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Middle Miocene (Badenian) brachiopods from the Borač area (Carpathian Foredeep, Moravia, Czech Republic)

Bitner Maria Aleksandra, Hladilová Šárka, Šamánek Jaroslav, Turek Tomáš

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2024

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Vol. 94, No. 2

175--186

EN

Four brachiopod species, i.e., Terebratula cf. styriaca Dreger, Terebratulina retusa (Linnaeus), Megathiris detruncata (Gmelin) and Megerlia truncata (Linnaeus), have been recognised in the Middle Miocene (lower Badenian) deposits at the localities Borač and Borač-Podolí, Carpathian Foredeep, Moravia, Czech Republic. The species M. truncata predominates in the assemblage studied, while M. detruncata is very rare, found only at the locality Borač. Terebratula cf. styriaca and Terebratulina retusa are reported for the first time from the Moravian part of the Carpathian Foredeep. Two types of trace fossils have been observed on the brachiopod shells: drill holes penetrating the shell (ichnogenus Oichnus Bromley) and etching scars, produced by a brachiopod pedicle (ichnogenus Podichnus Bromley and Surlyk).

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Gastropods [Trochoidea: Trochidae Rafinesque, 1815 and Calliostomatidae Thiele, 1924 (1847)] from the middle Miocene of Ukraine, Central Paratethys

Nosowska Ewa

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2020

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Vol. 70, no. 4

453--528

EN

Over three thousand specimens representing the superfamily Trochoidea Rafinesque, 1815 [Trochidae Rafinesque, 1815 and Calliostomatidae Thiele, 1924 (1847)] from the upper Upper Badenian = Kosovian = lower Serra vallian (middle Miocene) marine deposits of Ukraine, housed in the collections of the Polish Academy of Sciences Museum of the Earth in Warsaw (MZ), are studied herein. The abundant material has allowed for investigations of the intraspecific variation and revision of earlier determinations. As a result, 21 species belonging to 5 genera have been identified, described and illustrated, of which one is new [Clanculus (Clanculopsis) krachi sp. nov.] and one is left in open nomenclature. Granulifera O. Anistratenko, 2000 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Clanculopsis Monterosato, 1879; Granulifera pulla O. Anistratenko, 2000 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Monodonta tuberculata Eichwald, 1830; Gibbula sytovae Amitrov, 1961 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Trochus miocaenicus Mayer, 1853; Gibbula volhynica Friedberg, 1928 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Trochus novemcinctus von Buch, 1830; and Trochus buchii du Bois de Montpéreux, 1831 is suppressed in favour of the senior subjective synonym Trochus puschii Andrzejowski, 1830. The geographic distribution and stratigraphic ranges of the taxa are given. Six species are known only from the Polish-Ukrainian part of the Fore-Carpathian Basin. The protoconch features are systematically studied in the Trochidae and Calliostomatidae from this area for the first time.

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Timing of Langhian bioevents in the Carpathian Foredeep and northern Pannonian Basin in relation to oceanographic, tectonic and climatic processes

Holcová K., Doláková N., Nehyba S., Vacek F.

Geological Quarterly

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2018

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Vol. 62, No. 1

3--17

EN

The succession of bioevents in planktonic foraminifer and calcareous nannoplankton communities is reviewed and summarized for the Carpathian Foredeep and northern Pannonian Basin in the time interval between ~16 and 13.5 Ma. This succession can be subdivided into three principal intervals: (1) an interval with rare Praeorbulina sicana and P. glomerosa. It was characterized by a limited immigration of index taxa linked to the lack of a warm surface water layer in the Central Paratethys. This interval can be correlated with the first Badenian transgression near the Burdigalian/Langhian boundary. The rare occurrence of biostratigraphical markers does not allow its precise dating and interregional correlation; (2) a brief interval of the first occurrences of Praeorbulina circularis, Orbulina suturalis and Helicosphaera waltrans. This can be related to the formation of a warm surface water layer suitable for the survival of orbulinas and praeorbulinas and a change from estuarine to anti-estuarine circulation. This interval can be correlated with the second Badenian transgression, which, however, was not isochronous over the area as inferred from different successions of these first occurrences; (3) a limited appearance of new index taxa in the Central Paratethys prior to the Wielician Salinity Crisis. This time interval was characterized by increased seasonality and salinity oscillations followed by climate cooling. A “reverse” migration of the stress-tolerant species Helicosphaera walbersdorfensis from the Central Paratethys to the Mediterranean is suggested. Several local bioevents with limited stratigraphic correlation potential have been recognized in this interval.

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The earliest Badenian Planostegina bloom deposit : reflection of an unusual environment in the westernmost Carpathian Foredeep (Czech Republic)

Kopecká J., Holcová K., Nehyba S., Hladilová Š., Brzobohatý R., Bitner M. A.

Geological Quarterly

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2018

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Vol. 62, No. 1

18--37

EN

The Miocene sedimentation history of the Brus denudation relict (the western part of the Carpathian Foredeep, Czech Republic) has been inferred from 20 m of silt/siltstones, sand/sandstones and limestones penetrated by the Brus-1 borehole. Detailed multiproxy lithofacies and biofacies analyses have allowed facies and palaeoenvironment interpretations. The presence of molluscs, brachiopods and fish fauna, as well as large benthic and epiphytic foraminifera indicates a generally shallow, subtropical, marine environment. Despite the scarcity of biostratigraphical markers, the section can be correlated with the lowermost Badenian (~15-16 Ma). In the siltstones in the lower part of the borehole, there are abundant low-salinity foraminifera, which may indicate increased rainfall. Linked to this is the nutrient enrichment of the sea bottom water inferred from the presence of the high-nutrient taxa accompanied by abundant calcareous nannoplankton eutrophic taxa such as Coccolithus pelagicus and eutrophic planktonic foraminifera of the Globigerina bulloides/praebulloides group. The main Planostegina bloom was recorded in a sandstone in the interval 12.5-7 m, and was not influenced by a shift from high-organic content Valvulineria assemblage of small foraminifera to an epiphytic one. The boundary between siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentation (-7.5 m) shows a drop in K and Th concentrations, and in the Th/U ratio, but a rise in the Th/K ratio. This change in radioactive element content may generally indicate a significant decrease in terrestrial sediment input which is further supported by the onset of limestone deposition. Reversal of the deposition regime and a decrease of clastic input into the basin may be related to the changing of the precipitation regime, probably triggered by orbitally-forced cyclicity.

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A new look at the bivalve Anomia ephippium Linnæus, 1758 from the Miocene of the Central Paratethys: anexample from the Nowy Sącz Basin in Poland

Studencka B.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2018

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Vol. 68, no. 4

635--650

EN

For the first time, articulated shells of Anomia ephippium Linnæus, 1758, the bivalve species widely distributed in the Egerian–Late Badenian (latest early Oligocene to late middle Miocene) in the Central Paratethys, are described and illustrated. The most astonishing fact is the presence of a heavily calcified byssus that anchored the animal to hard substrates, which is still preserved inside the byssal notch. The investigated material derives from the Badenian (middle Miocene) Niskowa Formation in the Nowy Sącz Basin, a small intramontane basin situated in the Polish Outer Carpathians. Apart from articulated shells and left valves, the collected material contains some dozen of calcified byssi fixed to rigid substrate, SEM images of which are presented. Examination of the A. ephippium specimens stored in the Polish Academy of Sciences, Museum of the Earth in Warsaw revealed other Paratethyan records of anomiid calcified byssi attached to other specimens of A. ephippium. Finally, the paper provides an overview of the previous studies on the representatives of the genus Anomia Linnæus, 1758 from the Central Paratethys and its specific assignment.

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Palaeoecology and sedimentology of the Miocene marine and terrestrial deposits in the “Medieval Quarry” on Devínska Kobyla Hill (Vienna Basin)

Pivko D., Hudáčková N., Hrabovský J., Sládek I., Ruman A.

Geological Quarterly

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 3

549--568

EN

Dramatic tectonic and sea level changes of the Central Paratethys realm during the Middle Miocene resulted in changes of the coastal and seabed morphology affecting the composition of the marine association and the distribution of the facies along the coast. Three different episodes (marine-terrestrial-marine) in the environmental evolution are interpreted. A lower marine unit (Badenian; Lower Serravallian) reflects organodetrital sedimentation on and around an algal bioherm. Low terrigenous input maërl facies of typical rhodalgal carbonate factory type characterise the top of the algal mound. On the slopes, a rim of rhodechfor facies separated the bioherm from the rest of the bottom which had a seagrass cover. This high-energy rhodechfor carbonate factory is described from the Central Paratethys realm for the first time. It is composed mostly of coralline algae (Mesophyllum, Lithothamnion, Spongites and Lithophyllum), benthic foraminifers (Elphidium crispum, Neoconorbina terquemi, Miniacina sp., Borelis melo), echinoids (cidaroid, spatangoid and diadematoid groups) and bryozoans. Uplift of the Malé Karpaty Mts. resulted in tectonic activity in the vicinity, documented by the presence of clastic dikes and normal faults in the profile studied. Subsequent fluvial and terrestrial sedimentation is represented by regolith, palaeosoil and channel body deposits set discordantly on the top of lagoonal deposits. Finally, the third episode is represented by the Sarmatian transgressive marine sequence, which is characterized by coarse pebbly deposit eroded from an uplifted pre-Neogene basement. The strata studied originated in a warm temperate climate around the Badenian–Sarmatian transition.

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Palaeoenvironmental changes in the Transylvanian Basin during the Early Miocene revealed by the foraminifera assemblages

Székely S. F., Beldean C., Bindiu R., Filipescu S., Săsăran E.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 1

167--180

EN

The evolution of the Transylvanian Basin during the Early Miocene has been restored from the succession of palaeoenvironments inferred from the sedimentological trend and succession of specific foraminifera assemblages from Lower Miocene Tihău section in northwestern Transylvanian Basin. Planktonic foraminifera suggest a Burdigalian age and recorded sea-level changes, climatic and productivity events. Benthic foraminifera offered valuable data on the palaeoenvironmental evolution, with a large-scale progradational (coarsening up) sedimentary succession influenced by regional tectonics. The succession of depositional events include: i) transgressive coarse grained deposits with typical mediterranean assemblages of bivalves in beach environments; ii) the glauconitic facies which can be associated to the maximum flooding surface of the transgression; iii) the sedimentation continued on a narrow shelf influenced by deltas during the highstand; iv) influence of regional tectonics and subsequent filling with turbidites associated to fan deltas.

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Zmiany środowiskowe poprzedzające sedymentację gipsów badeńskich i na początku ich depozycji w rejonie Rzeki Wschodniej (północna część zbiornika przedkarpackiego)

Peryt D., Peryt T. M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2015

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nr 461

133--151

PL

Skład i zmiany zespołów otwornic pochodzących z najwyższej części utworów podewaporatowych w otworze wiertniczym Busko (Młyny) PIG-1 (głęb. 188–192 m), zlokalizowanym w północnej części zbiornika przedkarpackiego (Paratetyda Środkowa), wskazują, że zbiornik, w którym powstawały osady margliste, był słabo wentylowany, z dużym deficytem tlenowym w wodach przydennych oraz ze środowiskiem eutroficznym w wodach powierzchniowych. Zbiornik ten, o głębokości 50–70 m, wypełniały wody chłodne o zasoleniu typowym dla zbiornika morskiego. Obserwowane w najwyższej części profilu prawie całkowite wyeliminowanie otwornic Uvigerina i zajęcie na krótko zwolnionej niszy przez Fursenkoina acuta (zespół D4c) oraz zdominowanie składu najmłodszego zespołu (D4d) przez tolerującą podwyższone zasolenie Bulimina elongata może jednak wskazywać na znaczne podwyższenie zasolenia w trakcie depozycji najwyższej części utworów poprzedzających depozycję gipsów. Profil gipsów badeńskich w badanym otworze wiertniczym w porównaniu z bardziej brzeżną strefą platformy gipsowej cechuje się redukcją dolnej, autochtonicznej części gipsów oraz specyficznym wykształceniem najniższej jednostki gipsów. W matriksie ilastym występują tam gruzły gipsu bardzo przypominające małe, chaotycznie ułożone blokowe zrosty krystaliczne, określane jako facja szkieletowa gipsów szklicowych, związana w niecce Nidy oraz na Morawach z obniżeniami dna. Wykształcenie profilu gipsów wskazuje na głębsze środowisko sedymentacji niż to stwierdzono w rejonie niecki Nidy.

EN

Composition and changes in foraminiferal assemblages recorded in the uppermost part of the sub-evaporite deposits of the Busko (Młyny) PIG-1 borehole (depth 188–192 m) in the northernmost part of the Fore-Carpathian Basin (Central Paratethys) indicate that the basin, in which marly deposits have originated, was poorly ventilated with a great oxygen deficit in the bottom waters, and was characterised by mainly eutrophic conditions in surface waters. The basin was 50–70 m deep. The waters were cool and of normal seawater salinity, although the recorded (in the uppermost part of the section) almost complete disappearance of Uvigerina foraminifers, occupation (for a short time) of the vacant niche by Fursenkoina acuta (assemblage D4c), and the dominance of Bulimina elongata (tolerant to increased salinity) in the youngest assemblage (D4d) may indicate a considerable increase of seawater salinity during the deposition of the uppermost part of the sub-evaporite strata. The gypsum section is characterised, when compared to the more marginal gypsum sections of the Nida Trough, by a reduction of the lower, autochthonous part of the gypsum section and a specific development of the lowermost gypsum unit. It contains gypsum nodules resembling small, chaotically arranged gypsum intergrowths in the clayey matrix. Such facies is regarded as the skeletal facies of the giant gypsum intergrowth facies of the Nida Trough and Moravia, and is related to depositional lows at the beginning of the gypsum deposition. The gypsum sequence in this borehole indicates a deeper sedimentary environment than inferred for the Nida Trough.

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Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from the Middle Miocene sandy facies of Ukraine, Central Paratethys

Studencka B., Dulai A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2010

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Vol. 60, no. 2

257-274

EN

The Late Badenian (=early Serravallian of the Mediterranean) chitons of Ukraine, housed in the Museum of the Earth PAS, Warsaw, are described systematically. Eight species are identified: Leptochiton cancellatus (Sowerby, 1840), Lepidopleurus cajetanus (Poli, 1791), Ischnochiton rissoi (Payraudeau, 1826), Chiton corallinus (Risso, 1826), Chiton olivaceus Spengler, 1797, Lepidochitona lepida (Reuss, 1860), Acanthochitona faluniensis (Rochebrune, 1883) and Craspedochiton profascicularis (Boettger, 1906). Most of the material comes from Varovtsi, in the Khmelnytskyi region. The predominant faunal element is Acanthochitona faluniensis, comprising 55% of all investigated valves.

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Quantitative calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphy of the Oligocene/Miocene boundary interval in the northern part of the Buda Basin (Central Paratethys)

Holcová K.

Geological Quarterly

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2005

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Vol. 49, No. 3

263--274

EN

Relative abundances of seventeen calcareous nannoplankton species were analysed from around the Oligocene/Miocene boundary interval (NP 25-NN 2 Zones) in the northern part of the Buda Basin (Central Paratethys). A succession of four bioevents can be observed in all sections: FAD of Helicosphaera carteri, FAD of Reticulofenestra cf. pseudoumbilica, and FADs of Discoaster druggii and Helicosphaera scissura, FAD of Helicosphaera ampliaperta. The ligocene/Miocene boundary lies between the FAD of Reticulofenestra cf. pseudoumbilica and FADs of Discoaster druggii and Helicosphaera scissura; events known to approximate it are not recognized.

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Forainiferal biostratigraphy of the Egerian flysch sediments in the Silesian Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Polish part of the Bieszczady Mountains

Bąk K.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2005

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Vol. 75, No. 1

71--93

EN

Planktonic and benthic Foraminifera have been studied from the youngest deposits of the Krosno beds in the inner part of the Silesian Nappe (Outer Carpathians) in the Bieszczady Mountains. The studied part of the Krosno beds consists of Egerian (upper Oligocene–lower Miocene) flysch sediments, deposited within the Outer Carpathian Basin, a part of the Central Paratethys. Two interval zones: Tenuitella munda Zone and Globigeri- nelloides primordius Zone have been distinguished basing on the succession of planktonic Foraminifera. Additionally, Paragloborotalia inaequiconica Interval Subzone has been defined within the first one. Occurrence of calcareous nannoplankton, dinocyst assemblages and isochronous horizons of coccolith limestones (the Jasło Limestone and Zagórz Limestone) enabled correlation of the planktonic foraminiferal zones with chronostrati- graphy. The boundary between the two distinguished zones corresponds to the base of NN1 nannoplankton Zone (defined by the occurrence of Helicosphaera scissura) equivalent to the Oligocene/Miocene boundary. The base of the P. inaequiconica Subzone corresponds to the position of the Zagórz Limestone, refferred to NP 24 Zone (early Egerian). The benthic foraminiferal assemblages are dominated by bathyal, calcareous, hyaline, smooth-walled taxa, indicative of anoxic environment. The benthic assemblages remained relatively stable throughout the late Oligocene and were more diversified during the earliest Miocene, most probably in response to the oxygenation of bottom waters, due to the opening of new connections between the Central Paratethys and the Mediterranean region.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono zespoły otwornic egeru z najmłodszych utworów jednostki śląskiej w bieszczadzkiej części Karpat Zewnętrznych. Otwornice planktoniczne były podstawą do wydzielenia poziomów biostratygraficznych, których granice zostały porównane z danymi opartymi o wapienny nanoplankton (Garecka; w: Haczewski et al., A, B, oddane do druku) i dinocysty (Gedl; w: Haczewski et al., A, oddane do druku), a także odniesieniu ich do pozycji stratygraficznej dwóch chrohoryzontów - wapienia jasielskiego i wapienia z Zagórza. Praca niniejsza jest kontynuacją badań na tym obszarze (Bąk, 1999) i stanowi ich podsumowanie. Płaszczowina śląska jest na obszarze Bieszczadów zbudowana wyłącznie z warstw krośnieńskich (Fig. 1, 2) o miąższości ok. 3,5 km, w tym z ponad 1,3 km miąższości serią zawierającą gruboławicowe, grzbietotwórcze piaskowce otryckie. Ich obecność w warstwach krośnieńskich była podstawą do wyróżnienia w tej części jednostki śląskiej tzw. strefy bieszczadzkiej (lub strefy Otryt - Bitla), której długość wynosi ok. 150 km, a szerokość 15-20 km. W przekroju Bieszczadów strefa ta zbudowana jest z kilku łusek i fałdów, wśród których synklina Dźwiniacza Górnego zawiera bardzo miąższe i najmłodsze serie utworów fliszowych. Dotychczasowe prace stratygraficzne na tym obszarze (Haczewski et al., A, B oddane do druku) wskazywały na oligoceński wiek całej serii warstw krośnieńskich, w tym również warstw najmłodszych. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono rezultaty opróbowania najmłodszej serii warstw krośnieńskich, tzw. warstw nadotryckich (oddział górny warstw krośnieńskich), które występują powyżej serii z piaskowcami otryckimi. Warstwy nadotryckie (maks. miąższość ok. 1050 m) tworzy seria silnie wapnistych, szarych i ciemnoszarych łupków marglistych, o charakterystycznej grubej (“mydlastej”) oddzielności, przeławicających się z wapnistymi, cienkoławicowymi, laminowanymi mułowcami i piaskowcami. Lokalnie wśród tej serii występują grube ławice piaskowców średnioziarnistych, bezstrukturalnych oraz pojedyncze, czarne serie z wirowcami (o miąższości 1-2 m). W najwyższej części warstw nadotryckich występuje jeden lub kilka soczewkowatych pakietów piaskowców średnioziarnistych, gruboławicowych, z laminacją równoległą, przekątną i konwolutną, o sumarycznej miąższości ok. 30 m. W niższej części warstw nadotryckich wykartowano ponadto 2 ważne dla stratygrafii horyzonty wapieni kokolitowych, tzw. wapień jasielski i wapień z Zagórza. W obrębie badanych utworów zostały one znalezione w obu skrzydłach synkliny Dźwiniacza Górnego. Wapienie te, znane z wielu miejsc w Karpatach Zewnętrznych są poziomami korelacyjnymi (Jucha, 1958; 1969, Koszarski & Żytko, 1959, 1961; Jucha & Kotlarczyk, 1961; Haczewski, 1984, 1989), a w niniejszej pracy są one ważnym elementem stratygrafii. Analizy mikropaleontologiczne wykorzystano na próbach pobranych z kilku profili w obrębie wspomnianej synkliny, tj.: w profilu Dźwiniacza Górnego (Fig. 3A, 4), w 2 profilach wokół Kiczery Dydiowskiej (Fig. 3B, 5) i w profilu Czereszni (Fig. 3C i 6). Ponadto wykorzystano dane z profilu Sanu w rejonie Dźwiniacza Górnego, będące wcześniej przedmiotem osobnej publikacji (Bąk, 1999). Zespoły otwornic opisano z kilku serii warstw nadotryckich, których granice stanowią horyzonty wapieni kokolitowych oraz wydzielono dodatkowo najwyższą część warstw nadotryckich, którą charakteryzuje odmienny zespół taksonów.

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Pararotalia aculeata (d.Orbigny, 1846) ze środkowego miocenu Paratetydy Centralnej

Szczechura J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 1

76-79

EN

The foraminifers belonging to the genus Pararotalia Le Calvez from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys are referred to different species, eg. Pararotalia (or Rotalia) stellata (Łuczkowska, 1955; Śmigielska, 1957; Urbaniak, 1974; Szczechura, & Pisera 1986) and P. ex gr. lithothamnica (Oszczypko et al., 1992) from Poland, P. stellata from Slovakia (Holcová et al., 1996), Rotalia calcar from Hungary (Korecz-Laky & Nagy-Gellai, 1985) and Pararotalia aculeata, P. cf. aculeata as well as P. spinimargo from Romania (Popescu, 1979). It is suggested here, that all of them represent one species, ie. Pararotalia aculeata (d’Orbigny, 1846). The large infraspecific variability of this species (Pl.1, figs. 1–19), resulting in its taxonomic spliting, seems to be a consequence of ontogenetic changes, ecological modifications as well as different state of preservation. The systematic relation between P. aculeata and other so far known representatives of Pararotalia, especially those from the Neogene of theMediterranean areas, should be based on large comparative material, however P. padana Mancin, Pirini et Lanfrancini, 2000, from Pliocene of Italy, seems to be conspecific with the here discussed species.