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1

Fragmenty z historii toru wodnego. Czy pękły bariery techniczne?

Rzepka Janusz

Inżynieria Morska i Geotechnika

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2023

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nr 4

183--186

PL

Problemy związane z utrzymaniem i dostępnością do portów oddalonych od morza jako przyczyna upadku wielu miast portowych w przeszłości. Port w Szczecinie jako klasyczny przykład portu położonego u ujścia dużej żeglownej rzeki. Pogłębienie, a właściwie budowa toru wodnego łączącego Bałtyk z portem w Szczecinie jako wydarzenie, które zadecydowało o tempie i kierunku dalszego rozwoju portu.

EN

Problems with the maintenance and accessibility of harbors located away from the sea shore as the cause of the decline of many harbor cities and towns in the past. Szczecin harbor as a classic example of sea harbor located at the estuary of navigable river. Deepening or actually construction of the waterway between Baltic sea and the Szczecin harbor as the event which determined both pace and direction of the further development of the harbor.

2

Infrastructure changes of the sea passenger port based on a digital transport model

Krile Srećko, Maiorov Nikolai

Transport Problems

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2021

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T. 16, z. 4

207--216

EN

Marine passenger ports and terminals are key transport facilities that influence the development and positioning of a region, city or country. The port infrastructure should provide the world requirements in service of cruise and ferry ships, and ensure the efficiency and convenience in service of passengers and associated cargo flow. This circumstance determines the necessity of infrastructure modernization, and hardware and software renewal. At the same time, the existing equipment in ports and terminals is gradually becoming outdated, hence the necessity of modernization on the basis of development of a decision-making system. This decision-making system should no longer be based on analytical models, but on new digital transport models of sea passenger ports and terminals. These digital models must take into account both passenger handling processes and external processes for handling cruise and ferry ships. The model should have high computational power and take into account the influence of the external environment. These models should answer development forecasting questions and provide an accurate decision-making system for the validity of infrastructure changes. The Passenger Port of Saint Petersburg "Marine Façade” (St. Petersburg) was chosen as the subject of research. To construct a numerical model, port operation intensity, passenger, cruise and ferry vessel handling processes were investigated; port and terminal development strategies and the mutual influence of the "city-port" systems on each other were studied. As a result of the analysis, a new digital transport model of the sea passenger port was built, which has a high level of detail and accuracy of process implementation, high productivity and efficiency of analysis of various infrastructure changes in the port, allowing the inclusion of dynamic changes from the external environment. The numerical model has been fully implemented for this port, and new conclusions have been derived from it. The use of these new models allows justification of infrastructure upgrades and to study the position of the port in the region in relation to competitors' ports. The developed tool allows solving the problem of research on port processes at any level of planning and enables integration into the information systems already existing in ports and terminals.

3

Characteristics of the growth rate and lipid production in fourteen strains of Baltic green microalgae

Klin M., Pniewski F., Latała A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 1

10--18

EN

Screening of fourteen Baltic green algal strains provided basic data on their mass culture potential for the purpose of valuable biomass production with particular emphasis on lipid content. Selected microalgae were grown under non-stressed conditions in order to identify those characterized by efficient lipid production. The tested strains exhibited significant differences in growth patterns and lipid yields. Strains belonging to Chlorella and Stichococcus genera exhibited the highest growth rates, ranging from 0.39 d-1 to 0.50 d-1 and thus the highest final cell density (> 107 cells ml-1). Furthermore, five strains: C. minutissima BA-12, C. fusca BA-18, C. vulgaris BA-80, Monoraphidium sp. BA-165 and Chlorella sp. BA-167 were characterized by distinctively high lipid yield (> 60 mg l-1). The same strains, together with C. vulgaris BA-02, were also shown as those with the highest volumetric lipid productivity, reaching > 30 mg l-1 d-1. The tested Baltic strains performed well in terms of lipid production compared to the literature data, still leaving a great spectrum of opportunities for further lipid yield improvement.

4

Morze Bałtyckie w założeniach strategii morskich i polityk bezpieczeństwa narodowego państw bałtyckich : wnioski dla koncepcji bezpieczeństwa morskiego RP

Mickiewicz P.

Studia Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego

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2014

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R. 4, Nr 5

339--365

PL

Zlewisko Morza Bałtyckiego uznawane jest za obszar stabilności politycznej, na którym niewielkie jest prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia konfliktu zbrojnego. Nie oznacza to, że nie jest to region, w którym nie ma miejsca na rywalizację polityczno-gospodarczą, która kreuje określone zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa. Wynikają one głównie z prowadzonej przez państwa regionu polityki morskiej. Tym samym koncepcje ich niwelowania przyjmują przede wszystkim postać działań polityczno-gospodarczych, a rolą sił morskich jest w pierwszej kolejności zagwarantowanie i ochrona interesów morskich państwa. Takie rozumienie istoty polityki bezpieczeństwa morskiego determinować powinno także założenia polskich koncepcji zapewniania bezpieczeństwa oraz sposobu organizacji i funkcjonowania systemu bezpieczeństwa morskiego.

EN

The Baltic sea region is considered to be an area of political stability with rather small probability of an armed conflict. However, this doesn’t mean that the economic and political rivalry isn’t creating particular dangers for the regional security, as is discussed by the author. Dangers arise from the particular maritime policies of the countries involved. The counteractions against possible dangers involve above all the politico-economical actions using the military sea power to guarantee and protect the country’s interests. As it is stated in this article, such an approach toward the essence of sea security should also determine the Poland’s conception of its sea interests. And based on that, the organizational system and its functions should be applied to strengthen security of the Polish seas.