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Stanowisko późnoczwartorzędowych osadów jaskiniowych : schronisko nad Jaskinią Zegar w Skalach Zegarowych (Wyżyna Częstochowska)

Krajcarz M. T., Sudoł M., Krajcarz M., Cyrek K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 10

s. 546--553

EN

The Shelter above the Zegar Cave (Shelter No 388) (N 50°25’41” E 19°40’27”) is located in the Zegarowe Rocks ridge in the Ryczów Upland (southern part of the Czêstochowa Upland), municipalityWolbrom, district Olkusz. In 2009, Mrs. Jadwiga and Mr. Lucjan Wodarz found an archeological flint artifact in a type of leaf point at the slope below the Shelter. This finding allowed suspecting the presence of Palaeolithic cultural layers inside or near the Shelter. The authors’aim was to recognize the geological context of the Palaeolithic settlement of the Shelter above the Zegar Cave and its neighborhood, and in further perspective of the entire southern part of the Ryczów Upland micro-region. Four layers were discovered in the Shelter during field works (downward): I – humic silty loam, Holocene; II – loess altered by secondary soil processes during the Holocene; III – unaltered loess, dated to MOIS 2; IV – silty cave loam with limestone rubble, dated to MOIS 3. The chronostratigraphy is based on lithostratigraphy and confirmed by radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dating. An archaeological cultural level occurs in layer IV, most probably related to the shift from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic. The sequence of cave sediments may be well correlated with numerous profiles of cave sites from the Kraków-Czêstochowa Upland.

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Linearne ułożenie kości w suchym środowisku lądowym na podstawie aktualistycznych badań legowisk lisa pospolitego (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus) w sztolniach w Potoku Senderkach, Roztocze Środkowe

Krajcarz M., Krajcarz M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 9/2

858-861

EN

The paper presents new data on origin of parallel orientation of modern assemblages of bone remains in dry, terrestrial environment, unaffected by any influence of hydraulic processes. The studies were carried out in the gallery no. 6 of ancient underground millstone quarry situated in forests near the Potok Senderki village, Central Roztocze Upland. The studied material included animal bone remains found in dry gallery, presently inhabited by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes L.). Azimuths of long bone axes as well as strike azimuths o vertical adit walls which confine occurrence of bone clusters, were measured using geological compass. The obtained results make it possible to conclude that linear parallel orientation of bone remains may occur in a dry, terrestrial environment. Such orientation of clusters is formed mainly due to repetitive movement of carnivores along vertical walls of the adit whereas no influence of hydraulic processes is needed here. The presence of a distinct, preferred orientation of the bones requires interaction of two specific factors: the place has to be inhabited by carnivorous animals for a long time (at least for a few months) and the corridor, along which animals move, has to be bounded by steep to vertical walls. Caves are particularly predisposed type of sites, where the occurrence of linear bone orientation may be expected. The studies were dealing with effects of actualistic processes but the described situation and the obtained conclusions may be valid in the case of fossil bone assemblages, for example those of the Pleistocene age.

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Geochemiczny zapis diagenezy szczątków kostnych z Jaskini Deszczowej (Wyżyna Częstochowska)

Krajcarz M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 2

163-172