. The results of the palynological study have allowed to decipher vegetation history since the Boreal period. The peat bog of Obrowo Małe began to form at the onset of the Atlantic period. Cladocera remains yielded information about phases of water body evolution in the part of the Obrowo Duże Lake, which subject to silting transformed into a low-level valley bog, and then into a transitional peat bog. Pollen and Cladocera analyses have been carried out on material collected at dissimilar sites, which practically excludes the possibility of correlation of results and allowed one only to reconstruct the major hydrological changes, common for the entire region. In the latest Holocene, in the Jasień Lake trough a trend towards water level decrease is observed due to both climatic and human impact. Further changes included the rise of trophic level in the lake and vegetation succession onto the shallower parts of the lake.

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Cladoceran fauna from the archeological site vladar in Czech Republic

Novakova K.

Studia Quaternaria

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2005

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Vol. 22

51-54

EN

The study described in this paper is a part of a multi-proxy project, which deals with sediments originating from a former artificial water reservoir situated at the large fortified hilltop site of Vladao. The oldest sediments were deposited around 350 BC and sedimentation continues till recent times. Number of palaeoecological analyses have been applied (pollen, macroremains, charcoal, wood, Cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, Cladocera, chemical elements, radiocarbon dating, archaeological artefact). The present contribution deals with analysis of chitinous fragments of Cladocera found within the trench. The results of this study clearly suggest a connection between the influence of human activity on the hilltop and the trophic status of the water in the cistern. Some phases of increased water eutrophication were distinguished on the basis of Cladocera species preferring nutrient rich water (Chydorus sphaericus, Bosmina longirostris).