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EN
Portugal as a country of outstanding geological interest was the goal of a scientific expedition of the Polish Salt Mining Association in September 2019. The paper presents the outline of the geology of Portugal, especially the Lusitanian and Algarve sedimentary basins, and the main geological sites along the route of the expedition, i.e. sites documenting stratigraphy and tectonics of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic formations on the central-western and southern Atlantic coast, sites related to the occurrence of salt diapirs and salt tectonics, salines and monuments of nature with preserved dinosaur footprints. Moreover, as Portugal is a country of high seismic activity, the history of the largest earthquake in historical times in the Lower Tagus Valley is presented.
EN
Two dinosaur footprints: Eubrontes cf. giganteus and Grallator tenuis, both attributed to theropods, have been found in the Lower Jurassic Thaiat Member of the Lathi Formation at the Thaiat ridge, near Jaisalmer in western Rajasthan, India. The footprints were left in sediments of a tidal origin, located in profile a few meters above a marked transgressive/flooding surface. They show different states of preservation – the smaller Grallator tenuis represents a well-preserved concave epirelief footprint on the upper surface of a sandstone containing nerineid gastropod shells, while the bigger Eubrontes cf. giganteus footprint shows a rare state of preservation as a positive epirelief on the top of a calcareous sandstone bed, where recent erosion exposed the footprint cast by removing the mud above and around the footprint. The Thaiat ridge section has been amended in its lower part, to indicate the marked transgressive surface. Geochemical analyses and calculated weathering indices (such as CIA) show that the hinterland climate was seasonal to semi-arid during deposition of that part of the succession.
EN
New Lower Jurassic material of dinosaur tracks has been found in the coastal siliciclastic and fluvial deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains (HCMts.), Poland. Three poorly preserved specimens of small to medium-sized theropod dinosaur footprints, assigned to cf. Grallator isp. and cf. Anchisauripus isp.,were found in the Sinemurian deposits exposed in the Starachowice outcrop. Sixteen specimens of dinosaur tracks, referred to ichnotaxa cf. Grallator isp., Anchisauripus isp., cf. Kayentapus isp., cf. Moyenisauropus isp., Theropoda indet., and Dinosauria indet., have been found in the upper Hettangian deposits of the Przysucha Ore-Bearing Formation and the Lower Sinemurian Ostrowiec Formation exposed near Żarnów (Paszkowice and Żarnów sites) in the northwestern part of the HCMts. Dinosaur footprints (cf. Anchisauripus isp., cf. Kayentapus isp.; and cf. Moyenisauropus isp.) and non-dinosaur tracks were found at the Bielowice site, known also as Wólka Karwicka near Opoczno. Interesting large ornithischian footprint (cf. Moyenisauropus isp.) and small-medium theropod footprints (Anchisauripus isp.) were found in the Zagaje Formation of Chyby near Mniów. Ornithischian dinosaur tracks similar to Moyenisauropus were also found in Skłoby Formation at Szwarszowice near Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski. The last finds reported herein, the well preserved specimens of Anomoepus, Anchisauripus, Eubrontes and Kayentapus-like footprints, came from the new tracksite of Szydłówek. Tracks made by large theropods (cf. Megalosauripus isp.) and sauropods were also found at this site. The material came from the strata representing a large barrier-lagoon/deltaic sequence. These new finds confirm that the barrier-lagoonal association of theropod dinosaurs of the Lower Jurassic of the HCMts. is characterised by dominance of small and medium-sized forms but contains also prints made by larger animals. The analysis of the Liassic ichnocenosis suggests that Anchisauripus was a facies-independent ichnotaxon. In the Lower Jurassic of Poland this ichnogenus was identified in the fluvial (aluvial-plain), deltaic (delta-plain), and barier-lagoonal deposits.
EN
New gigantic theropod dinosaur footprints were discovered in the upper Pliensbachian deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland). This discovery provides new ichnological evidence for the global occurrence of gigantic predatory dinosaurs in the earliest Jurassic time. Interestingly, this is the third find of gigantic theropod ichnites in the Lower Jurassic of Poland. The first record of gigantic tracks from this area came from the well-known lower Hettangian tracksite in Sołtyków. New finds from the Szydłówek quarry were discovered in siliciclastic strata, which are interpreted as nearshore, shoreface and marginal marine. Hitherto, five isolated specimens of gigantic theropod footprints (40–60 cm long) were found in this tracksite. Another large theropod footprints (30–40 cm) identified at Szydłówek, resemble classic theropod ichnotaxa of the Newark Supergroup (i.e., Eubrontes). Intriguing gigantic theropod ichnites from the Holy Cross Mountains are more similar to large prints left byMiddle and Late Jurassic theropods than to those from the Early Jurassic. These footprints seem even larger because of their large metatarsophalangeal area. Relatively large metatarsophalangeal area is often observed in the large theropod footprints from the post-Liassic strata. New paleoichnological finds from Poland suggest rapid increase of predatory dinosaur body size in Early Jurassic time.
EN
Four ichnotypes of theropod dinosaur tracks (described in this paper as cf. Grallator isp., Anchisauripus isp., cf. Eubrontes isp., and Theropoda indet.) were identified in the middle-upper Rhaetian deposits exposed in the Seebergen quarry located near Kammerbruch in the Thuringia Basin, Central Germany. This new paleoichnological find is very important for understanding of diversity and composition of the latest Triassic (Rhaetian) vertebrate assemblages (especially dinosaur assemblages), what is essential for studies on the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic faunal change.
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