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Niche segregation and coexistence of parasitic Hymenoptera of the Apilota genus group (Hymenoptera, Branconidae) in a beech forest on limestone

Ulrich W.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2000

Vol. 48, nr 3

225-238

In a beech forest on limestone (Northern Germany) community structure and coexistence of a community of phorid (Diptera) parasitoids (Aspilota and Orthostigma spp., Hymenoptera, Braconidae) was studied. A classical niche analysis including character displacement, temporal and spatial segregation and density fluctuations could not clearly separate the species. In a case where such a separation by morphological factors was possible, hosts and spatial distribution of this species were the same as in morphologically different species. As prediced from aggregation theory of coexistence all species were highly aggregated but aggregation and density appeared not to be correlated. In line with the core-satellite hypothesis bimodal species rank order distributions (temporal and in relation to density) with a high number of rare species were found and patch density was correlated with number of patches occupied. Relative abundance distributions were fitted by Zipf-Mandelbrot but not by log-normal or log-series models.