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Pulmonary Functions of Welders in Gas Transmission Pipelines in Iran

Golbabaei F., Khadem M., Ghahri A., Babai M., Hosseini M., SeyedSomea M., Dinari B.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2013

Vol. 19, No. 4

647--655

This study evaluated the influence of welding on pulmonary functions in welders. Spirometry tests were performed before and after work shift in 91 welders and 25 clerks (control group). We examined forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio and forced expiratory flow 25%–75%(FEF 25–75). Significant differences were found for FVC and FEV1/FVC between welders and the control group in pre- and post-shift measurements (p < .001). In welders, smoking and nonsmoking habit had no significant effects on any pulmonary indices before or after shift. Work experience and fume concentrations also had no significant effects on the majority of spirometric indices (p > .05). Most welders had at least 1 of the respiratory symptoms. Significant differences were found between pre- and post-shift indices (as percentage of predicted values calculated with spirometer) and between the welders engaged in some welding tasks and the control group before work shift. This study documented work-related changes in pulmonary functions in the welders and marked drops in these functions without symptoms in some welders.

Solid Phase Extraction for Evaluation of Occupational Exposure to Pb (II) Using XAD-4 Sorbent Prior to Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Shahtaheri S. J., Khadem M., Golbabaei F., Rahimi-Froushan A., Ganjali M. R., Norouzi P.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2007

Vol. 13, No. 2

137--145

Lead is an important constituent widely used in different industrial processes. For evaluation of workers’ exposure to trace toxic metal of Pb (II), solid-phase extraction (SPE) was optimized. SPE using mini columns filled with XAD-4 resin was developed with regard to sample pH, ligand concentration, loading flow rate, elution solvent, sample volume, elution volume, the amount of resins, and sample matrix interferences. Lead ions were retained on a solid sorbent and then eluted, followed by a simple determination of analytes with flame atomic absorption spectrometery. The obtained recoveries of metal ions were greater than 92%. This method was validated with 3 different pools of spiked urine samples; it showed a good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days as well as 6 within-day experiments. This optimized method can be considered successful in simplifying sample preparation for a trace residue analysis of lead in different matrices when evaluating occupational and environmental exposures is required.