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Status mediów w świetle Konwencji Genewskich a współczesne konflikty zbrojne : wstęp do analizy prawnej

Badźmirowska K.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2011

nr 2(83)

154-165

The article is devoted to the media legal status under the basic regulation of the international humanitarian law. The status has been presented within the scope of The Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols. Journalists and media personnel (media professionals) acting in the context of armed conflict are exposed to danger, in particular the risk of harmful effects, which usually exceed the civilians' level of danger. The problem has increased due to the globalization era changes. Therefore media professionals should be protected. In principle, media professionals as well as their equipment should be considered civilians and civilian objects, unless they take action adversely affecting their status (Art. 79 of Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977). Embedded media professionals who have been captured have a different status. War correspondents who accompany the armed forces without actually being member thereof and authorized by the armed forces may obtain a status of prisoner of war (Art. 4A. 4 of third Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva, 12 August 1949).