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2 Oceanologia

2 2011

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Phytoplankton and environmental variables as a water quality indicator for the beaches at Matrouh, south-eastern Mediterranean Sea, Egypt: an assessment

Gharib S.M., El-Sherif Z.M., Abdel-Halim A.M., Radwan A.A.

Oceanologia

2011

No. 53 (3)

819-836

This study was carried out to determine the water quality of the beaches at Matrouh, south-eastern Mediterranean Sea, Egypt, by studying environmental variables as well as phytoplankton abundance and community structure. Surface water samples were monitored from a series of beach sites over a period of five seasons during 2009-2010. A total of 203 phytoplankton species were identified from seven algal divisions. Seasonal differences in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the phytoplankton communities in the different sites were marked. Nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton abundances were found to be poorer than those of many other areas along Egyptian coast. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index classified Matrouh water as being between clean and moderately polluted, whereas the WQI demonstrated that it was between good and excellent. It can be concluded that the index based on WQI is currently more suitable than the phytoplankton species index for assessing the quality of the water of the Matrouh beaches.

Changes in Atlantic Water characteristics in the south-eastern Mediterranean Sea as a result of natural and anthropogenic activities

Said M.A., Gerges M.A., Maiyza I.A., Hussein M.A., Radwan A.A.

Oceanologia

2011

No. 53 (1)

81-95

The paper investigates the changes in the characteristics of Atlantic Water (AW) flowing eastwards along the Egyptian coast in the south-eastern Mediterranean during the period 1959-2008. Vertically, only one water mass could be observed in winter in the upper 200 m layer, whereas in summer, there were three distinct water masses. The subsurface water mass, of Atlantic origin, occupying the 50-150 m layer and characterized by low salinities from < 38.60 to 38.80 PSU, moves throughout the study area from west to east and spreads over a range of density between 27.5 and 28.5 σt. Temperature and salinity have indicated increasing trends for both temperature and salinity during the last 25 years (1983-2008), reaching 0.85°C decade-1 and 0.073 PSU dec-1, respectively, for the Mediterranean surface waters. For the Atlantic water, the trends were 0.28°C dec-1 for temperature and 0.014 PSU dec-1 for salinity.