Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Integrated Access and Backhaul based 5G Connectivity for Rural Indian Sectors : Ending the Digital Divide

Biswas Ardhendu Shekhar, Sil Sanjib, Bera Rabindranath, Mitra Monojit

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2021

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Vol. 67, No. 4

655--663

EN

The world is heading towards deployment of 5G commercially by the year 2020. But providing broadband 5G connectivity to remote rural regions is a significant challenge. Fiber connectivity has attempted to penetrate rural regions but last mile connectivity is still a problem in many rural sectors due to improper land demarcation and hostile terrain. A scheme which is based on the Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) concept is proposed to provide last mile 5G connectivity to satisfy the broadband needs of rural subscribers. A wireless 5G downlink environment following 3GPP NR specifications with a significantly high throughput is simulated. The last mile link is provided through a 28GHz carrier from a proposed IAB node delivering a data throughput of 4.301 Gbps for single-user carrier aggregation and 5.733 Gbps for multi-user carrier aggregation which is quite promising for broadband service, like high-speed Internet and streaming video. The results presented in this work are observed to agree favourably with the results of other researchers in the field.

2

Zero net energy public library for the San Benito County in Hollister, CA

Kaczmarek Andrzej, Kirschke Paweł

Architectus

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2021

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Nr 1 (65)

99--109

EN

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the use of elements of sustainable design in public buildings in the context of contemporary architectural design solutions and zero-energy standards for newly designed buildings in California, USA. The paper presents a detailed overview of the main task of the "Architecture at Zero 2020" international architectural competition, organised by the American Institute of Architects California – a design of the San Benito County Public Library in Hollister, CA. The paper also features a detailed analysis of the competition's outcome, with a specific focus on Andrzej Kaczmarek's design, which was given the merit award in the competition’s student projects category. The competition resulted in the presentation of the library's design alternatives, each suited to contextspecific environmental and climate determinants and optimised in terms of energy. Andrzej Kaczmarek's design met these requirements, as demonstrated via calculations performed using eQuest 3–64 software. The design was recognised not only because of its optimised energy balance, but also the excellence with which it satisfied the needs of local citizens and how it reflected a thorough understanding of the site's placebased character. The library was successfully blended in with its historical context via its simple form that was partially embedded underground. The building was designed to feature an array of advanced engineering solutions intended to secure it against earthquakes and optimise its heat balance, including kinetic façades and retractable glazed roof elements, photovoltaic panels, wind turbines and Pavegen floor surfaces.

PL

Celem artykułu było ukazanie sposobów wykorzystania elementów projektowania zrównoważonego we współczesnych budynkach użyteczności publicznej, w kontekście architektonicznych rozwiązań projektowych i standardów zeroenergetycznych przewidzianych dla nowo projektowanych budynków w Kalifornii. Przedmiotem szczegółowych prac był projekt biblioteki publicznej hrabstwa San Benito w Hollister w Kalifornii, stanowiący zadanie w międzynarodowym konkursie architektonicznym „Architecture at Zero 2020”, organizowanym przez American Institute of Architect California. W artykule przeanalizowano wyniki tego konkursu, a w szczególności projekt autorstwa Andrzeja Kaczmarka, który zdobył równorzędną nagrodę w kategorii prac studenckich. Efektem konkursu było uzyskanie alternatywnych rozwiązań biblioteki dopasowanych do uwarunkowań środowiska naturalnego i klimatu, a przede wszystkim zoptymalizowanych pod względem energetycznym. Projekt Andrzeja Kaczmarka spełnił jego wymagania, co wykazano, przeprowadzając obliczenia za pomocą programu eQuest 364. Projekt ten został nagrodzony nie tylko za zoptymalizowanie bilansu energetycznego, ale również za znakomite spełnienie potrzeb mieszkańców i zrozumienie charakteru miejsca. Dobre wkomponowanie biblioteki w historyczne otoczenie uzyskano, nadając budynkowi prostą formę̨ i zagłębiając go częściowo pod ziemię. W obiekcie zastosowano wiele zaawansowanych rozwiązań technicznych mających na celu zabezpieczenie budowli przed trzęsieniami ziemi i prowadzących do optymalizacji bilansu ciepła, w tym: kinetyczne fasady i ruchome oszklone dachy, panele fotowoltaiczne, turbiny wiatrowe i posadzki typu Pavegen.

3

Applicability of Chemometric Methods for Estimating the Influence of Environmental Factors on the Water Quality on the Example of Some Lakes in Wolin National Park

Bucior-Kwaczyńska Anna, Miller Tymoteusz

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2019

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Tom 21, cz. 1

421--438

EN

Selected water quality indices collected form Czajcze and Domysłowsie Lakes in Wolin National Park in years 2000-2013 were studied. With the chemometric procedures an attempt was made to assess the impact of selected environmental factors in particular water level of lakes and monthly sum of precipitation on hydrochemistry of the lakes. It has been demonstrated that the level of lake waters can significantly shape the quality of the examined waters on the runoff of a river through lakes.

PL

Oznaczano wybrane wskaźniki jakości wody zebrane z jezior Czajcze i Domysłowskie w Wolińskim Parku Narodowym w latach 2000-2013. Przy użyciu procedur chemometrycznych podjęto próbę oceny wpływu wybranych czynników środowiskowych, w szczególności poziomu wody w jeziorach, jak i miesięcznej sumy opadów, na hydrochemię jezior. Wykazano, że poziom wód jeziornych może znacząco wpłynąć na jakość badanych wód podczas spływu rzeki przez jeziora.

4

Uznawanie podpisów elektronicznych w krajach Unii Europejskiej

Stroiński Ł., Nakielski B., Fijałkowski M.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2011

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Vol. 52, nr 1

67-69

PL

Artykuł przedstawia zasady działania list TSL, tzw. list usług zaufanych. Listy te w prosty sposób pozwalają określić, które podmioty są kwalifikowane lub akredytowane oraz jakie usługi otoczenia podpisu elektronicznego podlegają nadzorowi w danym kraju.

EN

The purpose of the article is to show the reader the importance of TSL (Trusted Service List). With this tool, we can easily determine which entities are qualified or accredited and what services related to electronic signature are supervised in each European country.

5

Computer modelling of ductile iron solidification using FDM and CA methods

Kapturkiewicz W., Burbelko A. A., Fraś E., Górny M., Gurgul D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 43, nr 1

310--323

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the work was the presentation of tool for modelling of solidification process, for prediction of some structure parameters in DI by the given chemical composition of alloy and for given boundary condition of casting. Design/methodology/approach: Two mathematical models and methods developed by authors have been presented: micromodelling with using of finite difference method (FDM) and mesomodelling with using of cellular automaton method (CA). Findings: The FDM was used for solving the DI solidification model, including heat conductivity equation with source function, boundary condition for casting, equations for austenite and eutectic grains nucleation depended on the changing undercooling, the Weibull’s formula for graphite nodule count, Kolmogorov’s equation for calculation of volume fraction of phases (eutectics and austenite). A set of equations, after transformation to a difference form, were solved by the finite difference method, using an iteration procedure. The correctness of the mathematical model has been experimentally verified in the range of most significant factors, which include temperature field, the value of maximum undercooling, and the graphite nodule count interrelated with the casting cross-section. Literature offers practically no data on so confronted process model and simulation program. The CA model was used for the simulation of the grains’ shapes in connection with FD for temperature field and solute redistribution in the grain scale. Practical implications: FDM modeling gives the possibility of statistical description of microstructure but the geometrical shape of grains is assumed a priori. In CA modeling the grain shape is not assumed, but this is the result of modeling. The use of FDM gives results quantitatively comparable to the process in real casting, particularly according to temperature fields and number of graphite spheroids. Originality/value: The CA method gives on the present stage credible qualitative results but this method is more perspective for good reproducing of the real process of solidification.

6

Wirtualna Sieć Prywatna

Duzinkiewicz K.

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

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2009

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R. 55, nr 7

540-543

PL

W artykule przedstawiono technologie wirtualnych sieci prywatnych (VPN) na przykładzie oprogramowania OpenVPN. Opisano instalację, konfigurację serwera VPN zaimplementowanego na linuksowym routerze oraz klientów pod systemem operacyjnym Windows. Opisano aspekty związane z bezpieczeństwem przesyłania otwartym kanałem zaszyfrowanych informacji i zasady działania protokołu SSL.

EN

The technologies of virtual private nets (VPN) enabling the safe access to supplies and corporate applications from home unprotected internet nets on the example of software OpenVPN that are based on the open (GPL) General Public License are presented in the paper. In Section 2 there are described both the principle of SSL protocol and the theoretical bases of coding the symmetrical and asymmetrical connection called the mixed coding. The Diffiego-Hellman's algorithm is also introduced. It is responsible for save distribution of private keys by an open channel. There is presented the mechanism called a reliable institution of the keys storage - certificate authenticity. Section 3 is concentrated on the practical use of the technology called VPN. It presents the installation of free software - OpenVPN. Further on, the way of generating keys and certificates is introduced as well as the server and clients' configuration. The VPN server role is functioned by Linksys WRT54GL router where the original firmware is replaced by an alternative firmware called dd-wrt.v24_vpn. However, the VPN client works under the control of the Windows system. Finally, the topology of VPN net (tunnels) based on real distracted net is described.

7

Zastosowanie metod chemometrycznych do interpretacji widm mas EI pochodnych organicznych cyny

Pujszo E. K., Szymura I., Lamkiewicz J., Szymura J. A.

Chemik

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2009

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Vol. 62, nr 1

7-10

PL

Praca prezentuje wstępne wyniki zastosowania połączonych metod chemometrycznych PCA, CA oraz BCA do interpretacji widm mas EI wybranej grupy związków cynoorganicznych o wzorze ogólnym (CH3)3SnR, gdzie R = alkil, aryl, halogen. Za pomocą PCA i CA wykazano, że parametry wzięte z procedury BCA, takie jak wariancja teoretyczna s2 theor, współczynnik dopasowania ??porównywanych pasm oraz udziały xi jonów Sn+ i SnH+ tworzących pasmo 112-127 m/z umożliwiają rozróżnienie aromatycznych od alifatycznych pochodnych organicznych cyny. Otrzymane rezultaty dają podstawy do stworzenia nowego klasyfikatora użytecznego do wyjaśniania struktury związków organicznych cyny, w oparciu o ich widma mas EI.

EN

This work presents initial results of joint use of PCA, CA and BCA computer-aided chemometric methods for interpretation of EI mass spectra of selected group of organotins with general formula (CH3)₃SnR, where R = alkyl, aryl or halogen. PCA and CA showed that parameters taken from BCA procedure, i.e. theoretical variance s² _theor, fit factor ??of compared bands and x_i contributions of Sn⁺ i SnH⁺ ions in 112-127 m/z band, allowed good distinction between aromatic and aliphatic organic derivatives of tin. Obtained results can be a good base for elaboration of the novel classifier helpful in structure elucidation of organotin derivatives from their EI mass spectra.

8

Zastosowanie metody aproksymacji połączonych do wyznaczania częstotliwości drgań własnych ścian konstrukcyjnych budynków po modernizacji

Kuźniar K., Zając M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika

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2008

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z. 74 [258]

191-202

EN

The paper deals with the evaluation of the natural frequencies of vibrations of the modified typical medium-height load-bearing walls modeled as the reinforced concrete thin plates. The small and the large changes of the wall stiffness and mass resulted from the new door-ways size and position were discussed. The Combined Approximations (CA) hybrid method was used as an effective reanalysis approach. Some procedures with using the concepts of shifts and Gram-Schmidt orthogonalizations were introduced to improve the accuracy of the results.

9

Cryptography based upon Cellular Automata

Seredyński F., Bouvry P., Szaban M.

Studia Informatica : systems and information technology

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2003

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Vol. 2(2)

73--85

EN

New results concerning application of cellular automata (CAs) to secret key cryptography is described in this paper. One dimensional nonuniform CAs are considered for generating pseudorandom number sequences used in a secret key cryptographic system. The quality of PNSs highly depends on set of applied CA rules. The search of rules relies on an evolutionary technique called cellular programming. Different rule sizes are considered. As the result of collective behavior of discovered set of CA rules very high quality PNSs are generated. Indeed the quality of PNSs outerforms the quality of known one dimensional CA-based PNS generators used for secret key cryptography. The extended set of CA rules proposed in this article makes the cryptography system much more resistant on attacks.