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Niedosyt fizjologiczny w Arktyce Norweskiej wokresie 1971-2000

Araźny A.

Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej

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2005

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nr 15

133-141

PL

W artykule przedstawiono rozkład przestrzenny zmian niedosytu fizjologicznego w Arktyce Norweskiej w okresie 1971-2000. W badaniach zmienności niedosytu fizjologicznego wykorzystano dane ze stacji: Ny-Alesund, Svalbard Airport, Hornsund, Hopen, Bjornoya i Jan Mayen. Wpływ cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na przebieg niedosytu fizjologicznego przeanalizowano wykorzystując katalog typów oraz wskaźniki cyrkulacji Niedźwiedzia (2001, 2002) dla Spitsbergenu.

EN

The paper presents the results of the study of the physiological deficit (D) in the Norwegian Arctic in the period 1971-2000. The values of physiological deficit are indices of evaporation from the lungs and upper respiratory tract of man. The analysis of the physiological deficit in the Norwegian Arctic showed a high value of evaporation from the lungs an upper respiratory tract of man over the whole study area (Tab. 1, Fig. 1-3). During the year the occurrence of 'dry' feeling was noted from 89% of the days at Bjornoya to 98% of the days at Hopen. 'Comfortable' feeling occurred only in summer and sporadically in autumn (Tab. 2). The negative trends of the mean annual and seasonal physiological deficit values are mostly statistically significant (Tab. 3). This means that during the period studied the water evaporation from the upper respiratory track of man decreased significantly in this part of the Arctic (Fig. 4). The highest value of water evaporation from the upper respiratory track was found in the winter season with air advection from the north-eastern sector, independently from the baric system type. The most favourable sense of humidity according to the analysed coefficient physiological deficit was noted in summer with air advection from the southern sector, in case of cyclonic as well as anticyclonic situation (Fig. 5).

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Przebieg roczny wilgotności względnej w Arktyce Norweskiej w okresie 1971-2000

Araźny A.

Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej

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2003

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nr 13

107-115

EN

The paper presents the analysis of the spatial variability of relative humidity in the Norwegian Arctic during the year (Fig.1, Table 2) for 6 meteorological stations (Table 1). We determined the frequency of relative humidity according intervals (Fig. 2) and examined its connection with atmospheric circulation indices (Table 3, Fig. 3). In the Norwegian Arctic 3 types of courses of the relative humidity have been distinguished on the basis of mean monthly values, amplitudes and occurrence frequency in distinguished intervals: 1) very wet - characterised by monthly and annual mean values of the relative humidity higher than 80%, small annual amplitudes up to 10%. This type includes the stations Bjornoya, Hopen i Jan Mayen. During the year at these stations very wet air dominates (236, 218 and 175 days, respectively). 2) wet - characterised by large annual amplitudes over 10%. Mean monthly values exceeding 80% occur only in summer and early autumn. This type occurs at the stations Hornsund and Ny-Alesund. At these stations wet air is the most frequent: 181 and 141 days during the year, respectively. 3) moderately wet - characterised by even level in every month below 80%, very small annual amplitude up to 5%. This type occurs at Svalbard Lufthavn where wet (171 days) and moderately dry (135 days) air is the most frequent.

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Zmienność parametrów termicznych w Arktyce Norweskiej w okresie 1951-1990

Przybylak R.

Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej

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1999

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nr 9

23--36

EN

In the paper, changes in mea n annual intraseasonal (within season) and interannual (between years) temperature variability have been analysed over the Norwegian Arctic for the period 1951 to 1990. The daily maximum (TMAX) r mean (TSR), minimum (TMIN) temperatures and the diurnal temperature range (AMP) for the Jan Mayen and Hopen stations were examined. The temperature variability parameters and the method of computations was the same as in Plummer (1996), except the computation method of the long-term daily mean values, which here were obtained by averaging daily data from the period 1951-1990. Plummer have received these series by performing a Fourier analysis of their monthly mea n and interpolating from their respective average annual cycles. In the Norwegian Arctic, similarly as for Australia (Plummer 1996), trends in intraseasonal temperature variability were mixed and in all cases not statistically significant (Figs 1-8). These results are in good agreement with the observed lack of warming in the studied area over the period 1951-1990 (Przybylak 1996, 1997). Most sensitive to high-frequency temperature variability, of the four thermic parameters, is TMAX. Plummer (1996) also found similar results for Australia. The range of changes in intraseasonal variability and their values decreases when the time-scale of averaging intervals increases. Small, not statistically significant, increases in interannual variability for all thermic parameters were observed in the studied area (Fig. g). The greatest interannual variability in both analysed stations shows TMIN and the lowest AMP. In Australia Plummer found TMAX as the most sensitive to this kind of variability.