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1 Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica

1 2016

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Geomorphological characteristics of avalanche tracks on Babia Góra Mt., Western Carpathians

Łajczak A., Spyt B.

Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica

2016

Vol. 50

65--88

Distribution and parameters of avalanche tracks on the slopes of asymmetric ridge of Babia Góra Mt. (1725 m a.s.l. – the highest massif in the flysch Western Carpathians) were studied in relation to slope relief, prevailing wind directions, snow cover thickness, treeline and timberline locations. The following sections of avalanche tracks were distinguished: starting zone, track zone and runout zone. The entire course of each track was described using the following parameters: the elevation [m a.s.l.], vertical drop Δh [m], maximum and mean inclination α [°], length on slope L [m]. The relationships between these parameters were analyzed on slopes of straight, concave, step-like and convex profiles. The character of starting zone (from a point or a line) and the form of avalanche track (confined or unconfined) were determined. Values of sinuosity index [%] were calculated. The longest avalanche tracks (>300 m, locally >800 m) occur on convergent slopes of different profiles with domination of straight once. 75% of avalanche tracks exceed the treeline causing lowering of the timberline by over 200 m. On divergent slopes, avalanches are not present. The most frequent are avalanche tracks of mean slope inclination in the range 26–40°. The application of LiDAR data and their linkage with field work investigations made it possible to reveal that the number of avalanche tracks on Babia Góra Mt. and their dimensions are greater than it was so far assumed. Their main concentration was determined on the steep northern slope of straight, concave or step-like profiles.