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Współczesne kamieniołomy i dawne wyrobiska piaskowców godulskich na Śląsku Cieszyńskim

Białas Z.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

2018

nr 4

3--13

Artykuł przedstawia historię oraz aktualny stan istniejących i dawnych kamieniołomów piaskowców godulskich w Brennej, Ustroniu i Wiśle na tle charakterystyki geologicznej warstw godulskich (jednostka śląska, kreda). W zarysie kreśli też kierunki wykorzystania piaskowców i możliwości współczesnego zagospodarowania dawnych kamieniołomów.

In the 20th century, until approx. 1980, the Cieszyn area was the largest stone field in the Silesian Beskids. This is where sandstone used in the construction industry, in road construction (among others in Ustroń and Wisła) and in stone masonry (Brenna) was mined. The Godula layers (upper Cretaceous) provided abundant material, particularly sandstone. Sandstone mined from the lower Godula layers was used in road construction, whereas sandstone from the middle layers - in the construction industry, particularly in stone masonry, and sandstone from the upper layers - in local construction projects. After a time of prosperity, the number of active open-pit stone mines decresed. Currently, sandstone is mined in Wisła Obłaziec and in Brenna only. From among 14 sandstone deposits documented for the Cieszyn region, only seven are actually mined: in Wisła-Obłaziec, in the “Gahura” quarry, and in Brenna, in the “Beskid”, “Cisowa”, “Cisowa 1”, “Głębiec”, “Kormany” and “Tokarzówka” quarries. Long-decommissioned Godule sandstone quarries are located in Ustroń, Brenna and Wisła. The majority of them was naturally “reclaimed” by the natural world. Their small ledges were completely overgrown, and their initial shape was obliterated. Larger pits are still recognizable, although they are now overgrown with large trees. They are however often hidden deep in the woods, entirely forgotten. Yet, the former open pits could become a geo-tourist attraction of the region, and a part of them, such as the: “Czantoria”, “Szwarc” and “Równica” pits in Ustroń, or “Kończakówka”, “Jatny” and “Jarząbek” pits in Brenna, and “Jonidło” - in Wisła, deserve to be protected by establishing a documentation site. They are important for conserving the geo-diversity and cultural heritage of the region.