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Bauhaus and the beginning of mass housing: how residential open building reacts to changes in society

Struhařík Daniel

Architecturae et Artibus

2019

Vol. 11, no. 3

54--60

In current realizations and research papers, we increasingly encounter designs of flexible dwelling houses. Topics such as Residential Open Building, Infill Architecture, or Support / Infill are also interesting due to changing demands of a population and a long period from planning permission to the end of a building process. The hitherto neglected aspect is the origin of thinking about an apartment building as a flexible structure. The question is whether we can already find this topic in the work of the leading Bauhaus representatives. Using the direct research method, the study of historical sources and available literature, we realized that this topic can be found in the work of the Bauhaus architects. Especially because this progressive school saw an architect‘s position in a broader context. Its visionary representatives predicted the rapid development of society and they responded to this by developing a new typology of apartment buildings that allowed a change. The theme of residential open building can be found in the early 20th century especially in the European context. The work of the Bauhaus representatives was ahead of their time and began to consider the apartment building as a variable structure.