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Skład chemiczny wód podziemnych dopływających z Pobrzeża Kaszubskiego do Zatoki Puckiej

Potrykus Dawid, Pruszkowska-Caceres Małgorzata, Jaworska-Szulc Beata, Gumuła-Kawęcka Anna, Szymkiewicz Adam

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, Nr 9

691-–700

EN

This study presents preliminary results of investigation of groundwater chemical composition (major ions, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) in a coastal multi-aquifer groundwater system in the Puck Municipality. It was found that the groundwater composition is specific for each aquifer and shows some local variation. There is also a clear vertical geochemical inversion within the aquifers, with the highest concentrations of dissolved components in the shallowest aquifer. In general, all of the aquifers represent groundwater quality classes I, II and III, which can be evaluated as good quality according to Polish environmental law. An increase in the concentrations of principal pollution indicators over time has been observed only in the shallow aquifer. Distribution of basic pollution indicators in the groundwater implies a local impact of agriculture, as well as an influence of municipal wastes from households and farms. Poor sanitary conditions of farms, animal husbandry, storage and distribution of organic fertilizers (e.g. manure) can be potential sources of contamination. However, concentrations of contaminants in the coastal zone of aquifers discharging to the Bay of Puck are within the range for quality classes I and II, and generally lower than the concentrations measured in seawater, which suggests limited impact of the terrestrial groundwater discharge on the Bay of Puck contamination.

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Significance of nutrient fluxes via submarine groundwater discharge in the Bay of Puck, southern Baltic Sea

Szymczycha Beata, Kłostowska Żaneta, Lengier Monika, Dzierzbicka-Głowacka Lidia

Oceanologia

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2020

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No. 62 (2)

117--125

EN

In this study, we collected submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and seawater samples at six sites in the Bay of Puck, in the southern Baltic Sea, in order to estimate the nutrient distribution in groundwater affected areas. In addition, we estimated nutrient fluxes via SGD, including both fresh SGD (FSGD) and recirculated seawater SGD (RSGD), to the entire Bay of Puck. Phosphate (PO43−) concentrations varied significantly among study sites and seasons, while both ammonium (NH4+) and nitrates (NO3−) concentrations varied only seasonally. The N:P ratio indicated P limitation in most of the samples. The estimated seasonal and annual loads, via SGD, of both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; 9303 t yr−1) and PO43− (950 t yr−1), were the most significant source of nutrients to the Bay of Puck, and notably higher than quantified before (FSGD nutrient loads of 50 t yr−1 and 56 t yr−1 for DIN and PO43−, respectively). The SGD fluxes reported here indicate some of the highest rates of sediment-water fluxes reported in the Baltic Sea. These results suggest that SGD (both FSGD and RSGD) should be considered as source of chemical substances to the marine environment.

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Could submarine groundwater discharge be a significant carbon source to the southern Baltic Sea?

Szymczycha B., Maciejewska A., Winogradow A., Pempkowiak J.

Oceanologia

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2014

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No. 56 (2)

327--347

EN

Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) is an important yet poorly recognised pathway of material transport to the marine environment. This work reports on the results of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and loads in the groundwater seeping into the southern Baltic Sea. Most of the research was carried out in the Bay of Puck (2009-2010), while in 2013 the study was extended to include several other groundwater seepage impacted areas situated along the Polish coastline. The annual average concentrations of DIC and DOC in the groundwater were equal to 64.5 ± 10.0 mg C L-1 and 5.8 ± 0.9 mg C L-1 respectively. The carbon specific flux into the Bay of Puck was estimated at 850 mg m-2 yr-1. The loads of carbon via SGD were scaled up for the Baltic Sea sub-basins and the entire Baltic Sea. The DIC and DOC fluxes via SGD to the Baltic Sea were estimated at 283.6 ± 66.7 kt yr-1 and 25.5 ± 4.2 kt yr-1. The SGD derived carbon load to the Baltic Sea is an important component of the carbon budget, which gives the sea a firmly heterotrophic status.

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Fluxes and balance of mercury in the inner Bay of Puck, southern Baltic, Poland: an overview

Boszke L.

Oceanologia

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2005

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No. 47 (3)

325-350

EN

The aim of the study was to analyse the balance of mercury (Hg), i.e. the content of this metal, its inflow and outflow, in the ecosystem of the Bay of Puck. Based on literature data and the results of the author's own study, this analysis has shown that the main source of Hg pollution is the atmosphere. An estimated 1.1-3.8 kg of Hg enters annually from the atmosphere, whereas the mass of Hg carried there by river waters per annum is about 7 times lower (0.13-0.44 kg year^-1). The 0.9-2.7 kg year^-1 of Hg released from Bay of Puck waters to the atmosphere is of the same order as the quantity deposited from the atmosphere. The total amount of Hg deposited in the upper (0-5 cm deep) layer of the sediments has been estimated at 240-320 kg, its rate of entry being c. 2.25-2.81 kg year^-1. 0.25-1.25 kg year^-1 of Hg are released from the bottom sediments to bulk water, while 0.61-0.97 kg remains confined in aquatic organisms, including 133 g in the phytobenthos, 2.6 g in the zooplankton, 420-781 g in the macrozoobenthos and 34 g in fish.