Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Removal of benzotriazole by Photo-Fenton like process using nano zero-valent iron: response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design

Ahmadi M., Rahmani K., Rahmani A., Rahmani H.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2017

|

Vol. 19, nr 1

104--112

EN

In this paper, the removal of benzotriazole (BTA) was investigated by a Photo-Fenton process using nano zero valent iron (NZVI) and optimization by response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken method. Effect of operating parameters affecting removal efficiency such as H2O2, NZVI, and BTA concentrations as well as pH was studied. All the experiments were performed in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. Predicted levels and BTA removal were found to be in good agreement with the experimental levels (R2 = 0. 9500). The optimal parameters were determined at 60 min reaction time, 15 mg L-1 BTA, 0.10 g L-1 NZVI, and 1.5 mmol L-1 H2O2 for Photo-Fenton-like reaction. NZVI was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.

2

Assessment of the effect of welding fumes on welders’ cognitive failure and health-related quality of life

Rahmani A., Golbabaei F., Dehghan S. F., Mazlomi A., Akbarzadeh A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

|

2016

|

Vol. 22, No. 3

426--432

EN

Introduction. This study examined whether cognitive symptoms and health-related quality of life can be affected by welding fume exposure. Method. Participants consisted of welders (n = 40) and welder assistants (n = 25) from welding units as the exposed group, and office workers (n = 44) as the non-exposed group. All participants were studied using ambient air monitoring and two types of questionnaires: the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results. Welders and welder assistants were exposed to higher concentrations of all airborne metals than office employees, except for aluminum and chromium (p < 0.05). Mean (95% confidence interval) CFQ score was higher in welders (26.42 (12.74)) compared with welder assistants (22.68 (14.37)) and the non-exposed group (21.38 (8.75)), although these differences were not statistically significant. Mean total score of the SF-36 significantly differed among the three groups (p < 0.05) and welders had the lowest score (M (SD) = 54.84 (17.88)). The relationships between total CFQ score and the measured concentration of nickel at peak work rate was significant for welders. Conclusion. Cognitive symptoms and health-related quality of life were not related to the measures of welding fume exposure and further research should be performed to find other influencing factors.

3

Growth and nutrition of restored Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey. versus native Celtis australis L. tree species : conservation perspectives of Hyrcanian forest (Iran)

Hosseini S., Raouhi-Moghaddam E., Ebrahimi E., Rahmani A., Tabari M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2010

|

Vol. 58, nr 1

41-51

EN

For native species, mixed plantation systems seem to be the most appropriate for providing a broader range of options such as production, protection, biodiversity conservation and restoration. After 11 years, growth and nutrition and soil properties were examined in young plantation of two indigenous tree species in Hyrcanian forests of Iran. Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey. (as target species) and Celtis australis L. (as native component species) were planted in five proportions (100Q, 70Q:30C, 60Q:40C, 50Q:50C, 40Q:60C) in Noor, Iran. Diameter at breast height of individual Quercus trees and total basal area were affected by the presence of Celtis. Percent retranslocation of nutrients in Quercus followed in order: K> P> N. Leaf-litter fall production ranged from 4.10 to 6.14 t ha[^-1] year[^-1]. Ca and Mg concentrations in fully expanded leaves of Quercus, N and K retranslocation of Quercus, concentration of available P in soil were higher in some of the mixed plantations than in monoculture of Quercus. On the other hand, N concentration in fully expanded leaves of Quercus, N fluxes and soil C/N ratio were higher in monoculture of Quercus. Within the framework of this experiment, it appeared that production was maximized when these two species were grown together in the proportion of 60% Quercus and 40% Celtis.

4

A Recursive Classifier System for Partially Observable Environments

Hamzeh A., Hashemi S., Sami A., Rahmani A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

|

2009

|

Vol. 97, nr 1/2

15-40

EN

Previously we introduced Parallel Specialized XCS (PSXCS), a distributed-architecture classifier system that detects aliased environmental states and assigns their handling to created subordinate XCS classifier systems. PSXCS uses a history-window approach, but with novel efficiency since the subordinateXCSs, which employ the windows, are only spawned for parts of the state space that are actually aliased. However, because the window lengths are finite and set manually, PSXCS may fail to be optimal in difficult test mazes. This paper introduces Recursive PSXCS (RPSXCS) that automatically spawns windows wherever more history is required. Experimental results show that RPSXCS is both more powerful and learns faster than PSXCS. The present research suggests new potential for history approaches to partially observable environments.

5

Numerical analysis of the effect of torispherical head on the buckling of pressure vessel

Khoshravan M. R., Rahmani A.

Engineering Transactions

|

2009

|

Vol. 57, iss. 2

71-87

EN

The shape of end heads of a pressure vessel is usually torispherical. Buckling of this head is one of the most important points for designing of pressure vessels. This subject has been studied extensively since last years. In this field, the experimental methods are expensive and need a lot of time. In addition, because of lack of accuracy in the producing procedure, sometimes two models with identical geometry show different buckling behavior. Hence the use of finite element method in analyzing of buckling behavior of heads has a lot of benefits. In this dissertation, the finite element method has been used. Firstly with nonlinear buckling analysis, the effects of geometrical parameters such as thickness, knuckle radius and diameter of cylindrical part. on the buckling of heads have been studied, then the buckling behavior of different kinds of heads with identical geometry have been analyzed. For the nonlinear analysis we used the Arc Length method which can control the load level, the length of the displacement increment and the maximum displacement. The most important characteristic of this method is its ability to converge, even when the behavior is highly nonlinear. From the verification performed with the European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS) code, it has been confirmed that the nonlinear buckling analysis could assure accurate results for the buckling strength. In the case of internal pressure, it has been shown that initial imperfection had no effect on the pre-buckling behavior and buckling pressure of head; it just affects the post-buckling behavior.

6

Chemiczna aktywacja naturalnej pucolany za pomocą stałego aktywatora

Allahverdi A., Rahmani A.

Cement Wapno Beton

|

2009

|

R. 14/76, nr 4

205-213

PL

Otrzymano spoiwo złożone w 77% z naturalnej pucolany pumeksowej, a w 23% z aktywatora zawierającego ponad 90% cementu portlandzkiego i niewielkie ilości substancji chemicznych złożonych z siarki i metali alkalicznych. Zbadano właściwości zaczynu i zapraw sporządzonych z tego spoiwa. Czas wiązania był zawarty w granicach od 210 minut (początek wiązania) do 300 minut (koniec wiązania). Wytrzymałość zaprawy wzrastała z około 23 MPa po 28 dniach do 45 MPa po rocznym dojrzewaniu. Badania wykazały, że opracowany aktywator pozwala na otrzymanie dobrej jakości spoiwa z naturalnej pucolany pumeksowej. Jest to spoiwo niezwykle przyjazne dla środowiska.

EN

The binder was produced consisting of 77% of natural pozzolana pumice-type and 23% of activator composed chiefly of Portland cement and small addition of chemical substances containing sulfure and alkali metals. The properties of paste and mortars prepared on the basis of this binder were investigated. Setting time of the binder was the range from 210 min (beginning of setting) to 300 minutes (final setting time). The compressive strength was 23 MPa after 28 days of hardening till 45 MPa after one year of curing. The experimental results showed that the elaborated activator gives the possibility for producing good quality binder from natural puzzolana of pumice-type. This binder is very environmental friendly.

7

Effect of earth conductivity, heterogeneity and discontinuity on the lightning breakdown of short air gaps

Rahmani A., Boubakeur A., Boumaza S.A.A., Mekhaldi A., Matallah M.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

|

2009

|

Vol. 58, nr 3-4

97-105

EN

Present experimental investigations are aimed at explanation of the effect of earth conductivity and heterogeneity on the breakdown voltage of short rod/plane air gaps (40 to 140 mm) stressed by positive and negative lightning impulses š1.2/50 žs. It is shown that the linear breakdown voltage-gap length relationship applies. A decrease of earth conductivity causes an increase of the breakdown voltage. For a heterogeneous earth, the degree of heterogeneity as well as the rod position with respect to the interface between two media of different conductivities is also found to affect the breakdown voltage. For a discontinuous earth, it is shown that when the rod axis is near the discontinuity, the rod/plane gap behaves like a rod/rod gap.

PL

Celem opisanych pomiarów jest wyjaśnienie wpływu rezystywności gruntu i jego niejednorodności na napięcie przebicia krótkich przerw powietrznych (od 40 do 140 mm) przy dodatnich lub ujemnych udarach piorunowych 1,2/50 žs. Wykazano, że zależność napięcia przebicia od odległości przerwy powietrznej jest liniowa. Wzrost rezystywności gruntu powoduje wzrost napięcia przebicia. W przypadku niejednorodnego gruntu, jego stopień niejednorodności jak i położenie pionowego uziomu prętowego względem różnych warstw gruntu ma wpływ na napięcie przebicia. Gdy grunt nie jest ciągły a uziom prętowy znajduje się blisko płaszczyzny nieciągłości, wówczas wytrzymałość elektryczna iskiernika pręt-płaszczyzna podobna jest do wytrzymałości iskiernika pręt-pręt.

8

Approximating Arbitrary Reinforcement Signal by Learning Classifier Systems using Micro Genetic Algorithm

Hamzeh A., Rahmani A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

|

2008

|

Vol. 86, nr 1-2

93-111

EN

Learning Classifier Systems are Evolutionary Learning mechanisms which combine Genetic Algorithm and the Reinforcement Learning paradigm. Learning Classifier Systems try to evolve state-action-reward mappings to propose the best action for each environmental state to maximize the achieved reward. In the first versions of learning classifier systems, state-action pairs can only be mapped to a constant real-valued reward. So to model a fairly complex environment, LCSs had to develop redundant state-action pairs which had to be mapped to different reward values. But an extension to a well-known LCS, called Accuracy Based Learning Classifier System or XCS, was recently developed which was able to map state-action pairs to a linear reward function. This new extension, called XCSF, can develop a more compact population than the original XCS. But some further researches have shown that this new extension is not able to develop proper mappings when the input parameters are from certain intervals. As a solution to this issue, in our previous works, we proposed a novel solution inspired by the idea of using evolutionary approach to approximate the reward landscape. The first results seem promising, but our approach, called XCSFG, converged to the goal very slowly. In this paper, we propose a new extension to XCSFG which employs micro-GA which its needed population is extremely smaller than simple GA. So we expect micro-GA to help XCSFG to converge faster. Reported results show that this new extension can be assumed as an alternative approach in XCSF family with respect to its convergence speed, approximation accuracy and population compactness.

9

A New Architecture for Learning Classifier Systems to Solve POMDP Problems

Hamzeh A., Rahmani A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

|

2008

|

Vol. 84, nr 3-4

329-351

EN

Reinforcement Learning is a learning paradigm that helps the agent to learn to act optimally in an unknown environment through trial and error. An RL-based agent senses its environmental state, proposes an action, and applies it to the environment. Then a reinforcement signal, called the reward, is sent back from the environment to the agent. The agent is expected to learn how to maximize overall environmental reward through its internal mechanisms. One of the most challenging issues in the RL area arises as a result of the sensory ability of the agent, when it is not able to sense its current environmental state completely. These environments are called partially observable environments. In these environments, the agent may fail to distinguish the actual environmental state and so may fail to propose the optimal action in particular environmental states. So an extended mechanism must be added to the architecture of the agent to enable it to perform optimally in these environments. On the other hand, one of the most-used approaches to reinforcement learning is the evolutionary learning approach and one of the most-used techniques in this family is learning classifier systems. Learning classifier systems try to evolve state-action-reward mappings to model their current environment through trial and error. In this paper we propose a new architecture for learning classifier systems that is able to perform optimally in partially observable environments. This new architecture uses a novel method to detect aliased states in the environment and disambiguates them through multiple instances of classifier systems that interact with the environment in parallel. This model is applied to some well-known benchmark problems and is compared with some of the best classifier systems proposed for these environments. Our results and detailed discussion show that our approach is one of the best techniques among other learning classifier systems in partially observable environments.

10

Voltammetric determination of lead(II) using chemically modified carbon paste electrode with bis[1-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-2-methyl]sulfide

Rahmani A., Mousavi M. F., Golabi S. M., Shamsipur M., Sharghi H.

Chemia Analityczna

|

2004

|

Vol. 49, No. 3

359-368

EN

A new preconcentration and voltammetric method for determination of Pb(II) has been proposed. The method involved the application of bis[1-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-2- methyl]sulfide-modified carbon paste electrode. Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry was used. Several experimental parameters such as modifier composition in the carbon paste electrode, pH and concentration of supporting electrolyte, deposition potential and deposition time were optimised. A linear response was obtained in the concentration range of Pb(II): 5.96 × 10-10 - 5.79 × 10-6 mol L-1 (n = 21, r = 0.9995) with a detection limit 3.90 × 10-10 mol L-1 for a 11 min deposition time. For eight replicate determinations of 2.00 × 10-8 mol L-1 and 2.00 × 10-6 mol L-1 Pb(II), the relative standard deviations were found to be 4.4% and 3.7%, respectively. Numerous foreign metal ions had little or no effect on the determination of lead(II). The developed method was applied to the determination of lead in wastewater samples. New electrode occurred to be advantageous in respect of high stability and self-cleaning ability. It can be used repeatedly without any regeneration of its surface.

PL

Zaproponowano nową woltamperometryczną metodę oznaczania Pb(II) po wstępnym zagęszczeniu. W metodzie posłużono się elektrodąz pastą węglową zmodyfikowaną bis[ 1-hydroksy-9,10-antrachinono-2-metyl[o]siarczkiem. Zastosowano stripingową woltamperometrię różnicową. Zoptymalizowano takie parametry metody jak: skład modyfikatora w elektrodzie z pastą węglową, pH i stężenie elektrolitu podstawowego, potencjał i czas wydzielania. Liniową odpowiedź otrzymano przy stężeniu Pb(II) w zakresie od 5,96 x 10(-10) do 5,79 x 10 (-10) mol L(-1) (n = 21, r = 0,9995). Granica wykrywalności wynosiła 3,90 x 10(-10) mol L(-10) przy czasie wydzielania 11 min. Względne odchylenie standardowe, obliczone z 8-krotnych oznaczeń, wynosiło 4,4% przy stężeniu Pb(II) 2,0 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) i 3,7% przy stężeniu Pb(II) 2,0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1). Szereg jonów metali miało niewielki wpływ lub nie wykazywało żadnego wpływu na oznaczenie ołowiu. Opracowaną metodę zastosowano do oznaczania ołowiu w ściekach. Zaletą nowej elektrody jest wysoka stabilność i zdoiność do samooczyszczania się. Może być wielokrotnie używana bez regeneracji powierzchni.