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Applying blended foresight methods for revealing incentives and future strategies of key national innovation system players

Chulok Alexander

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2021

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Vol. 13, no. 4

160--173

EN

The paper aims to develop and apply a methodological approach that could help to reveal incentives and future strategies of key National Innovation System (NIS) players considering the influence of global social, economic, scientific, technological and ecological trends. To fulfil this aim, a blended foresight methodology was applied, grounded on the platform of economic and classic foresight theory and considering four possible directions for using foresight methods: investigating and building a common vision; supporting evidence-based decisions; promoting communication and participation; inducing transformation and integration into the decision-making process. The main results and findings of the research include a list of 19 global trends, defined from literature analysis and the author’s expert knowledge, a short description of their influence on key NIS players, including society, business, infrastructure and institutions, science, education and government; and mapping more than 35 different foresight methods that could be used for revealing incentives and future strategies of key NIS players. The article’s theoretical contribution to economic theory consists of several parts. First, a NIS conception is examined through the prism of global trends and a dynamic aspect, whereas it is mostly investigated from statistical and static perspectives. Second, applying foresight as an instrument for researching NIS as a system is a developing academic area with some theoretical gaps, considered in this article by designing a conceptional research framework. Third, blending different foresight methods is always a craft, and the approach applied in this article contributes to it. Finally, the article presents several important trends which will appear in NIS and its key players’ transformation in the nearest 5–10 years. From practical implications, this article could be useful for proactive policymakers in the field of science, technology and innovation policy at national and regional levels for designing and providing measures for supporting innovation systems effectively. Foresight practitioners and experts are offered useful, practical ideas of different foresight methods and their possible combinations for everyday activities.

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Nonwovens: Global Trends in World Economy, European Foreign Trade, and Selected Case Studies from Poland and Asian Brics Countries

Wysokińska Zofia, Czajkowski Tomasz, Grabowska Katarzyna

Autex Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 4

382--414

EN

Nonwovens are one of the most versatile textile materials and have become increasingly popular in almost all sectors of the economy due to their low manufacturing costs and unique properties. In the next few years, the world market of nonwovens is predicted to grow by 7%–8% annually (International Nonwovens & Disposables Association [INDA], European Disposables and Nonwovens Association [EDANA], and Markets and Markets). This article aims to analyze the most recent trends in the global export and import of nonwovens, to present two case studies of Polish companies that produce them, and to present one special case study of the market of nonwoven geotextiles in China and India, which are the Asian transition economies among the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa).

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Światowe trendy w ograniczaniu emisji samochodowej i ich wpływ na rozwój napędów pojazdów, paliw, olejów silnikowych i metod badawczych – znaczenie globalne nowych regulacji ograniczania emisji WLTP i RDE – podsumowanie „6th International Exhaust Emissions Symposium (IEES)”

Bielaczyc P.

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2018

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nr 21-22

25--30

PL

Jednym z głównych, globalnych czynników, które wpływają na rozwój układów napędowych pojazdów samochodowych, są obecnie trendy w zmianach światowych norm i metodyk badawczych emisji spalin, spowodowane rzeczywistą emisją związków szkodliwych spalin z samochodów w czasie ich eksploatacji i metodami jej ograniczenia. Wprowadzenie nowych norm emisji w krajach Unii Europejskiej określanych jako Euro 6d, zawierających nowe metodyki badawcze WLTP i RDE, jest poważnym wyzwaniem dla przemysłu motoryzacyjnego, ze względu na trudności techniczne oraz czynniki polityczne i socjologiczne. Problem ograniczenia emisji gazów cieplarnianych, szczególnie dwutlenku węgla, emitowanych przez pojazdy drogowe, pozostaje również ważnym czynnikiem, ze względu na wpływ na globalne ocieplenie klimatu. Nowe normy emisji muszą być spełnione w szerokim zakresie warunków otoczenia i w rzeczywistej eksploatacji pojazdu na drodze. Ta problematyka i metody rozwoju układów napędowych pojazdów samochodowych były prezentowane i dyskutowane w czasie 6. Międzynarodowego Sympozjum Ograniczania Emisji z Pojazdów Samochodowych zorganizowanego przez Instytut BOSMAL w Bielsko-Białej. Podczas obrad dokonano syntezy obecnego i przyszłego statusu oraz rozwoju silników spalinowych, napędów hybrydowych i elektrycznych i tego, co najbliższe lata mogą przynieść w tej dziedzinie.

EN

Among the drivers influencing vehicular powertrain development, the field of vehicular exhaust emissions is experiencing wide-ranging and rapid changes. New emissions regulations such as Euro 6d and new test methods (RDE and WLTP) are the main challenges for the automotive industry caused by political, socioeconomic and technical factors. Air quality is very high on the political agenda and pressure remains to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the road transport sector. In addition to limits becoming increasingly stringent, the list of parameters subject to legal limits are slowly expanding and, most importantly, these limits must be met under a wide range of conditions. A range of strategies are available to overcome these difficulties, which was explored during the 6th International Exhaust Emissions Symposium (IEES) hosted at BOSMAL in June 2018. This paper reports and summarises the topics of the 6th IEES and attempts a synthesis on the current status of the field of IC engines, hybrid powertrains and electric vehicles and what the coming years may hold for the automotive and fuel industries and other allied fields.

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Światowe trendy w dziedzinie papierów graficznych

Graczyk T.

Przegląd Papierniczy

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2018

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R. 74, nr 12

753--755