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Skały silikoklastyczne triasu i jury niecki łódzko-miechowskiej w aspekcie rozwoju ich przestrzeni porowej

Kuberska Marta, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Wołkowicz Krystyna

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 4

212--218

EN

Triassic and Jurassic siliciclastic rocks from boreholes drilled in the Łódź and Miechów troughs to the SW of the Mid Polish Anticlinorium have been subjected to petrologic studies. The are represented by claystones, mudstones, sandstones, and less frequently by conglomerates. The studies shows that the filtration and reservoir properties of the Triassic deposits not good due to diagenetic processes (compaction, cementation, replacement, dissolution). Only some Lower Triassic sandstones, occurring among others, as intelayers, display increased values of permeability and porosity (to about 27 vol. %). The best properties are display ed by sandstones from the Brzegi IG 1 borehole, in which macropore intergranular space is present. The Lower Jurassic rocks are characterized by the best properties within the Jurassic complex. They show increased values of mostly secondary porosity, which results from the dissolution of grains and cements. The pore space is developed homogenously. It has a micropore character in the Middle and Upper Jurassic deposits.

2

Charakterystyka petrograficzno-mineralogiczna nowo rozpoznanych horyzontów tufowych z ogniwa Kłodnicy (turnej, wizen) w basenie lubelskim oraz towarzyszących im zlepieńców i piaskowców wulkanoklastycznych

Kozłowska Aleksandra, Waksmundzka Maria I.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 4

207--11

EN

The purpose of the study was petrographic-mineralogical analysis of volcaniclastic rocks occurring in the Lublin Basin, within the K³odnica Member (Tournaisian, Visean), in seven boreholes. Its results were linked with the results of sedimentological and sequence stratigraphy studies to reconstruct the genesis of the sediments, as well as spatial and age relationships. Fine and coarse ash tuffs were identified, whose composition indicates acidic and alkaline volcanism. Accompanying volcaniclastic conglomerates and sandstones were formed mainly in the Tournaisian, before volcanic activity began. These sediments fill incised valleys, and belong to the oldest Carboniferous sedimentary filling of the Lublin Basin.

3

Analysis of the Impact of Stormwater Systems on Receiving Waters Based on the Analysis of Algal Community Structure

Kozłowska Aleksandra, Wojtaś Edyta, Piłat-Rożek Magdalena, Cybulski Michał, Łagód Grzegorz

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

139--147

EN

One of the important ways to prevent permanent environmental pollution is to constantly monitor its quality, which can be performed in several ways. The present bioindication study analyzed the level of diversity and abundance of biofilm microorganism communities, which illustrate the state of the studied aquatic environment, enabling to determine its quality. The impact of stormwater discharge on the receiver at particular points was evaluated on the basis of the reaction of selected microorganisms or their groups to the substances appearing in the watercourse. The study of indicator organisms gives information about the waters of a given body of water without expensive hydrochemical tests and without causing a burden on the environment during the production as well as disposal of reagents that are consumed in many classical physicochemical analyses. On the basis of selected algal species, the Shannon index and McArthur index were calculated, and the effect of storm sewer discharge on the communities of indicator organisms was determined. The best visible impact of storm sewer discharge was seen on the basis of the entire study cycle in relation to the median of the McArthur index.

4

Złoża kimberlitowe i aluwialne w rejonie Kimberley : 155 lat od odkrycia diamentów w Afryce Południowej

Jarmolowicz-Szulc Katarzyna, Kozłowska Aleksandra

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 3

174--178

EN

For 155 years, the world's most famous diamond deposits have been known from South Africa. The first discoveries that had a casual character took place in the second half of the 19th century in the Kimberley region where diamonds are associated either with kimberlite pipes or occur as secondary deposits of the river alluvia. Minerals that formed in the upper mantle under high p-T conditions were transported to the surface by magmas and deposited around craters due to lava explosions. Surfice waters leached and transported diamonds either to the crater or to the neighbourhood. These processes have led to diamond production both from the deep and open-pit mines which is presented in the paper.

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Skały osadowe czerwonego spągowca w wierceniu Kutno 2 w warunkach postulowanego jurajskiego wydarzenia termicznego oraz wysokich nadciśnień : studium petrograficzne

Kuberska Marta, Kiersnowski Hubert, Poprawa Paweł, Kozłowska Aleksandra

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 6

365--373

EN

A highs ignifance of the Kutno 2 deep borehole is due to its location in the central zone of the Polish Basin where the Rotliegend complex has previously never been achieved by other drill holes and thus was not recognized and studied. Drill core from the Rotligend of the Kutno2 has been recently studied for its petrography and facies. The Rotligend in this zone is represented by fluvial and alluvial sediments. It is composed mainly of fine- to coarse-grained sandstones, with conglomerate inter beds. Diagenetic processes of the sediments have been dominated by mechanical and chemical compaction, as well as by transformation of the unstable mineral components. Fluid inclusion analysis for quartz and carbonates indicates that the diagenesis-associated temperature reached 120-180°C. The presence of haematite pseudomorphoses after framboidal pyrite indicates an extremely high palaeotemperature of approx. 500°C. Itis related here to the Jurassic hydrothermal event. The recent very high reservoir pressure might be associated with high temperatures due to the aqua thermal pressure mechanism.

6

Charakterystyka mikrolitofacji oraz warunków paleotemperaturowych skał ediakaru w otworze wiertniczym Bibiela PIG-1

Kuberska Marta, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Sikorska-Jaworowska Magdalena, Grotek Izabella

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 6

374--378

EN

The paper presents results of new petrographic and mineralogical analyses of Ediacaran clastic rocksin the Bibiela PIG-1 borehole drilled in 2016. Three types of microlithofacies have been distinguished. The basic types of rocks are siltstones and claystones containing thin layers of mudstones. Breccia is common, while sandstones form thin packages. The Ediacaran rocks are cut by numerous veins that intersect each other. They are filled with carbonates, quartz, chlorites and kaolinite. Ankerite, Fe-dolomite, dolomite, Mg-siderite (sideroplesite, pistomesite, metisite), Mn-siderite (manganosiderite) and Fe/Mn-calcite were identified among the carbonate minerals. Vitrinite reflectance index Ro (1.68%), Kübler index KI (0.72 to 1.10 Δo2ϴ CuK2) and smectite content (10-25%) in the mixed-layer illite/smectite indicate that the Ediacaran rocks in the Bibiela PIG-1 borehole have been altered under the conditions of late diagenesis at the maximum temperature estimated at approx. 160oC

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Petrographic characteristics of the Ordovician and Silurian deposits in the Baltic Basin (N Poland) and their relevance for unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations

Kuberska Marta, Sikorska-Jaworowska Magdalena, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Podhalańska Teresa

Geological Quarterly

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2021

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Vol. 65, No. 3

art. no. 44

EN

The Ordovician and Silurian deposits in the Baltic Basin are represented by siltstones, mudstones, limestones, marls, sandstones and, most commonly, claystones with a markedly shaley structure. Claystones that are particularly rich in organic matter are considered as potential reservoirs for shale gas accumulations. Samples from 11 boreholes, including core samples of the Piaśnica, Słuchowo, Kopalino, Sasino, Prabuty, Jantar, Pelplin and locally Pasłęk, Kociewie and Puck formations, were analysed by optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence (CL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD). The Piaśnica, Sasino, Jantar, Pasłęk and Pelplin formations are characterized locally by a dominance of black bituminous claystones with a high content of organic matter, and a generally consistent clay mineral composition. Individual samples only show variations in silt fraction and carbonate content. Very important is the negligible proportion of swelling minerals in the clay fraction; the percentage of smectite in the mixed-layered illite/smectite minerals does not exceed 15%. It is important for the rocks to have adequate [SiO2 >10%; Quartz (Q) + Feldspars (Fs) + Carbonates >40%] brittleness. The content of quartz, feldspars and carbonates (here >40%) suggests that the claystones are susceptible to hydraulic fracturing. The claystones show micropores between detrital grains, between the flakes of clay minerals, within pyrite framboids, and organic matter and secondary micropores within grains.

8

Mechanical stability of retained austenite in aluminum-containing medium-Mn steel deformed at different temperatures

Kozłowska Aleksandra, Radwański Krzysztof, Matus Krzysztof, Samek Ludovic, Grajcar Adam

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 1

324--338

EN

The thermal and mechanical stabilities of retained austenite in aluminum-containing medium-Mn 0.16C–4.7Mn–1.6Al–0.2Si sheet steel were investigated. The strain-induced martensitic transformation in Mn TRIP steel was studied at different temperatures. Static tensile tests were carried out at the temperature ranging from − 60 to 200 °C. The tests allowed to study the influence of the temperature on austenite-to-martensite transformation kinetics. The interrupted tensile tests and corresponding X-ray measurements of retained austenite amount were performed to determine the mechanical stability of retained austenite using the Sugimoto model. The microstructure changes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Observed results reflected the effects of deformation temperature on the mechanical stability of retained austenite and the corresponding response of this phase to martensitic transformation. It was found that an increase in the deformation temperature resulted in the reduced intensity of the TRIP effect due to the higher mechanical stability of retained austenite. At the highest deformation temperature (200 °C), the evidence of thermally activated processes affecting the mechanical behavior was identified.

9

Mechanical and thermal stability of retained austenite in plastically deformed bainite-based TRIP-aided medium-Mn steels

Kozłowska Aleksandra, Grajcar Adam, Janik Aleksandra, Radwański Krzysztof, Krupp Ulrich, Matus Krzysztof, Morawiec Mateusz

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 3

807--820

EN

Advanced medium-Mn sheet steels show an opportunity for the development of cost-effective and light-weight automotive parts with improved safety and optimized environmental performance. These steels utilize the strain-induced martensitic transformation of metastable retained austenite to improve the strength–ductility balance. The improvement of mechanical performance is related to the tailored thermal and mechanical stabilities of retained austenite. The mechanical stability of retained austenite was estimated in static tensile tests over a wide temperature range from 20 °C to 200 °C. The thermal stability of retained austenite during heating at elevated temperatures was assessed by means of dilatometry. The phase composition and microstructure evolution were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. It was shown that the retained austenite stability shows a pronounced temperature dependence and is also stimulated by the manganese addition in a 3–5% range.

10

A putative Tournaisian and Visean volcanic-sedimentary succession in the Lublin Basin, SE Poland: depositional processes, petrological characteristics and sequence stratigraphy

Waksmundzka Maria I., Kozłowska Aleksandra, Pańczyk Magdalena

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2021

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Vol. 71, no. 3

305--344

EN

The aim of this study was to establish the stratigraphic extent of a putative Tournaisian Stage within the Carboniferous succession in the Lublin Basin. The oldest part of the succession, known as the Huczwa Formation and comprising depositional sequences 1-4, was investigated based on lithofacies analysis, sequence stratigraphy and petrographic studies. The article provides descriptions of depositional sequences, parasequences (cyclothems) and lithofacies that were formed in a range of environments (elements of depositional architecture) and as a result of volcanic processes - lava and pyroclastic eruptions and chemical weathering of their products. Correlation of the sequence stratigraphy to the West European and global Carboniferous chronostratigraphic divisions, as well as to the Khoriv suite in the Lviv-Volyn Basin in adjacent Ukraine, indicates a putative late Tournaisian age for sequence 1, and a late Visean age for sequences 2-4. There is a stratigraphic gap between sequences 1 and 2, spanning probably the uppermost Tournaisian and the lower and middle Visean. The upper Tournaisian is represented by the FRST-LST deposits of sequence 1, comprising mainly volcaniclastic conglomerates and sandstones developed in braided-river channels and incised valleys with hyperconcentrated flow processes. These deposits are represented by polymictic paraconglomerate and lithic/sublithic/subarkose arenites or sublithic wackes, and contain predominantly grains of acidic and alkaline volcanic and igneous rocks. This material probably came from the Łuków-Wisznice Elevation and the Volynian Polesia region, located to the NE and E of the Lublin Basin. In the uppermost part of sequence 1, volcanic rocks and tuffs appear which developed during the activity of at least three volcanic cones in the Lublin Basin. The volcanoes were the source of alkaline lavas in the central and SW areas of the basin, and of acidic lavas in the SE area, previously undescribed. The Visean sequences 2-4 consist of the FRST-LST sediments deposited within incised valleys. The TST and HST deposits accumulated mainly in a shallow ramp-type carbonate shelf, shallow clayey shelf and deltaic environments.

11

Studium petrologiczno-mineralogiczno-geochemiczne skał w profilu dolomitu głównego w otworze Mo-1

Jarmołowicz-Szulc Katarzyna, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Kuberska Marta, Matyasik Irena

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 10

780--792

EN

Rocks from the Mo-1 well from the Barnówko-Mostno-Buszewo (BMB) oil and gas field have been studied aiming at constructive results for application in exploration for oil and gas. The study focuses on carbonate deposits from the Main Dolomite horizon, commonly diagenetically altered, where the pore space has been filled by dolomite and anhydrite. Standard petrological analysis was conducted, wide fluid inclusion analyses performed and geochemical character of bitumen determined. Based on microscopic fluorescence studies, three types of fluid inclusions have been distinguished in the vertical column of the well: one-phase non-fluorescent (methane), two-phase non-fluorescent (brine), and two-phase fluorescent inclusions (oil). These three types, further studied microthermometrically, display characteristics of fluid fillings present in the basin and closed as the inclusions in minerals.

12

Diagenesis, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir quality of the Carboniferous deposits of the southeastern Lublin Basin (SE Poland)

Kozłowska Aleksandra, Waksmundzka Maria I.

Geological Quarterly

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2020

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Vol. 64, No. 2

422--459

EN

This study estimates the reservoir properties of the Carboniferous deposits in the southeastern part of the Lublin Basin based on diagenetic and sequence stratigraphic patterns. Depositional sequences distinguished represent the following environments/processes: shallow clay and carbonate shelves, deltaic, fluvial, and hyperconcentrated flow while para-sequences (cyclothems), maximum regression-initial transgression surfaces (T), maximum flooding surfaces (MFS) and also lowstand (LST), transgressive (TST) and highstand (HST) systems tracts have been recognised. Sequences recognized may be linked to the global stratigraphic division of the Carboniferous, thus providing a time framework and environmental context for petrographic and petrophysical examinations. The reservoir properties were found to be clearly controlled by depositional environment, diagenetic history and burial. The best properties were recognized in sandstone lithosomes formed in braided, meandering and anastomosed fluvial channels and hyperconcentrated flows which fill the incised valleys and belong to the LST. They are characterized by good porosity reaching up to 15.1%. The TST and HST deposits are represented chiefly by claystones, mudstones and limestones that formed in a shallow shelf and deltaic environment, being sealing intervals. The diagenetic history of sandstones comprises eo-, meso- and telodiagenetic phases. The major processes acting during the first of these were mechanical compaction, dissolution of mineral grains, formation of predominantly quartz overgrowths around the quartz grains, and crysialiizaton of kaolinite. During mesodiagenesis, cementation with quartz, kaolinite and carbonates continued along with the formation of dickite and fibrous illite; moreover, mineral grains were dissolved and chemical compaction set in. The effects of telodiagenetic processes were feldspar dissolution and precipitation of kaolinite. During diagenesis the maximum temperature affecting the Carboniferous deposits was ~120°C. Compaction and cementation were the main factors responsible for the reduction of porosity by approximately 55 and 38%, respectively. One of the major diagenetic processes was dissolution resulting in the formation of secondary porosity. The Serpukhovian and Bashkirian sandstones from sequence 11 show good reservoir potential, while those from sequences 6, 9, 10, 12-14 only fair potential.

13

Ropa naftowa i gaz ziemny w Polsce: postępowanie przetargowe i przetarg inwestorski (open door) na koncesje węglowodorowe w 2019 i 2020 roku

Jagielski Grzegorz, Kiersnowski Hubert, Kijewska Sylwia, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Krzyżak Ewelina, Kuberska Marta, Laskowicz Rafał, Roszkowska-Remin Joanna, Smajdor Łukasz, Wesołowski Marcin, Wójcik Krystian, Żuk Tomasz

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN

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2019

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nr 108

127--139

PL

Udzielenie koncesji na poszukiwanie i rozpoznawanie złóż węglowodorów oraz wydobywanie węglowodorów ze złóż lub koncesji na wydobywanie węglowodorów ze złóż w Polsce następuje w wyniku przeprowadzenia postępowania przetargowego albo na wniosek zainteresowanego podmiotu (Ustawa… 2019: art. 49e). Na przełomie 2019 i 2020 r. będzie procedowana czwarta runda przetargów na koncesje węglowodorowe. Jej przedmiotem będzie pięć obszarów, wyznaczonych przez geologów Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego – Państwowego Instytutu Badawczego (PIG-PIB) i Departamentu Geologii i Koncesji Geologicznych (DGK) Ministerstwa Środowiska na podstawie danych zgromadzonych w N arodowym A rchiwum Geologicznym, publikacji naukowych oraz wiedzy i doświadczenia płynących ze współpracy z przemysłem naftowym. S ą to: Pyrzyce, Złoczew, Ż abowo, Bestwina-Czechowice i Królówka. Perspektywy poszukiwawcze na obszarach Pyrzyce, Ż abowo i Z łoczew (centralna i północno-zachodnia Polska) są związane z utworami czerwonego spągowca i dolomitu głównego. Bestwina-Czechowice i Królówka (południowa Polska) są z kolei dedykowane poszukiwaniom konwencjonalnych lub hybrydowych nagromadzeń gazu ziemnego w utworach miocenu zapadliska przedkarpackiego pod nasunięciem karpackim, choć perspektywy poszukiwawcze występują również w ich paleozoiczno-mezozoicznym podłożu. O koncesje węglowodorowe można ubiegać się także na drodze przetargu inwestorskiego (tzw. open door) – na wniosek Przedsiębiorcy, pod warunkiem, że zgłaszany obszar nie jest objęty aktualnie trwającą koncesją lub nie jest przedmiotem przetargu.

EN

According to the Polish Geological and Mining L aw the granting of a concession for the exploration of a hydrocarbon deposit and the production of hydrocarbons from a deposit, or a concession for the production of hydrocarbons from a deposit in Poland is proceeded according to a tender procedure or open door procedure (upon a request of an entity). O n June 28, 2018 the Polish Minister of the E nvironment announced 5 tender areas. These areas (promising for discoveries of conventional and unconventional oil and gas deposits) were selected by the geologists of the Polish Geological Institute-NR I and Department of Geology and Geological Concessions of the Ministry of the E nvironment based on the geological data resources stored in the N ational Geological A rchive. These are: Bestwina-Czechowice, Królówka, Pyrzyce, Z łoczew i Ż abowo. The main exploration target on the areas located in central and north-western Poland (Pyrzyce, Ż abowo and Z łoczew) is related to Permian R otliegend sandstones and carbonates of the Z echstein/Main Dolomite. The Bestwina-Czechowice and Królówka areas (southern Poland) are prospective for conventional and hybrid-type accumulations of gas in the Miocene of the C arpathian Foredeep below the C arpathian O verthrust and in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement. The beginning of the 4th bidding round for hydrocarbon concessions is planned in Q4 2019. The entity can also choose the area and apply for a license submitting an application to the Ministry of the Environment. The area indicated by the entity cannot be the subject of a tender or any other concession, and the maximum acreage is 1,200 km2.

14

Strefowa obróbka cieplna taśm stalowych tłoczonych na gorąco

Grajcar Adam, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Morawiec Mateusz

Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie

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2019

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nr 3-4

14--21

PL

Rosnące zapotrzebowanie przemysłu motoryzacyjnego na elementy charakteryzujące się wysoką wytrzymałością oraz skomplikowanym kształtem doprowadziło do opracowania nowoczesnych technik kształtowania taśm na gorąco. Do tej grupy metod zaliczany jest proces strefowej obróbki cieplnej, który jest realizowany podczas tłoczenia. Pozwala on na uzyskanie elementów o skomplikowanym kształcie, charakteryzujących się strefowo zróżnicowanymi własnościami mechanicznymi.

EN

The growing demand of the automotive industry for elements characterized by high strength and complicated shape has led to the development of new techniques of steel sheets forming. This group of methods includes the tailored heat treatment process, which is carried out during stamping. It allows obtaining elements characterized by the complicated shape and tailored mechanical properties. The special dies used in the hot forming process and controlled cooling to obtain more favorable mechanical properties compared to cold-formed elements. The tailored hot stamping enables to reduce the thickness of elements responsible for the passenger passive safety leading to the reduction of vehicle total weight.

15

Warunki temperaturowe w czasie diagenezy piaskowców pensylwanu w rejonie Morza Bałtyckiego

Kozłowska Aleksandra

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 3

167--168

EN

The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the temperature conditions in the sediment during the diagenesis history of Pennsylvanian sandstones drilled in three deep boreholes in the Baltic Sea. These sandstones are represented by quartz and sublithic arenites and wackes, cemented by matrix and autigenic minerals. Among the autigenic minerals: quartz, clay minerals (kaolinite, dickite, illite) and carbonates (calcite, dolomite, ankerite) are the temperature indicators. The presence of dickite in the sediments indicates a temperature of about 120°C. Quartz and carbonate crystallization temperatures, based on the analysis of fluid inclusions, are estimated to be in the range of 70-180°C. The K/Ar age of the fibrous illite thatforms at the final stage of diagenesis (above 100° C), was determined at 262 ±2 to 247 ±4 My, i.e. from the Middle Permian to the Early Triassic. It determines a length of the post-deposition period, when the deposits were permeable for pore fluids.

16

Koncesje na poszukiwanie, rozpoznawanie oraz wydobywanie złóż ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego w Polsce w 2019 i 2020 roku : postępowanie przetargowe i przetarg inwestorski

Jagielski Grzegorz, Jankowski Leszek, Kiersnowski Hubert, Kijewska Sylwia, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Krzyżak Ewelina, Kuberska Marta, Laskowicz Rafał, Rosowiecka Olga, Roszkowska-Remin Joanna, Smajdor Łukasz, Wesołowski Marcin, Wójcik Krystian, Żuk Tomasz

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 12

938--960

EN

A concession for prospection, exploration and production of hydrocarbons from deposits or a concession for production of hydrocarbons from deposits shall be granted by the way of a tender procedure or at the request of the interested entity. On June 28, 2018 the Polish Minister of the Environment announced the boundaries of the five tender areas dedicated for the next, 4th tender round for hydrocarbon concessions in Poland. These are: Bestwina-Czechowice, Królówka, Pyrzyce, Złoczew and Żabowo. The main exploration target of the areas located in southern Poland (Carpathians) - Bestwina-Czechowice and Królówka - is related to conventional accumulations of gas in the Miocene of the Carpathian Foredeep and to conventional and unconventional accumulations of gas and oil in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Carpathian units. On the other side, the conventional accumulations of gas in the Permian Rotliegend sandstones and conventional and unconventional accumulations of gas and oil in the Zechstein/Main Dolomite carbonates are expected in the Pyrzyce, Żabowo and Złoczew areas, in central and north-western Poland. The beginning of the tender is planned for Q1 2020. The tender will last 180 days. The entities can also apply for a concession submitting an application to the Licensing Authority . However, the area indicated by the entity cannot be a subject of a tender or any other concession, and the maximum acreage cannot exceed 1200 km2. As a rule, a concession is granted for a period of 30 years and will be divided into 2 phases: (1) prospection and exploration phase (which lasts no longer than 5 years, but in justified cases can be extended), (2) production phase (25 years). Every entity interested in obtaining a concession needs to undergo the qualification procedure. We believe that this publication will contribute to better understanding of the offered tender areas and boosts the activity in the Polish oil and gas sector.

17

Konstrukcja wykresów CTP dla stali konstrukcyjnych

Morawiec Mateusz, Kozłowska Aleksandra, Grajcar Adam, Król Mariusz

LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania

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2019

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R. 24, nr 1

16--18

18

Strategie obróbki cieplnej dla zimnowalcowanych i gorącowalcowanych taśm z karoseryjnych stali średniomanganowych

Morawiec Mateusz, Grajcar Adam, Skowronek Adam, Kozłowska Aleksandra

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2019

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Vol. 86, nr 8

267--271

PL

Przedstawiono strategie obróbki cieplnej dla karoseryjnych taśm ze stali średniomanganowych. Celem części badawczej było zbadanie wpływu temperatury wyżarzania międzykrytycznego z zakresu 680-800°C przez 1h na stabilizację austenitu szczątkowego w stali średniomanganowej. Materiałem wykorzystanym w eksperymencie była stal zawierająca 0,16% C, 4,7% Mn, 1,6% Al, 0,2% Mo, 0,2% Si. Zakres pracy obejmował badania dylatometryczne, twardości oraz obrazowanie na mikroskopie świetlnym i skaningowym. Wyżarzanie międzykrytyczne przeprowadzone w temperaturze 700 oraz 680°C umożliwiło wytworzenie w strukturze stabilnego austenitu szczątkowego.

EN

Heat treatment strategies for autobody medium-manganese steel sheets were presented. The aim of the research work was to investigate an effect of intercritical annealing temperature in a range of 680-800°C for 1h on the stabilization of retained austenite in a medium manganese steel. The material used in the experiment was a steel containing 0.16% C, 4.7% Mn, 1.6% Al, 0.2% Mo, 0.2% Si. The scope of the research included dilatometer tests, hardness tests and imaging using light and scanning electron microscopes. Intercritical annealing carried out at 700 and 680°C allowed forming some stable retained austenite in the structure.

19

The characteristics of pore space in Lower Triassic sandstones of the Warsaw region

Kuberska Marta, Becker Anna, Kozłowska Aleksandra

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2019

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nr 474

73--84

EN

Reservoir and sealing properties of Lower Triassic sandstones from seven boreholes of the central part of the Koszalin-Zamość Synclinorium were investigated in terms of potential levels for underground storage of carbon dioxide. Extensive petrographic studies, image analysis, and investigations of petrophysical properties of rocks and pore space were carried out. The research shows that diagenetic processes both variously affected the intensity of alteration and variously shaped the pore space. Not only primary but also secondary porosity, resulting from diagenetic alteration and dissolution, is observed in the rocks. Microscopic observations revealed that the pore space in studied samples is dominated by macropores. The results obtained indicate a poor suitability of the Lower Triassic deposits for the purpose of carbon dioxide sequestration.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono badania piaskowców triasu dolnego centralnej części synklinorium koszalińsko-zamojskiego pochodzących z siedmiu otworów wiertniczych, pod kątem ich właściwości kolektorsko-uszczelniających w aspekcie potencjalnych poziomów do podziemnego składowania dwutlenku węgla. Przeprowadzono szeroko zakrojone badania petrograficzne, analizę obrazu i badania właściwości petrofizycznych skał oraz przestrzeni porowej. W wyniku przeprowadzonych prac stwierdzono, że procesy diagenetyczne miały różny wpływ na intensywność zmian i w różny sposób kształtowały przestrzeń porową. W skałach zaobserwowano występowanie porowatości pierwotnej, a także wtórnej, powstałej na skutek przeobrażania i rozpuszczania diagenetycznego. Na podstawie obserwacji mikroskopowych uznano, że przestrzeń porowa w badanych próbkach jest zdominowana przez makropory. Wyniki badań wskazują na niewielką przydatność utworów triasu dolnego na potrzeby sekwestracji dwutlenku węgla.

20

Instrumental methods applied in the investigations of carbonate minerals in the Middle Jurassic sideritic rocks with respect to diagenetic processes

Kozłowska Aleksandra

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2019

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nr 474

31--42

EN

Carbonate minerals in the Middle Jurassic sideritic rocks from the Polish Lowlands, north-eastern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains and the Częstochowa region have been studied applying accessible instrumental methods. The following techniques were applied: polarization microscope, staining with the Evamy’s solution, cathodoluminescence, microprobe, fluid inclusions and isotopic analyses. Most of these methods were not available either in the 20ies of the past century when studies of sideritic iron ores in Poland had begun, or in 50ies and 60ies when they were in full progress. The sideritic rocks are mainly represented by clayey siderites (they contain also muddy and sandy varieties), sideritic sandstones and sideritic coquina, less frequently by sideritic conglomerates and mudstones. Sideroplesite is the main carbonate mineral that builds the sideritic rocks, while pistomesite and siderite are less frequent. Fe-calcite and Fe-dolomite, ankerite, and sporadic dolomite occur in lesser amounts. Syderoplesite and siderite have crystallized in the early diagenesis (eodiagenesis), in the zone of microbiologic methanogenesis, at temperatures of about 20°C, from the porous waters of marine origin, or from marine waters mixed with fresh waters. Sideroplesite enriched in magnesium, pistomesite, calcite and ankerite sequently have formed at the later diagenetic stage (mezodiagenesis). These minerals have crystallized at temperatures above 60°C, from the porous waters of marine origin, or from the fluid which interacted with the adjacent rocks. Fe-calcite was formed in the zone of microbiologic methanogenesis, while the ankerite – in the zone of thermal decarboxylation.

XX

Na podstawie dostępnych obecnie metod instrumentalnych zbadano minerały węglanowe skał syderytowych jury środkowej z Niżu Polskiego, północno-wschodniego obrzeżenia Gór Świętokrzyskich i rejonu Częstochowy. Zastosowano: mikroskop polaryzacyjny, barwienie roztworem Evamy’ego, katodoluminescencję, mikrosondę energetyczną, analizę inkluzji fluidalnych i izotopową. Większość z tych metod nie była dostępna w latach dwudziestych, kiedy rozpoczęto badania syderytowych rud żelaza w Polsce, ani w latach pięćdziesiątych i sześćdziesiątych, kiedy były kontynuowane. Skały syderytowe są reprezentowane głównie przez: syderyty ilaste (obejmują również odmiany mułkowe i piaszczyste), piaskowce syderytowe i muszlowce syderytowe, rzadziej przez zlepieńce syderytowe i mułowce syderytowe. Głównym minerałem węglanowym budującym skały syderytowe jest syderoplesyt, rzadziej pojawiają się pistomesyt i syderyt. W zmiennych ilościach występują Fe-kalcyt oraz Fe-dolomit i ankeryt, sporadycznie dolomit. Syderoplesyt i syderyt krystalizowały we wczesnej diagenezie (eodiagenezie) w strefie mikrobiologicznej metanogenezy w temperaturze ok. 20°C z wód porowych pochodzenia morskiego lub wód morskich zmieszanych z wodami słodkimi. W późniejszym etapie diagene¬zy (mezodiagenezie) tworzyły się w kolejności: syderoplesyt z większą zawartością magnezu, pistomesyt, kalcyt i ankeryt. Minerały te krystalizowały w temperaturze powyżej 60°C z wody porowej pochodzenia morskiego lub wody, która weszła w reakcję z otaczającymi skałami. Fe-kalcyt tworzył się w strefie mikrobiologicznej metanogenezy, natomiast ankeryt w strefie termalnej dekarboksylacji.