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Hydrodynamic and Erosive Behavior of Vertisols in the Wadi Sra Catchment (Central Rif, Morocco) – Analysis of the Rainfall Simulation Results

El-Ommal Mouhssine, Tribak Abdellatif

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 5

66--77

EN

The objective of this work was to analyze the hydrodynamic and erosive behavior of soils in the wadi Sra catchment (Central Rif, Morocco) using a mini ramp rain simulator on micro-plots of 1 m2. The plots were selected on vertisols with a slope (between 17 and 33%), considering four types of land use: cannabis cultivation, cereal cultivation, fallow land and abandoned land, with the aim of comparing and determining the effects of the land use types on infiltrability and sediment production. The simulation tests were carried out during each season, due to the variability of cultivation practices, surface conditions and prior soil moisture from one season to another. Before each simulation, the surface condition of the concerned plots was checked; it is a question of raising the rate of closed or open surfaces and covered or bare surfaces according to the quadrat points method. Laboratory tests allowed identifying the physico-chemical properties of the soil, the initial humidity, the bulk density and the porosity. The results obtained show that the final infiltration is characterized by a significant variation, between (8.32 mm/h and 70.40 mm/h). Low values concern abandoned and fallow land and very high values are recorded on plowed land (cannabis and cereal cultivation). In addition, solid transport recorded significant spatio-temporal variations, between (5.15 and 157 g/l); the maximum average values are recorded in the cannabis cultivation plots, followed by abandoned land, then fallow land and cereal cultivation land.

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Estimation of Groundwater Recharge Using APLIS Method – Case Study of Bokoya Massif (Central Rif, Morocco)

Errahmouni Ali, El Messari Jamal Eddine Stitou, Taher Morad

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 4

57--66

EN

Considering the low annual precipitation of AL-Hoceima province, the groundwater resources, especially in Bokoya, are one of the most critical water resources. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the amount of groundwater recharge into the Bokoya massif. For this purpose, the APLIS method is used in a geographical information environment for mapping the spatial distribution of groundwater recharge rates by combining five parameters: altitude, slope, lithology, infiltration, and soil. This study revealed that the recharge rate ranges between 9 and 76%, and the high rates (61–79%) are the most represented in the study area; this means that the region needs good groundwater management.

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Impact of Anthropic Activities on the Quality of Groundwater in the Central Rif (North Morocco)

Benyoussef Said, Arabi Mourad, El Ouarghi Hossain, Ghalit Mohammad, Azirar Maryam, El Midaoui Adil, Ait Boughrous Ali

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 6

69--78

EN

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of human anthropic activities on the physicochemical and biological properties as well as the quantity of the groundwater in the central Rif of Morocco. Series of analyses were carried out on the water resources of this area. The interpretation of analytical data and the distribution of groundwater into groups were treated using multivariate statistical methods including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Ascending Hierarchical Classification (CHA). The results of the present study showed strong mineralization of the investigated area waters. This study also indicated the impact of anthropogenic activities and their influences on the quality of groundwater in the central Rif, with the presence of total coliforms, fecal Escherichia coli type, and fecal streptococci intestinal enterococcal type, suggesting that the contamination of this groundwater was induced by human pollution. In addition, the infiltration of groundwater by wastewater from septic tanks, the use of wastewater for irrigation purposes, the increased use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture, and irregular rainfall in the region constitute the main factors of anthropogenic contamination of groundwater in the study area.