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1
W czym sieci 5G są lepsze
Kulisiewicz Tomasz
Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
|
2022
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nr 1
3--11
PL
Artykuł jest przeglądem drogi, prowadzonej w sieciach telefonii mobilnej w Polsce od uruchomienia komórkowej sieci analogowej w 1992 r. przez kolejne generacje sieci 2G, 3G i 4G do 5G. Omówiono podstawowe cechy i obszary zastosowań sieci 5G, stan ich wdrożenia oraz perspektywy dalszego rozwoju ku sieci 6G.
EN
The paper is an overview of how the mobile network has developed in Poland, from the deployment of the first analogue network in 1992 through subsequent 2G, 3G, and 4G upgrades, to the current 5G network. The 5G system main characteristics and its areas of deployment are presented. The prospects for further development towards 6G are also sketched out.
2
Content available Characterization of Propagation Models in Wireless Communications for 4G Network
Al-Aamri Nawal, Nadir Zia, Al-Lawati Hassan, Suwailam Mohammed Bait
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
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2022
|
Vol. 68, No. 1
137--143
EN
Estimating the pathloss and signal strength of the transmitted signal at specific distances is one of the main objectives of network designers. This paper aims to provide generalized pathloss models appropriate for urban areas in Muscat the capital city of the Sultanate of Oman environment. The research includes studying different models of pathloss for the 4G cellular network at Muttrah Business District (MBD) at Muscat. Different models (Free Space model, Okumura Hata, Extended Sakagami, Cost231 Hata, ECC-33 Hata – Okumura extended, Ericsson, Egli, and SUI) are used with 800MHz. The results of the prediction models are compared with real measured data by calculating RMSE. The generalized models are created by modified original models to get accepted RMSE values. Different cells at MBD are tested by modified models. The RMSE values are then calculated for verification purposes. To validate the modified pathloss models of 4G, they are also applied at different cells in a different city in the capital. It has approximately the same environment as MBD. The modified pathloss models provided accepted predictions in new locations.
3
Content available Space-Time-Frequency Machine Learning for Improved 4G/5G Energy Detection
Wasilewska Małgorzata, Bogucka Hanna
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
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2020
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Vol. 66, No. 1
217--223
EN
In this paper, the future Fifth Generation (5G New Radio) radio communication system has been considered, coexisting and sharing the spectrum with the incumbent Fourth Generation (4G) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system. The 4G signal presence is detected in order to allow for opportunistic and dynamic spectrum access of 5G users. This detection is based on known sensing methods, such as energy detection, however, it uses machine learning in the domains of space, time and frequency for sensing quality improvement. Simulation results for the considered methods: k-Nearest Neighbor sand Random Forest show that these methods significantly improves the detection probability.
4
Porównanie funkcji wybranych aplikacji mobilnych do ukrywania danych
Staniak Ł., Piotrowski Z.
Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania
|
2018
|
Vol. 59, nr 2
19--22
PL
W artykule przeanalizowano i porównano funkcje wybranych aplikacji mobilnych wykorzystywanych do ukrywania dodatkowych wiadomości na materiale cyfrowym, takim jak: tekst, obraz lub dźwięk. Opisane aplikacje są dostępne w sklepach z aplikacjami mobilnymi dla dwóch wybranych systemów operacyjnych: iOS (Apple) i Android (Google). Aplikacje zostały przetestowane i ocenione pod kątem ich przydatności do celów ochrony treści o charakterze poufnym.
EN
In the article the functions of the selected mobile applications used for hiding additional messages on digital carriers such as text, image or sound were analysed and compared. The applications referred to above are available in mobile application shops for two selected operational systems: iOS (Apple) and Android (Google). The applications have been tested and evaluated in the context of their usefulness for the purposes of protecting contents of confidential nature.
5
Wpływ zmiany przeznaczenia pasma 700 Mhz na inne systemy bezprzewodowe w Polsce
Więcek D., Niewiadomski D., Sobolewski J., Wroński J.
Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
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2016
|
nr 6
421--424, CD
PL
Przeanalizowano wpływ planowanej Decyzji Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady dotyczącej zmiany przeznaczenia pasma 700 MHz (694-790 MHz). Decyzja ta nakazuje państwom członkowskim przeznaczenie pasma 700 MHz na potrzeby systemów komórkowych (4G/5G) co będzie miało istotny wpływ na inne systemy pracujące obecnie w tym paśmie w Polsce tj. naziemną telewizję cyfrową DVBT, mikrofony bezprzewodowe i inne urządzenia wspomagające produkcję programów (PMSE) a także na nowy rynek systemów białych przestrzeni widma pasm TV (TV White Spaces).
EN
Influence of the European Parliament and of the Council Decision on 700 MHz band (694-790 MHz) allocation change was analyzed. The Decision order EU countries for allocation of this frequency range for mobile cellular systems (4G/5G) which have significant influence on existing wireless systems in Poland: digital broadcasting (DVB-T), radio microphones and other wireless systems: supporting programme making and special events (PMSE) as well as new potential wireless market based on the TV White Space applications.
6
Content available Possibilities to Optimize QoS with Next SON Versions
Langer M.
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
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2015
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nr 1
27--31
EN
The paper discusses quality of service in LTE and LTE-A networks seen as a challenge that can be met with Self-Organizing Networks (SON) functionalities. The SON concepts have been included in the LTE (E-UTRAN) standards since the first release of the LTE technology. Self-optimization functionalities will monitor and analyze performance measurements, notifications, and self-test results and will automatically trigger re-configuration actions on the affected network nodes when necessary. The SON specifications have been built over the existing 3GPP network management architecture, the ultimate implementation of SON in 4G networks will bring many advantages. Successive SON procedures are waiting for their time and money to be implemented in 4G, though some essential issues for example of inter Radio Access Technology (RAT) interfaces must be overworked.
7
Content available Quality management in 4G wireless networking technology allows to attend high-quality users
Langer M.
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
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2013
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nr 3
48--55
EN
The 4G networks are all-IP based heterogeneous networks that allow users to use any system at anytime and anywhere, and support a variety of personalized, multimedia applications such as multimedia conferencing, video phones, video/movie-on-demand, education-on-demand, streaming media, multimedia messaging, etc. Personalized services should be supported by personal mobility capability, which concentrates on the movement of users instead of users’ terminals. As the technology matures, traffic congestion increases, and competitive pressures mount, QoS and policy management will become more and more important. Also the users come with a number of new requirements on connectivity, and D2D networking technology must follow the idea of “Internet of things”. Operators must make sure they are working with vendors that have a strong framework to supply end-to-end QoS and are capable of supporting evolving needs. The paper discusses qualitative and quantitative indicators of telecommunication services. Main challenges that need to be addressed by nowadays and future systems are shown, and within them the massive growth in traffic volume and in the number of connected devices seems to play the most key role.
8
System LTE w świetle zaleceń 3GPP
Długosz T., Michałek G.
Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
|
2009
|
nr 9
1935-1938
PL
Przedstawiono krótką charakterystykę systemu LTE. Omówiono architekturę, część radiową oraz usługi, które mogą być w niej realizowane. Pracę oparto na najnowszych zaleceniach organizacji standaryzacyjnej 3GPP.
EN
This paper presents short description of LTE system. Architecture of system, radio network and services offered in LTE were discussed. The article is based on the newest recommendations of 3GPP.
9
Komunikacja bezprzewodowa - spojrzenie poza 3G
Kumar V.
Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
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2001
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nr 7
471-475
PL
Przedyskutowano aspekty związane z wprowadzeniem systemów komunikacji nowej generacji - Beyond 3G. Przedstawiono różne problemy związane z opracowywaniem tych systemów.
EN
Aspects concerning introduction of new generation communication systems Beyond 3G are discussed. Problems connected with new generation communication systems' development are presented.
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