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1
Content available Surface roughness prediction and roughness reliability evaluation of CNC milling based on surface topography simulation
Zhang Ziling, Lv Xiaodong, Qi Baobao, Qi Yin, Zhang Milu, Tao Zhiqiang
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
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2024
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Vol. 26, no. 2
art. no. 183558
EN
Surface roughness is influenced by various factors with uncertainty characteristic, and roughness reliability can be used for the assessment of the surface quality of CNC milling. The paper develops a method for the assessment of surface quality by considering the coupling effect and uncertainty characteristicsof various factors. According to the milling kinematics theory, the milling surface topography simulation is conducted by discretizing the cutting edge, machining time, and workpiece. Considering thecoupling effect of various factors, a roughness prediction model isestablished by the SSA-LSSVM, and its prediction accuracy reachesmore than 95%. Then, the roughness reliability model isdevelopedby applying the response surface methodology to achieve the assessment of surface quality. The proposed method is verified by the milling experiments. The maximum values of the relative errors between the simulation and experimental results of the surfaceroughness and roughness reliability are 9% and 1.5% respectively, indicating the correctness of the method proposed in the paper.
2
Content available remote Stages of designing and making a pressing tool for gutter corner halves with a complicated shape. The milling methods
Sdzuj Sebastian, Winchula Łukasz
Mechanik
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2019
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R. 92, nr 10
646--648
EN
Design features were described, applied in order to adapt complicated parts of a pressing tool to the capabilities of a 3-axis vertical machining center. The design and selection of base surfaces making possible precise positioning in the milling machine and in the tool are discussed.
PL
Opisano zastosowane podczas realizacji projektu zabiegi konstrukcyjne mające na celu dostosowanie skomplikowanych elementów oprzyrządowania do możliwości trzyosiowego pionowego centrum obróbkowego. Wyjaśniono sposób projektowania i doboru powierzchni bazujących umożliwiających precyzyjne pozycjonowanie elementów w obrabiarce i przyrządzie.
3
Content available The digitisation for the immediate dental implantation of incisors with immediate individual prosthetic restoration
Dobrzański L. B., Achtelik-Franczak A., Dobrzańska J., Dobrzański L. A.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
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2019
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Vol. 97, nr 2
57--68
EN
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present the author's method of planning the procedure of immediate implant-prosthetic restoration in place of a tooth qualified for removal by performing a surgical template and implant-prosthetic restoration based on data obtained in the CBCT test and intraoral scanning 3D model. Design/methodology/approach: The method of planning the implant surgery through the design and manufacture of surgical templates and implant prostheses performed before the start of medical procedures was described on the basis of actual clinical data from patients with anterior segment teeth qualified for extraction for reasons of complications after endodontic treatment. The placement of the implant was planned using virtual reality, where the bone model and the virtual soft tissue model were combined, which made it possible to perform a surgical template and prosthetic implant restoration. For the manufacturing, 3D printing as stereolithography SLA and selective laser sintering SLS for the surgical template manufacturing and CNC milling in the case of the prosthetic implant were used for restoration. Findings: The method allows planning the implant position based on two connected bone and soft tissue models and allows to design and manufacture a surgical guide. In this way, it becomes possible to place implants in the patient's bone during surgery procedure in the planned position and to install the prosthetic implant restoration in the form of an individual abutment and a PMMA crown during the same procedure in the surgical part. Practical implications: Thanks to the method of computer-aided design/manufacturing CAD/CAM production of surgical templates and prosthetic restoration based only on digital models and the planned position of the implant, it is possible to carry out the procedure of immediate tooth extraction and replacement with permanent prosthetic restoration. The whole process is based on the CBCT test performed at the beginning. The presented method allows shortening the procedure time by four times and the rehabilitation time by 3-6 months when performing the procedure in a minimally invasive manner. Originality/value: This article presents the original design and production method of surgical guides. It allows for precise planning of the implant position and transfer of this data to the patient's mouth during the procedure, enabling permanent prosthetic restoration before starting medical procedures.
4
Content available Decomposition of cutting forces in quasi-orthogonal CNC milling
Kopecky Zdenek, Hlaskova Ludka, Rousek Miroslav
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
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2019
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No. 105
12--19
EN
Decomposition of cutting forces in quasi-orthogonal CNC milling. The paper is focused on the analysis of cutting forces in milling of MDF boards on the CNC machine called SCM Tech 99 L. The Kistler 9257 B is top-of-the-line dynamometer with DynoWare software used to measure power and analyse data. The forces were examined and analysed using quasi-orthogonal milling with a single-edged blade. The resulting force values were compared with each other depending on the conventional and climb milling of the edge of the MDF board at various feed speeds.
PL
Rozkład sił skrawających w quasi-prostopadłym frezowaniu CNC. W pracy przeanalizowano siły skrawania podczas frezowania płyt MDF na obrabiarce CNC SCM Tech 99 L. Do pomiaru mocy i analizy danych wykorzystano dynamometr Kistler 9257 B z oprogramowaniem DynoWare. Pomiaru sił dokonano w trakcie quasi-prostopadłego frezowania przy wykorzystaniu pojedynczego ostrza. Uzyskane wartości sił porównano ze sobą w zależności sposobu skarawania płyty MDF (przeciwbieżne i współbieżne) przy różnych prędkościach posuwu.
5
Content available remote The wear curves of nitrogen-implanted WC-Co indexable knives during particleboard milling
Wilkowski J., Wachowicz J., Barlak M., Werner Z., Böttger R.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
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2018
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No. 104
395--399
EN
The paper presents the wear curves of WC-Co indexable knives during particleboard milling. The knives were previously nitrogen implanted to a dose of 1e17 cm-2 , at two different ion energies - 5 and 500 keV. The WC-Co composites with small WC grains (up to 0.5 μm) and low cobalt content (up to 2.5%) were used. These materials exhibit high hardness and, at the same time, low fracture toughness. Particleboard were milled using a CNC machining center. Longer tools life was obtained for blades implanted with energy of 500 keV. The catastrophic blunting (large chipping of the cutting edge) was more common for blades implanted at 5 keV ion energy.
6
Content available remote Experimental Verification of Tooth Contact of Spiral Bevel Gear Machined on 4-Axis CNC Milling Center
Błazucki P., Skawiński P.
Machine Dynamics Research
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2015
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Vol. 39, No. 3
119-125
EN
Paper discusses methods of verification and altering of tooth contact pattern using CAD models of bevel gears. Also construction and testing of experimental tooth contact pattern testing equipment for 4-axis CNC milling machine is being presented in reference to proposed methods.
7
Content available remote Frezowanie CNC - informacja nie tylko dla ucznia
Świat Obrabiarek i Narzędzi
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2014
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R. 9, nr 1-2
23
8
Chropowatość powierzchni obrobionych głowicą frezową na frezarce CNC
Miko E., Nowakowski Ł.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Nauki Techniczne
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2006
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Z. 1 [Terotechnologia 2006]
89-96
PL
Proces powstawania chropowatości powierzchni jest złożony i wpływa na niego wiele czynników. Na podstawie analizy literatury stwierdzono, że stosowane obecnie zależności matematyczne służące do wyznaczenia chropowatości powierzchni frezowanych są niedokładne i wymagają uzupełnień. Z tych względów opracowano matematyczny model konstytuowania się chropowatości powierzchni frezowanych czołowo ostrzami o zaokrąglonym narożu. Model ten uwzględnia w sposób ilościowy wpływ odwzorowania ostrzy, drgania narzędzia względem przedmiotu obrabianego, resztkową część warstwy skrawanej, bicie ostrzy oraz ich zużycie. Chropowatość powierzchni w tym modelu jest reprezentowana przez parametr Ra. Przeprowadzone badania symulacyjne tego modelu pozwoliły na opracowanie nomogramów użytkowych służących do prognozowania i sterowania chropowatością Ra powierzchni frezowanych czołowo. Przeprowadzono również badania laboratoryjne frezowania czołowego głowicą frezową z ostrzami o zaokrąglonym narożu.
EN
The process of surface roughness formation is complex and dependent on numerous factors. The analysis of the latest reports on the subject shows that mathematical relationships used for determining surface irregularities after turning and milling re not complete or accurate enough and, therefore, need to be corrected. A new generalized mathematical model of roughness formation was develop for surfaces shaped with round-nose tools. The model provides us with a quantitative analysis of the effects of the tool representation, undeformed chip thickness, tool vibrations in relation to the workpiece, tool run-out (for multicutter tools) and, indirectly, also tool wear. This model can be roughness is prepare separate models for most of the typical machining operations. Surface roughness is represented here by parameter Ra. Simulations carried out for this model helped to develop nomograms which can used for predicting and controlling the roughness Ra of surfaces Sculptured by face milling.
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