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PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań nad możliwością wykorzystania tiosiarczanu amonu (ATS) oraz jego mieszaniny z polifosforanem amonu (APP) jako inhibitorów enzymu ureazy dla nawozu RSM 32N (roztwór saletrzano-mocznikowy). Wykazano zależność w skuteczności ograniczania emisji azotu z nawozu RSM od zawartości ATS. Potwierdzono doniesienia literaturowe o wyższej skuteczności ATS w obecności polifosforanu amonu. Dodatek tiosiarczanu amonu do nawozu RSM względnie ograniczył emisję azotu z 21% do 39%. W przypadku RSM z mieszaniną ATS i APP względne ograniczenie strat gazowych azotu wyniosło 35-68%.
EN
(NH₄)₂S₂O₃ or its mixt. with (NH₄PO₃)N were added to urea- NH₄NO₃ fertilizer to reduce NH₃ emissions. The redn. of NH₃ losses was 35-39% for (NH₄)₂S₂O₃ and 55-70% for the addn. of (NH₄)₂S₂O₃-( NH₄PO₃)N mixt. when compared to the fertilizer without additives.
EN
Intensive pursuit in the introduction of automatic train driving systems, both with and without the driver in the cabin, can be observed around the world. Implementation of such a system allows for an increase in both the safety level of traffic and capacity of railway lines and consequently, an increase in the running frequency of these trains, which is extremely important in large urban agglomerations. One type of automatic train system is the CBTC class, in which a wireless network is used for data transmission. An important issue in the systems of this class is the problem of transferring information from the track to the train about the possibility and method of driving. This article describes the possible ways of sending information from the track to the train. The system of information transmission from track to trains (SPITP) was defined and discussed. The general characteristics of the CBTC class systems were presented. In Poland, a scientific project which aimed at developing the CBTC class system was recently undertaken. It is called rmCBTC and is being prepared as part of a project carried out by the Rail-Mil Computers Sp. z o. o. from Warsaw and the Faculty of Transport of the Warsaw University of Technology, co-financed by the National Center for Research and Development from the European Union Funds. This article presents the assumptions of the designed system and discusses the scope of data that is necessary in the subsystem of information transfer from the track to the train with the rmCBTC system.
EN
The paper presents the issue of modelling the system of the PRT vehicle – track. The PRT – Personal Rapid Transit concept is defined as an innovative transport system composed of small vehicles (3–5 persons) moving on the light infrastructure situated at a height of above 5 meters above the ground. This is a system that combines the features of individual and public transport. An important feature of this system is the implementation of the transport approach known as the ‘point to point’ rule that is to say between the initial and the final stop the vehicle does not stop at the intermediate stops. The vehicle has no driver. Routing choice and collision avoidance are performed through a complex computer system.
PL
Praca analizuje współczesne problemy szeroko rozumianej mobilności, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem mobilności realizowanej z wykorzystaniem innowacyjnych środków i systemów transportowych. Duża uwaga skierowana jest na systemy APM & ATS (Automated People Movers & Automated Transit Systems). Uwzględnione są przy tym tzw. "czyste technologie". Praca bazuje na wynikach projektu ECO-Mobilność. Ze względu na szerokość problemu oraz ograniczony zakres artykułu praca stanowi ograniczoną, subiektywną wypowiedź koordynatora wspomnianego projektu dotyczącą problemów Eco-Mobilności.
EN
The work analyses present problems of the widely understood mobility, with particular reference to the mobility realized with the utilization of innovative resources and forwarding systems. The large attention directed is on systems APM & ATS (Automated People Movers & Automated Transit Systems). Taken into account are at this so called "clean technologies". The work bases herself on performance of the project ECO-the Mobility. For the width of the problem and the limited range of the article the work to the state the subjective statement of the coordinator of the remembered project.
5
Content available remote Automated Testing System for Digital Servo Amplifiers
EN
This paper presents the modular testing system investigating a proper functionality of digital servo amplifiers supporting quality testing process. The system design enables electrical testing of input/output channels and power stages in terms of eventual short circuits, current efficiency and assumed functionality.
PL
W pracy przestawiono modułowy system testujący poprawność działania cyfrowych sterowników napędu, jako urządzenie wspierające proces kontroli jakości produkcji. System umożliwia testowanie parametrów elektrycznych układów wejścia/wyjścia oraz stopni mocy pod kątem ewentualnych zwarć, wydajności prądowej oraz założonej funkcjonalności.
6
Content available remote Implementing Typeful Program Transformations
EN
The notion of program transformation is ubiquitous in programming language studies on interpreters, compilers, partial evaluators, etc. In order to implement a program transformation, we need to choose a representation in the meta language, that is, the programming language in which we construct programs, for representing object programs, that is, the programs in the object language on which the program transformation is to be performed. In practice, most representations chosen for typed object programs are typeless in the sense that the type of an object program cannot be reflected in the type of its representation. This is unsatisfactory as such typeless representations make it impossible to capture in the type system of the meta language various invariants in a program transformation that are related to the types of object programs. In this paper, we propose an approach to implementing program transformations that makes use of a first-order typeful program representation, where the type of an object program as well as the types of the free variables in the object program can be reflected in the type of the representation of the object program. We introduce some programming techniques needed to handle this typeful program representation, and then present an implementation of a CPS transform function where the relation between the type of an object program and that of its CPS transform is captured in the type system of DML. In a broader context, we claim to have taken a solid step along the line of research on constructing certifying compilers.
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