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2 Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2 2022

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Features of the Assimilation Surface of Sweet Cherry Trees of Different Ripening Terms

Shubenko Lidiia A., Shokh Svitlana S., Pavlichenko Andrii A., Karpuk Lesia M., Prymak Ivan D., Filipova Larysa M., Titarenko Oksana S., Strutynska Yulia V.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 4

101--106

The article presents the results of a study of the assimilation surface of sweet cherry trees of different pomological cultivars. The aim of the research was to study the morphological and varietal characteristics of the deciduous cover of sweet cherry trees, depending on the timing of fruit ripening. As a result of observations and analysis, the morphological features of the leaf apparatus of trees, leaf area and total leaf surface were determined as one of the main indicators of the photosynthetic potential of fruit trees. It was established that a characteristic feature of the varieties Turquoise, Drogana yellow and Donetsk coal was an increase in the area of the leaf blade with the age of the trees. Sweet cherry cultivars of late ripening were characterized by a smaller area of the leaf blade compared to cultivars of early and medium maturity. The size of the leaf blade did not depend on the strength of the growth of the fruit tree. A vigorous cultivar Mliyevska yellow and medium-sized Mirage had the maximum area of the leaf blade. The smallest size was found in the undersized variety Turquoise and medium-sized Alionushka.The area of the leaf blade significantly depended on the pomological cultivar of sweet cherry trees, scab damage and freezing of the trees. It was established that with age, the volume of fruit tree crowns of the cultivars of different ripening terms slightly increased. This was most clearly expressed for the Amazon cultivar, where the increase in crown volume was 11.96 m3, and the smallest increase was for the Donetsk coal cultivar – 1.0 m3. A high degree of land area development was inherent in trees with more spreading crowns. The varieties Amazonka, Dar Mliyeva and Aborihenka have mastered the feeding area allocated by the planting scheme more effectively. The activity of the passage of photosynthesis processes and the productivity of plantations at the age of 6-8 years were negatively affected by the low area of deciduous cover of sweet cherry plantations – 14-35% of the optimal one.

Chickpea Varieties Productivity Depending on Combination of Different Sowing Methods and Sowing Rate in the Eastern Forests Steppe of Ukraine

Rozhkov Arthur O., Karpuk Lesia M., Voropai Yuliia V., Popov Serhii I., Polyakov Oleksandr I., Chigrin Olha V., Potashova Larysa M., Gepenko Oleksandra V., Rumbakh Mykhailo Yu.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 1

88--101

The article presents the results of four-year studies on the influence of various combinations of the seeding rate and row-spacing width on plants productivity and grain cropping capacity of chickpea varieties in the conditions of Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The highest productivity of chickpea plants of Budzhak and Odyssey varieties was formed on variants with the lowest seeding rate in combination with 15 cm row-spacing. In this variant plant nutrition area was close to the square with the sides ratio 1.0:1.1. At the same time, through the smaller number of plants per unit of area, the grain yield in this variant was significantly inferior to the variants with a higher seeding rate. Two better combination of the seeding rate and row-spacing width were distinguished which ensure the formation of the highest cropping capacity of both chickpea varieties. This is combination of 800 thousand pieces/ha seeding rate with 15 cm row-spacing and 700 thousand pieces/ha seeding rate with 30 cm row-spacing. On mentioned variants, the grain yield of Budzhak variety was 2.34 and 2.44 t/ha respectively, and the grain yield of Odyssey variety - 2.61 and 2.51 t/ha.