Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Wykorzystanie mikroskopii AFM do wizualizacji efektów prac nad otrzymaniem tlenków cyny SNO2

Lubańska Z., Grudniewski T., Chodyka M.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

|

2015

|

R. 22, nr 12

944--946, CD

PL

W artykule przedstawiono charakterystyki cienkich warstw SnO2 na czystym szkle. Warstwy SnO2 nanoszone były metodą magnetronowego sputteringu (nanoszenie) na podłoże szklane w różnych temperaturach. Wykorzystano do tego urządzenie Magnetron Line 440. Do badania składu i morfologii warstwy użyto mikroskopii skaningowej i atomowej (STM/AFM). Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że powłoki wykazują dobre połączenie z materiałem podłoża, charakteryzują się zróżnicowaną chropowatością i są jednorodnie chemiczne.

EN

Atomic force microscopy is one of the most popular method used in surface imaging. This method allows to measure the surface topography and determine the dimensions of the structures in the subatomic resolution [1]. Due to its properties, it can be applied to the measurement of conductors and semiconductor surfaces prepared in various processes. The experiment is fo-cused on SnO2 and ITO thin layers which can be used as transparent electrodes [2]. The authors are trying to illustrate the correlation between process parameters - creation of semiconductor in magnetron sputtering by different process conditions (temperature and cooling process, gas pressure and composition), surface of the sample and its other electrooptical parameters.

2

Wpływ rozdzielczości skanowania mikroskopu AFM na wyznaczone wartości geometryczne, fraktalne i statystyczne

Bramowicz Mirosław, Kulesza Sławomir, Szabracki Paweł, Lipiński Tomasz

Inżynieria Materiałowa

|

2013

|

Vol. 34, nr 1

50--55

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki analizy wpływu rozdzielczości skanowania mikroskopu AFM na parametry geometryczne, charakterystyczne dla badanej wzorcowej powierzchni, oraz parametry statystyczne i fraktalne. W pracy opisano serię pomiarów topografii wzorca TGT1 (NT-MDT) przy różnej rozdzielczości skanowania w kontaktowym trybie pracy mikroskopu AFM. Wartości parametrów statystycznych: Sa, Sq, Sy, wyznaczone dla różnych rozdzielczości skanowania zgodnie z normą ISO 25178-6, porównano ze sobą oraz zestawiono z parametrami fraktalnymi: długością korelacji (rc), wymiarem fraktalnym (D) oraz topotezą powierzchni (K). Z przeprowadzonych pomiarów wynika, że w przypadku okresowego ukształtowania powierzchni krok pomiarowy (w analizowanym zakresie) nie wywiera istotnego wpływu na wartości parametrów geometrycznych, statystycznych oraz ocenę anizotropii powierzchni. Jego wartość, jak i gęstość skanowania są istotne w analizie fraktalnej przeprowadzanej metodą funkcji struktury S(t). Wynika to ze wzrastającej wraz z rozdzielczością liczby punktów mieszczących się w liniowym zakresie krzywej S(t) wyznaczającym obszar samopodobieństwa badanej powierzchni.

EN

The effect of the scanning resolution on the geometrical, statistical and fractal parameters extracted from the AFM images of the reference sample of a well-known shape is analyzed in the paper. A series of measurements was carried out in the contact mode on the TGT1 calibration grating supplied by NT-MDT. The statistical parameters Sa, Sq, Sy were estimated (according to norm ISO 25178-6) and compared to the images with different scan resolution, and then the numerical procedure was applied to extract fractal parameters such as: the correlation length (rc), fractal dimension (D) and topothesy (K) from the AFM images of different lateral resolution. The obtained results suggest that for isotropic surfaces neither geometrical features, statistical features nor the anisotropy ratio is signiﬁcantly affected by the scan step. On the other hand, the scan step and the scan resolution are important when the images are analyzed on the grounds of fractal geometry using the structure function S(t). This is mainly due to the fact that with an increasing scan resolution, the number of points in the linear range of the structure function increases as well, and only within this range does the surface reveal self-afﬁne properties.

3

Study of thin films for application in photovoltaic cells

Weszka J., Jarka P., Jurusik J., Domański M., Szindler M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

|

2013

|

Vol. 64, nr 2

182--191

EN

Purpose: of this paper: The major aim of this paper was describing technical conditions of thermal evaporation method of organic thin film used as active layers for photovoltaic cells. Design/methodology/approach: The organic thin films have been obtained by thermal evaporation process from two sources. The two sources technique alleged to using the mixtures of two kinds of materials on deposited substrate and created the bulk p-n junction. By steering the source temperature the deposited rate of substrates has been changed which has led to changes in the share component in the layer. Findings: The obtained results describe the influence of evaporation process from two sources on optical properties and surface morphology of thin films which consist molecular materials - perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and metal phthalocyanines (NiPc, TiOPc) blends. Research limitations/implications: The morphology and optical properties of thin films films made of organic materials MePc:PTCDA were described. This paper include also influence of physical vapor deposition process conditions on properties of thin films. Practical implications: The obtained results allowed to create the bulk p-n junction. The MePc:PTCDA thin films can be used in photovoltaic applications. Originality/value: The value of this paper is defining the optimal parameters of thermal evaporation from two sources for preparing MePc:PTCDA thin film with the best properties for photovoltaic applications. This paper describes the use of molecular materials for PVD technology. Results of these researches allowed to develop the technology of bulk heterojunction of molecular materials.

4

Researches of topography and optical properties of the thin films NiPc/PTCDA donor acceptor couple

Weszka J., Jarka P., Chwastek-Ogierman M., Hajduk B.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2012

|

Vol. 53, nr 2

81--88

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work consists of researches of surface topography and optical properties of organic thin films of NiPc : PTCDA blends deposited by thermal evaporation from one source. Thin films of organic materials are provided as donor/acceptor couple in heterojuction solar cells. Design/methodology/approach: Films consisting of NiPc and PTCDA mixture were deposited by thermal evaporation from one source. By using blends with different PTCDA to NiPc ratios and steering the temperature of the sources and hence deposition rate different properties of layers are obtained. Findings: Both the chemical composition and technological parameters of deposition process has appeared to influence on optical properties and surface morphology of thin films. These parameters were found to influence surface morphology and UV-Vis absorption spectra. Research limitations/implications: The paper shows the methodology of deposition NiPc/PTCDA donor/ acceptor blends and the influence of evaporation parameters on properties of thin films. That can be used for the research of the planar heterojunction solar cells based on NiPc/PTCDA heterojunction donor-acceptor couple active layers. Practical implications: Results of researches suggest that blends of NiPc and PTCDA can be useful materials in organic photovoltaic device. However right deposition parameters and the blends proportions determine the properties of NiPc/PTCDA donor/acceptor thin films. Originality/value: The goal of this paper is to definie the surface topography and optical properties of thin films NiPc/PTCDA blends prepared with different proportions of components and parameters of evaporation process.

5

Investigations of morphology and optical properties of thin films of TiOPc/PTCDA donor acceptor couple

Weszka J., Jarka P., Hajduk B., Chwastek-Ogierman M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2012

|

Vol. 55, nr 2

396--402

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work is studying surface topography and optical properties of organic thin films of TiOPc and PTCDA blends deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation. Design/methodology/approach: Thin films of blends of organic materials are provided as donor/acceptor couples in bulk heterojunction based organic solar cells. Thin films of TiOPc - PTCDA mixture have been deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation from one source with various ratios of blends components and deposition rates used. Both the chemical composition and technological parameters of the deposition process have appeared to influence on optical properties, UV-Vis absorption spectra in particular, and surface morphology of the as-prepared thin films. The paper reveals the methodology of deposition thin films of TiPc-PTCDA donor/ acceptor blends and the influence of deposition parameters on their properties. Findings: Thin films of such blends can be used for the research on the planar heterojunction solar cells based on donor-acceptor couple active layers. Results of these investigations suggest that blends of TiOPc and PTCDA can be suitable materials for preparing organic photovoltaic devices. Research limitations/implications: Deposition parameters and proportions of the blend components used determine the properties of TiOPc/PTCDA thin films. Originality/value: The goal of this paper is also to define relations connecting the surface morphology and optical properties of thin films of TiOPc-PTCDA blend prepared with their composition and parameters of the evaporation process.

6

Surface morphology of thin films polyoxadiazoles

Weszka J., Szindler M.M., Chwastek-Ogierman M., Bruma M., Jarka P., Tomiczek B.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2011

|

Vol. 49, nr 2

224--232

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to analyse the surface morphology of thin films polyoxadiazoles. Design/methodology/approach: SSix different polymers which belong to the group of polyoxadiazoles were dissolved in the solvent NMP. Each of these polymer was deposited on a glass substrate and a spin coating method was applied with a spin speed of 1000, 2000 and 3000 rev/min. Changes in surface topography and roughness were observed. An atomic force microscope AFM Park System has been used. Photos have been taken in noncontact mode while observing an area of 10 x 10 microns. Findings: The analysis of images has confirmed that the quality of thin films depends upon the used polymers. It was also observed that the parameters of the spin coating method have significant effect on the morphology and the surface roughness. The speed of the spin has got a strong impact on the topography of the thin films obtained. Research limitations/implications: The morphology of polyoxadiazoles thin films has been described. This paper include description how the spin speed influences the morphology of polymer thin films. In order to use a polymer thin film in photovoltaics or optoelectronics it must have a uniform thickness and a low surface roughness. Further research, in which the optical properties of thin films are investigated, is strongly recommended. Practical implications: Conductive polymers may find applications in photovoltaics or optoelectronics. It is important to study this group of material engineering and to find a new use for them. Materials from which thin films are made of will have an impact on the properties and characteristics of electronics devices in which they are be applied. Originality/value: The value of this paper is defining the optimal parameters of spin-coating technology for six polyoxadiazoles. The results allow the choosing optimal parameters of the deposition process. Spin coating is a very good method to obtain thin films which are obligated to heve the same thickness over the whole surface.

7

Influence of technological conditions on optical properties and morphology of spin-coated PPI thin films

Chwastek M., Weszka J., Jurusik J., Hajduk B., Jarka P.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

|

2011

|

Vol. 48, nr 2

69-76

EN

The aim of this paper is to show technical and chemical parameters influence on optical properties and morphology of poly (1,4-phenylenemethylenenitrilo- 1,4-phenylenenitrilomethylene) (PPI) thin films prepared by spin-coating method

8

Comparing of optical properties and morphology of polyoxadiazoles with CF3 groups

Hajduk B., Jarka P., Weszka J., Bruma M., Jurusik J., Chwastek M., Mańskowski D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2010

|

Vol. 40, nr 1

7-14

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to compare optical properties of 4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2(-4(-3(4-(5-(4-m-tolyoxy)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxy)phenylcarbomyl)phenyl)propan2-yl)-N-methylbenzamide (Oxad 6F-D) and 4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2(-4-(4-(4-(5-(4-(p-tolyoxy)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxycarbaomyl)phenyl)propan-2-yl)-N-methylbenzamide (Oxad 6F-E). Design/methodology/approach: The Oxad 6F polymer thin films were deposited onto glass and KBr substrates by spin–coating method under different technological conditions. Findings: The spinning rate V and solution concentration C influenced optical properties of Oxad 6F-D and Oxad 6F-E thin films. The goal of this paper is to show differences in properties of these polymers. Research limitations/implications: The electrical and luminescent properties of Oxad 6F polymers will be carried out in the nearest time. The different properties of these polymers are caused by benzene position in the polymer chain, two aromatic rings are in meta-position in Oxad 6F-D and all benzene rings are in para-positions in Oxad 6F-E. Practical implications: Thin films of Oxad 6F-D and Oxad 6F-E are good potential material for applications in polymer optoelectronic devices. Originality/value: The aim of this paper is to describe the optical properties of Oxad 6F polymers prepared under different technological conditions.

9

Studying of spin-coated oxad-Si properties

Weszka J., Dobrzański L. A., Jarka P., Jurusik J., Hajduk B., Bruma M., Konieczny J., Mańskowski D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 37, nr 2

505-511

EN

Purpose: The major aim of this paper was describing technical conditions of polymer thin film deposition by spin-coating techniques. Design/methodology/approach: Thin films of about nanometres thickness were prepared by spin-coating and their properties were studied. As a material for preparing polymer thin films oxad-Si was used. The thin films were deposited with various spinning velocity from solution of different concentration. Thin films were deposited on BK7 glass and quartz substrates. Findings: The obtained results describe influence of the solution concentration and spinning velocity on morphology and optical properties of spin-coated oxad-Si thin films. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results confirm the oxad-Si availability for optoelectronic application to be stipulated. Practical implications: The morphology and optical properties of Oxad-Si polymer thin films were described. This paper include also description of the influence of deposition conditions on properties of polymer thin films. Originality/value: The value of this paper is defining the optimal parameters of spin-coating technology for preparing oxad-Si thin film with the best properties for optoelectronics appliances. This paper describes new experimental polymeric material for spin coating technology. Results of these researches enable to develop the spin-coating technology.

10

Influence of LCVD technological parameters on properties of polyazomethine thin films

Hajduk B., Weszka J., Jurusik J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 36, nr 1

41-48

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to show influence of technological parameters (temperature and gas stream intensity) of low-temperature chemical vapour deposition (LCVD) on optical properties and morphology of polyazomethine thin films. Design/methodology/approach: Thin layers of poly (1,4-phenylene-methylenenitrilo-1,4-phenylenenitrilo-methylene) (PPI) were prepared by low temperature LCVD method with use of argon as a transport agent. The UV-Vis spectroscopy and AFM microscopy measurements on PPI thin films were performed. Findings: The LCVD parameters, like temperature and argon stream intensity, influence growth rate, morphology and optical properties of polyazomethine thin films. Optimalization of technical parameters allows for thin films with desired properties to be prepared. Research limitations/implications: Optimalization of technical LCVD parameters leads to preparing PPI thin films having desired morphology and optical properties suitable for optoelectronic applications. Practical implications: PPI polyazomethine is good material for potential applications as the active layer in optoelectronic or photonic structure (diods or photovoltaic cells). Originality/value: LCVD with use of argon is relatively new method for preparing of thin polymer films. Recognizing of optimal technical parameters will make possible getting of thin films with required properties.

11

Formation of the tribological properties of oxide layers.

Kmita T., Skoneczny W.

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

|

2006

|

Vol. 30, nr 2

47-54

EN

The paper presents the problem of the influence of the structure of oxide layers obtained in an electrolytic process on tribological cooperation with constructional materials. Microhardness and abrasion resistance of oxide layers obtained on aluminium alloys by means of hard anodizing depend mainly on their porosity, morphology, surface roughness and layers' thickness. Utilitarian properties of alumina can be controlled to a rarge degree by changing the current and temperature conditions of the process as well as the composition of electrolyte or of the aluminium substrate. A porous oxide layer characterizes with a columnar structure with numerous micro-, macro- and nanopores formed at the contact point of Al203 fibres. Numerous structural and morphological studies conducted by AFM (atom-force microscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) have shown that it is possible to effectively control the number and size of alumina as well as micro- and nanopores. Any changes in the structure translate directly into changes of nanoroughness and porosity of the obtained oxide layers. Micro- and macropores on surfaces can be used as lubrication dispensers at sliding cooperation with modern constructional materials, e.g. TG15 or PEEK/BC. Tribological investigations have shown a dependence of wear intensity and friction factor of the couple: anodic oxide layer/plastic, on the internal structure of the cooperating triboelements.

PL

W pracy omówiono zagadnienie wpływu budowy warstw tlenkowych uzyskiwanych metodą elektrolityczną na procesy współpracy tribologicznej z tworzywami konstrukcyjnymi. Twardość i odporność na ścieranie warstw tlenkowych wytwarzanych na stopach aluminium metodą anodowania twardego zależą od ich porowatości, morfologii i chropowatości powierzchni oraz głębokości tych warstw. Właściwości użytkowe warstw tlenku glinu można kształtować w szerokim zakresie przez zmianę warunków prądowych i temperaturowych procesu anodowania oraz składu chemicznego elektrolitu i podłoża. Porowata warstwa tlenkowa odznacza się kolumnową mikrostrukturą z licznymi mikro-, makro- i nanoporami powstającymi na styku włókien AI2O3. Przeprowadzone badania mikrostruktury z użyciem mikroskopii sił atomowych AFM oraz elektronowej mikroskopii skaningowej SEM wykazały, że można skutecznie kształtować objętość względną i wymiary włókien tlenku glinu oraz mikro- i nanopor. Zmiany morfologiczne mikrostruktury oddziaływają bezpośrednio na zmiany nanochropowatości oraz porowatości uzyskiwanych warstw tlenkowych. Mikro- i makropory na powierzchni mogą pełnić funkcję zasobników smarnych przy współpracy ślizgowej z nowoczesnymi tworzywami konstrukcyjnymi, na przykład TC15 czy PEEK/BC. Badania tribologiczne wykazały zależność intensywności zużywania oraz współczynnika tarcia pary: anodowa warstwa tlenkowa - tworzywo sztuczne od struktury wewnętrznej współpracujących triboelementów.