Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Stabilność składu ścieków syntetycznych zasilających laboratoryjne systemy osadu czynnego

Szulc P., Walkoska S., Dymaczewski Z.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2018

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Nr 12

447--452

PL

W badaniach procesów oczyszczania ścieków często stosuje się ścieki syntetyczne o różnym składzie. Na stabilność ich składu, pomiędzy przygotowaniem a wprowadzeniem do badanego układu, wpływ mają różne czynniki środowiskowe. W pracy przeprowadzono badania trwałości wybranych ścieków syntetycznych pod względem wstępnej obróbki termicznej oraz temperatury przechowywania. Badano próbki sterylizowane, pasteryzowane i niepoddane wstępnej obróbce, przechowywane w temperaturze 5, 10 i 20°C. Każda seria pomiarowa trwała 7 dni. Próbki pobierano raz dziennie i analizowano pod kątem ChZT całkowitego i rozpuszczonego, różnych form azotu oraz liczby bakterii mezo- i psychrofilnych. Stwierdzono, że obydwa czynniki mają wpływ na biodegradację ścieków syntetycznych. Najlepszy efekt uzyskano dla ścieków sterylizowanych i przechowywanych w temperaturze 5°C. Całkowicie zadowalające wyniki uzyskano również w przypadku ścieków pasteryzowanych, przechowywanych w tej samej temperaturze.

EN

Synthetic sewage of varied composition is widely used in wastewater treatment studies. The influence of preparation method and storage temperature on the stability of one selected synthetic wastewater type was investigated. Three different pre-treatment options were analysed: sterilization process, pasteurization, and a test that has not undergone any thermal action. All research series lasted 7 days. At this time, samples were taken every 24 hours. COD-dissolved, total COD, concentration of N-NH4+ and N-NO3· as well as number of meso- and psychrophilic bacteria were measured daily. N-total - each three days. The results show that both the storage temperature and the preparation method have a significant impact on the synthetic wastewater stability. Achievement of the most desired effect of parameters constancy was recorded at 5°C combined with sample sterilization. Satisfactory results were also obtained for pasteurized wastewater and stored at 5°C what makes a great practical importance.

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Removal of biogens from synthetic wastewater by microalgae

Zabochnicka-Świątek M., Malińska K., Krzywonos M.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 40, nr 2

87--104

EN

Removal of biogens (P, N) from synthetic wastewater by microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was investigated. The study was carried out under static conditions (batch tests). Significant differences were found in the removal of nutrients by algae. The removal of biogens was >50% for ammonium ions and >80% for nitrates and phosphates. N and P removal through assimilation by microalgal C. vulgaris species can be considered an ecological alternative for current methods applied for removal of these substances from wastewater. It seems that using algae for N and P removal from wastewater can be affordable in comparison to other methods. The efficiency of biogens removal depends on the type of a biogen to be removed and the concentration of N and P in solutions. Optimization of N:P ratio can have some positive influence on the removal of biogens from wastewater by C. vulgaris.

3

Destabilization of model wastewater in the chemical coagulation process

Smoczyński L., Muńska K. T., Kosobucka M., Pierożyński B., Wardzyńska R., Załęska-Chróst B.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2014

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Vol. 21, nr 2

269--279

EN

This paper discusses the results of laboratory analyses of the coagulation and flocculation of model wastewater. The investigated wastewater was susceptible to treatment by chemical coagulation. The effectiveness of two commercial coagulants, PAC produced at the DEMPOL-ECO Chemical Plant and PIX manufactured by KEMIPOL, was compared. A mathematical model relying on a second-degree polynomial was used to describe and analyze experimental data. In each case, the parabola minimum point was a precisely determined coagulant dose, regarded as the optimal dose. The application of a coagulant dose higher than the optimal dose reduced the effectiveness of wastewater treatment by coagulation. A detailed analysis of turbidity, suspended solids, total phosphorus and pollutant removal measured by the COD test revealed that PAC was a more effective and a more efficient coagulant than PIX. The risk of coagulant overdosing was greater with the use of PAC than PIX.

PL

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono, opisano i zinterpretowano wyniki badań laboratoryjnych procesu koagulacji-flokulacji ścieków modelowych. Zastosowane ścieki modelowe okazały się podatne na oczyszczanie metodą koagulacji chemicznej. Zastosowano i porównano dwa komercyjne koagulanty: PAC - wyprodukowany w zakładach chemicznych DEMPOL-ECO oraz PIX - wyprodukowany przez firmę KEMIPOL. Do przedstawienia i analizy uzyskanej bazy danych doświadczalnych z powodzeniem zastosowano model matematyczny w postaci wielomianu drugiego stopnia. Minimum takiej paraboli każdorazowo stanowiła dawka koagulantu precyzyjnie obliczana i traktowana jako dawka optymalna. Zastosowanie wyższej, aniżeli optymalna, dawki koagulantu prowadziło każdorazowo do obniżenia stopnia oczyszczenia koagulowanych ścieków. Szczegółowa analiza wyników usuwania mętności, zawiesin, fosforu ogólnego i zanieczyszczeń określanych w skali ChZT pokazała, że PAC skuteczniej i wydajniej, aniżeli PIX, koagulował badane ścieki modelowe. Jednakże zagrożenie tzw. przedawkowania koagulantu okazało się większe ze strony PAC-u aniżeli przy wykorzystaniu PIX-u.

4

Usuwanie ortofosforanów ze ścieków syntetycznych o neutralnym i alkalicznym odczynie z wykorzystaniem metody roztwarzania metali i elektrokoagulacji

Wysocka I., Kisielewska M., Rynkiewicz M. R., Konopka S.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2013

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Tom 15, cz. 3

2725--2737

EN

The main objective of this paper was to compare efficiency of electrocoagulation and metal dissolution methods in orthophosphate removal from synthetic wastewater at 7.0 and 8.0 pH. The research was conducted with usage of steel electrodes with 1414 cm2 contact surface, which were corroding and releasing iron ions responsible for orthophosphate precipitation. The electrocoagulation process with alkaline wastewater (8.0 pH) was additionally using a direct electrical current with intensity of 0.1 A and voltage of 1.5 V. Changes of the pH value, orthophosphate and iron ions content were also measured. Obtained results show, that wastewater treatment from orthophosphate with electrocoagulation takes place much faster than with metal dissolution method. Complete orthophosphate removal (starting concentration was 10.5 mg P/dm3) with electrocoagulation process occurred after 415 minutes of research, when metal dissolution method obtained the same effect after 1445 minutes. In the wastewater with starting 7.0 pH and with electrocoagulation, the total dephosphatation occurred after 1440 min, but the metal dissolution method after this time ensure only 37% reduction in the orthophosphate concentration. The pH value of treated wastewater increased during the every study. The most noticeable increase was while using electrocoagulation process, which attained 11.1 pH (wastewater with starting 8.0 pH) and 10.8 pH (wastewater with starting 7.0 pH) after 1440 minutes. Applying the metal dissolution method increase in pH was lower, was respectively 8.8 pH and 8.6 pH. Concentration of iron ions concentration also increased in treated wastewater. In the wastewater with starting 8.0 pH, from 0.00 mg Fe/dm3 to 0.16 mg Fe/dm3 with metal dissolution method and 0.00 mg Fe/dm3 to 0.46 mg Fe/dm3 with electrocoagulation. In the wastewater with starting 7.0 pH, the maximum observed total iron concentration was 0.04 mg Fe/dm3. Electrocoagulation method turned out to be more effective in orthophosphate removal from wastewater than metal dissolution method, which occurred in shorter time needed for dephosphatation. However it requires a more consumables funding related to the use of energy and electrodes wearing faster.