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Comparative analysis of two processes for desulphurization of battery paste

Malak D., Rodak A, Studnicka A., Soszyńska W

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 55, nr 2

855--859

EN

Purpose: The paper touches the problem of recycling battery scrap and desulphurization methods. The aim of this paper is to compare sodium method and new amine method for desulphurization of battery paste. Also the comparison of this methods refers to environmental and technological aspects of lead smelting. Design/methodology/approach: Base of the comparison of two different methods were tests of melting of desulphurized battery paste in a rotary-tilting furnace by BJ Industries Company. Findings: Both methods of desulphurization allow to reduce amount of sulphur to less than 1%. The economic considerations determine the degree of desulphurization of battery paste. Amine method allows to reduce sulphur to a degree of about 0,5% maintaining favorable technical and economical parameters. Research limitations/implications: Effectiveness of amine method was confirmed in the pilot-scale tests, but it’s difficult to say what will be the results of desulphurization by this method in industrial scale. Originality/value: The value of this paper lies in demonstrating the possibilities of application of the new amine method of battery paste desulphurization, compared to for commonly used methods.

2

A review of contemporary solutions for cold rolling that allow quality improvement

Soszyński W., Studnicka A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 55, nr 2

810--816

EN

Purpose: of this paper is a literature review on cold rolling of products with tight dimensional tolerances. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper a review on methods of quality improvement of cold rolled products was performed. Main groups of analysed factors, influencing high quality of rolled products are: rolling equipment, rolling technology, used tools. Findings: As a result of literature review it is concluded that the most important element involved in the manufacturing process and having an influence on the obtained dimensional tolerances is the roll. Research limitations/implications: Practical implications: Originality/value: As a result of carried out review it seems that control of the roll deflection is the simplest and most effective way to improve the shape and thus quality of cold rolled products.

3

An attempt to specify the degradation of the electric furnace hearth for the determination of future operating properties

Soszyński W., Studnicka A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 57, nr 2

88-93

EN

Purpose: of this paper is the analysis of potential use of new materials in the electric furnace hearth lining and indication of the operating effects for the furnace resulting from their use. The impact of the application of new hearth lining materials on a total power needed to receive through air cooling system of the furnace hearth was also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach: Within the frameworks of research, electric furnace operational properties were compiled and a furnace mathematical model on the basis of the finite element method was created. Based on operational data the created model was calibrated. Analysis of the influence of new hearth lining materials on the furnace operation was performed. In analysis the change of materials properties resulting from the furnace operation over the years was taken into consideration. Findings: As a result of carried out calculations and analysis the amounts of heat flux transferred, in successive periods of operation, through hearth working layer to cooling installations were acquired. Basing on simulations and calculations, for the above mentioned heat flux, temperatures were calculated on the bottom shell of furnace, in the electrodes axes for different periods of furnace operation. Practical implications: To achieve a decrease in thermal load of hearth it is advisable to reduce thickness of filling material near the vertical wall of furnace and filling the acquired space with new graphite blocks applied to the last layer of hearth. Those information were crucial and had an actual impact on a final design of furnace lining. Originality/value: Carried out analysis have crucial meaning for furnace user, as they allow to predict the probable operation of furnace with new lining materials over the years. This will also make it easier to control the state of lining materials wear and will allow for a better process control.

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Przegląd technologii teksturowania walców przeznaczonych do fakturowania taśm do procesu głębokiego tłoczenia

Studnicka A., Soszyński W.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2011

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Vol. 78, nr 9

738--742

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wybrane współczesne technologie deseniowania walców wykorzystywanych do nanoszenia faktury na taśmy będące wsadem do procesu głębokiego tłoczenia. Opisane zostały aspekty technologiczne wykonywania faktury na walcach wraz z dodatkowymi uwarunkowaniami.

EN

The paper reviews chosen modern rolls texturing technologies for applying a facture to the surface of a strip used in deep drawing process. It describes technological aspects of applying a facture on finishing rolls with additional conditions.

5

Analiza wpływu czynników technicznotechnologiczych na uzyskiwane odchyłki wymiarowe prętów stalowych, osiowo symetrycznych, walcowanych na gorąco

Pawlas P., Studnicka A., Soszyński W., Łabuda E., Siwiec G.

Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza

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2009

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T. 61, nr 5

114-119

PL

W procesie walcowania na gorąco istotne jest utrzymanie powtarzalnych wymiarów wyrobów przy zminimalizowanych odchyłkach wymiarowych. Na wielkość odchyłek wymiarowych mają wpływ: czynniki techniczne zależne od charakterystyk urządzeń oraz czynniki technologiczne determinowane własnościami obrabianego metalu. Na wymiar wyrobu wpływają również parametry procesu technologicznego. W opracowaniu przedstawiono zależności defi niujące wymiar wyrobu oraz odchyłki wymiarowe. Po dokonaniu analizy czynników decydujących o wielkości odchyłek wymiarowych zależność uproszczono, uwzględniając tylko istotne czynniki. Następnie przeanalizowano wpływ temperatury procesu walcowania w ostatnim przepuście na wymiar końcowy prętów okrągłych. Określono zakres zmienności wymiarów prętów dla wybranych gatunków stali. Druga cześć badań obejmuje analizę wpływu temperatury rozpoczęcia walcowania na wymiar prętów. Analizę przeprowadzono dla wybranej linii technologicznej walcowni ciągłej średnio-małej. Dla przyjętych temperatur rozpoczęcia walcowania wyznaczono temperatury w ostatnim przepuście. Na tej podstawie określono zmienność wymiarów prętów dla wybranych gatunków stali. Stwierdzono, że można minimalizować wielkość odchyłek wymiarowych walcowanych wyrobów z różnych gatunków stali, dopasowując temperaturę początku walcowania do walcowanego gatunku stali bądź przez odpowiednie sterowanie temperaturą pasma w przepustach wykańczających. Proces regulacji można realizować schładzając odpowiednio pasma przed pierwszym przepustem bądź przed grupą klatek wykańczających.

EN

In long products’ hot rolling process it is important to stabilize dimensions and minimize deviation of dimensions. Technical and technological parameters have influence on the size of deviations. Technical parameters depend on rolling equipment characteristics. Technological parameters are determined by the material itself. Technological process’ parameters are also of great importance here. The paper presents the equation defining product dimension and its deviation. The equation has been simplified so as to take into account only essential factors, such as: spring characteristics of the rolling mill, rolling steel thermal elongation and flow yield stress. Then the analysis of the influence of rolling temperature in the last pass on the final dimension of bar was made for chosen steel grade. As a result, the range of dimension changes for the analyzed steel bars was determined. Next the influence of initial temperature of rolling was examined. The analysis was made for the chosen technological line in medium/small rolling mill. Field fluctuation of bar dimension was calculated. The conclusion is, it is possible to minimize deviation of dimension of rolled products thanks to initial temperature or last pass temperature. Regulation process can also be realized through the cooling system.