Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Wybrane taksony glonów wykorzystywane w produkcji biopaliw

Noga Teresa

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

|

2023

|

T. 27, cz. 2

43--54

PL

Koncepcja wykorzystania glonów jako surowca do produkcji biopaliw w ostatnich latach zyskuje na popularności w związku z rosnącymi cenami ropy naftowej, szybko malejącymi naturalnymi zasobami ropy, a także problemami z globalnym ociepleniem (spowodowanym spalaniem paliw kopalnych). Glony zawierają 20-70% lipidów i wykazują znaczny potencjał w uprawach jako organizmy energetyczne. Z glonów wytwarzane są różne biopaliwa, m.in.: biodiesel, bioetanol, biobutanol, metan i biogaz. Głównymi czynnikami wpływającymi na wzrost glonów są: dostępność i intensywność światła, temperatura, stężenie składników odżywczych i dostępność CO 2 . Hodowlę mikroglonów prowadzi się w systemach otwartych (stawach) lub zamkniętych (fotobioreaktorach), makroglony natomiast uprawiane są w strefie przybrzeżnej mórz lub w podobnych zbiornikach wodnych. Wśród mikroglonów taksonami produkującymi znacznie ilości oleju są m.in. Botryococcus braunii i Chlorella vulgaris, natomiast makroglonem powszechnie uprawianym i wykorzystywanym do produkcji biopaliw jest m.in. Macrocystis pyrifera.

EN

The concept of using algae as a raw material for biofuel production has been gaining popularity in recent years due to the surging cost of crude oil, the rapidly declining natural resources of oil, and issues related to global warming (caused by the burning of fossil fuels). Algae, characterized by lipid contents ranging from 20 to 70%, exhibit considerable potential as energy crops in cultivation. Various biofuels are produced from algae, including biodiesel, bioethanol, biobutanol, methane, and biogas. The main factors influencing algae growth are the availability and intensity of light, temperature, nutrient concentration, and CO 2 availability. Microalgae are grown in open systems (ponds) or closed systems (photobioreactors). Macroalgae, on the other hand, are cultivated in coastal zones of seas or similar aquatic reservoirs. Among microalgae, Botryococcus braunii and Chlorella vulgaris are taxa that produce significant amounts of oil, while the macroalgae commonly cultivated and used for biofuel production is Macrocystis pyrifera.

2

Mikroglony najczęściej wykorzystywane w przemyśle rolno-spożywczym

Noga Teresa, Kochman-Kędziora Natalia

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

|

2023

|

T. 27, cz. 1

23--35

PL

Spirulina i chlorella należą do mikroglonów (mikroskopijnych organizmów fotosyntetyzujących) najczęściej uprawianych w akwakulturach i wykorzystywanych w przemyśle rolno-spożywczym. Obydwa glony charakteryzują się wysoką zawartością białka (do 60% chlorella i do 70% spirulina), ponadto zawierają w składzie także kwasy tłuszczowe, witaminy, minerały i barwniki. Z tego względu, a także w związku z panującą obecnie modą na zdrowe odżywianie, produkty zawierające w swym składzie spirulinę, chlorellę lub ich ekstrakty są w ostatnich latach coraz bardziej popularne. Te mikroglony są powszechnie wykorzystywane jako dodatki do pasz dla różnych gatunków zwierząt hodowlanych oraz w karmach dla ryb, natomiast ich ekstrakty są stosowane m.in. jako nawozy w rolnictwie ekologicznym i biostymulatory.

EN

Spirulina and chlorella are among the microalgae most commonly cultivated in aquaculture as well as used in the agriculture and food industry. Both algae are characterized by a high protein content (up to 60% chlorella and up to 70% spirulina), and also contain fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and dyes. For this reason, and in connection with the current trend for healthy eating, products containing spirulina, chlorella or their extracts have become increasingly popular in recent years. These microalgae are commonly used as feed additives for various species of farm animals and in fish feeds, while their extracts are used e.g. as fertilizers in organic farming and biostimulators.

3

Cultivation of Chlorella sp. for biodiesel production using two farming wastewaters in eastern Colombia

Urbina-Suarez Nestor Andres, Barajas-Solano Andres Fernando, Garcia-Martinez Janet Bibiana, Lopez-Barrera German Luciano, Gonzalez-Delgado Angel Darío

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2021

|

no. 50

141--149

EN

The production of biofuels using wastewater as a microalgae culture medium is a little explored technology, but with potential for success. In order to contribute to the knowledge of these technologies and their technical feasibility for microalgae growth, in this work the Chlorella sp. strain was cultivated in two types of effluents generated in an experimental farm located in eastern Colombia, before and after a biological treatment process. The consumption of the main nutrients that regulate growth and lipid production was evaluated, in order to extract, quantify, characterize and convert them into biodiesel. The results showed that Chlorella sp. growth and lipid production is more favourable in R2 medium of treated water than in R1 medium of raw water, mainly due to phosphorus limitation and higher N-NO3 concentration in R2 compared to R1. In the R2 medium culture, a percentage of 42.54% of long-chain fatty acids was found, which is necessary to obtain a high quality biodiesel. Finally, the best transesterification experiment allowed reaching a fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) percentage of 90.1 ± 2.7%. In general, the results demonstrated the potential viability of using the wastewater generated in the San Pablo farm to produce biomass with lipid content to obtain biodiesel, finding that where the concentration of nutrients, mainly nitrogen, has a great influence on the microalgal metabolism for lipid accumulation.

4

Effect of Fuel Combustion Products on Carbon Dioxide Uptake Dynamics of Chlorophyll Synthesizing Microalgae

Dyachok Vasyl Volodymyrovych, Mandryk Solomiya, Katysheva Victiria, Huhlych Serhiy

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 20, nr 6

18--24

EN

The research on the effect of sulfur oxides (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NxOy) and phosphorus oxides (P2O5) on carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake dynamics of chlorophyll synthesizing microalgae was conducted. The analytic dependences of microalgae growth rates under their CO2 uptake, SO2, NxOy and P2O5 concentrations were obtained. Mathematical models enabling to predict the maximum values of SO2, NxOy and P2O5 oxides concentrations without inhibiting the CO2 uptake dynamics of chlorophyll synthesizing microalgae were built based on the obtained experimental research results.

5

Upper Vistula River : response of aquatic communities to pollution and impoundment. 7, Bioassay studies of water trophic state with Chlorella pyrenoidosa growth test

Bednarz T.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2002

|

Vol. 50, nr 2

191-200

EN

In the Upper Vistula River course three sections were distinguished: first, at 11 km of the river course, with low trophic level of water (mean yearly yield <30% of Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick. control cultures), second, up to 66.2 km of the river course, with the moderate trophic level (between 30-50% yield of control), third below 115.6 km of the river course, with the high trophic level (between 50-80% of control yield). The highest water trophic level (80% of control cultures yield) was evidenced at 115.6 km of the river course, due to the input of industrial and municipal sewage. The yield of Chlorella cultures was highly significantly postively correlated with the content of organic matter, electrolytic conductivity, P-PO4, N (as N-NH4 + N-NO3), S-SO4, Ca and Mg concentration in the water. In case of Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, Zn no correlation was found.