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Geochemical relationships in CO2-rich therapeutic waters of the Sudetes (Poland)

Dobrzyński Dariusz, Stępień Marcin, Szostakiewicz-Hołownia Marzena, Humnicki Włodzimierz

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 4

479--493

EN

Geochemical studies of CO2-rich therapeutic waters in the Sudetes have provided new data on a wide range of trace elements, going beyond standard chemical analyses of such waters. A consistent set of physicochemical data obtained using the same analytical methods was subjected to statistical analyses, including hierarchical clustering, factor analysis and nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Tau Kendall), to reveal geochemical relationships between physicochemical and chemical parameters in the waters, and their relationships with the aquifer lithology. Distinct differences in the composition of waters found in crystalline rocks (mainly gneisses and mica schists) and sedimentary rocks were identified. The wide range of elements can be associated with the hydrolysis of silicate minerals, including alkali and alkali earth metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be) and (mostly) transition elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Co, W, Mg). Carbonate equilibria are the next important factor as it determines the aggressiveness of the water towards the minerals of aquifer rocks and affects the concentrations of numerous solutes. The probable common origin of chlorides, bromides and sulphates together with Li, Na, Sr may be related to the relict saline component of deep circulating waters, a hypothesis that requires further investigations.

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Medicinal CO2-rich water deposits in the Polish part of the Sudetes

Liber-Makowska Elzbieta, Kielczawa Barbara

Mining Science

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2021

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Vol. 28

247--261

EN

The article presents characteristics of medicinal CO2-rich water deposits occurring in different hydrogeological units of the Sudetes. The conditions of deposit formation in different and lithologically diverse rock media lead to the occurrence of waters varying in TDS (0.03–6.7 g/L) and CO2 content (0.2–3.5 g/L) in a relatively small area of the Polish Sudetes. There are also CO2-rich water intakes with various total discharges in particular deposits: from 5216 m3/year in Czerniawa-Zdroj to 250871 m3/year in Duszniki-Zdroj. Particular attention has been paid to quantitative and qualitative parameters of Duszniki-Zdroj and Szczawno-Zdroj deposits. In Szczawno-Zdroj, the exploited intakes are springs with discharges in the range of 0.006–0.225 m3/h, and in Duszniki-Zdroj – boreholes with discharges ranging from 4.2 to 18.0 m3/h. The article presents the results of a statistical analysis of CO2 content and intake discharge. Hydrogeochemical analyses have been performed with the use of AquaChem 2014.2 software.

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Występowanie i reżim źródeł szczaw i wód kwasowęglowych w zlewni górnej Muszynki

Buczyński S., Modelska M., Wcisło M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 1

23--31

EN

CO2-reach springs are the natural treasure of the Polish Carpathians, including the research region (ca. 11.5 km2) of the Muszynka River basin, located in the areas of Tylicz-Spa and Krynica-Spa with developed mineral water industry. Previous investigations suggest that springs arepar- tially vanishing or their hydrochemical and hydrodynamic regime is disturbed. To clear this problem, the authors analyzed periodical or stationary measurements made in the course of documenting, water producer operation, and own observations within a period of good data availability (1973-2014) for CO2-rich springs. The springs investigated in the Tylicz region are characterized by a variable and strongly time-dependent CO2 content (rangingfrom 352 mg/dm3 to 3 g/dm3). The discharge is relatively low and rarely exceeds 0.05 dm3/s. The research results show disappearance of two springs (T-10 and T-15) within the period of interest. Massive floods (in 1997, 1998, 2002-2004, 2010) are indicated as the probable main reason. In another three springs (T-13, T-14, T-17) the CO2 content dropped below 250 mg/dm3. The stationary measurements of two springs (Zdrój Główny and Bradowiec in Tylicz) allow concluding about poor correlation between investigated parameters (temperature, pH, CO2 content, electrical conductivity) and apparent influence ofmeteorological agents. Potential anthropogenic agents (borehole discharge, digging works) probably do not influence the CO2-rich spring regime or it has not been detected yet.