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2 Reports on Geodesy

2 1999

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Forecasting deformations of the earth surface and structures at atomic at atomic power station sites

Chernyaha P.

Reports on Geodesy

1999

z. 4/45

205-207

Full-scale geodetic observations concerning deformations and sedimentation of the earth surface and structures of atomic power station (APS) during a certain period give the possibility to draw up the model to forecast their changes which is a major and complicated problem. Considering dominant factors influencing the deformation it is possible to make a model of the object movement in time and to submit a physical interpretation. The basis of forecasting is a mathematical model which determines by some arguments quantitative characteristics of the phenomenon. Depending upon the geological, hydrogeological and geophysical conditions in the area of APS location and taking into account technogenic processes it is possible to make a model of the movement of objects being studied. On the basis of regular geodetic measurements which consider the effect of all factors it is possible to do the evaluation of the location of the structure foundation, of the object condition processing measurements of different epochs. We have considered issues of forecasting deformations of structures on geodynamic testing grounds of APS taking into account their changes in time and space and also some theoretical results of the method of study of measurements results. The forecast of any phenomenon is carried out by a mathematical model which by certain arguments (time, distance between marks, physicomechanical properties of soils, hydrogeological factors etc.) submits quantitative characteristics of the process.

Comprehensive monitoring of atomic power stations

Bahovets B., Budz M., Klymenko N., Sergiyenko N., Chernyaha P.

Reports on Geodesy

1999

z. 4/45

209-213

Large ecological danger of atomic power stations (APS) requires to carry out systematic research into issues of movement of the earth surface, of tectonic plates, determination of the deformation of structures and of technological equipment which prevents the emergence of critical situations. On-site geophysical, geological, hydrogeological and geodetic observations are dominant at APS with its complicated and unique equipment which requires high quality service during its construction and operation. The uniqueness of natural conditions on industrial sites of APS and environment call for an individual approach to take into account the horizontal and vertical movements of the earth surface and the equipment. Taking into account changes in horizontal and vertical movements of objects it is possible to draw up the forecast of their mobility and to choose the forecast model which is a complicated and major problem. The experience of APS operation shows that engineering and geological conditions are being aggravated, firstly, within industrial sites and adjoining territories. In this connection the operation of APS must be accompanied by comprehensive monitoring which must embrace all constituent components of the environment. The construction and operation of APS engineering buildings may be carried out within two macrostructural elements of the continental earth crustplatforms and geosynclines. In Ukraine all APS are built on platforms. We have discussed issues of comprehensive monitoring of APS which had been built on platforms.