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Nowe rezultaty badań mineralizacji polimetalicznej, PGE i REE w suwalskim masywie anortozytowym (NE Polska)

Wiszniewska J., Krzemińska E., Rosowiecka O., Petecki Z., Ruszkowski M., Salwa S.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2018

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nr 472

271--284

PL

Suwalski masyw anortozytowy (SAM) występuje w podłożu krystalicznym północno-wschodniej Polski w obrębie 200-kilometrowej długości magmowego terranu mezoproterozoicznych skał facji AMCG (anortozyty–mangeryty–charnockity–granity), zwanego kompleksem mazurskim. SAM odkryto w wyniku rozpoznania wiertniczego wyraźnych ujemnych anomalii magnetycznych i grawimetrycznych. Z masywem anortozytowym są związane rozległe ujemne anomalie obu pól potencjalnych. Anomalię grawimetryczną otaczają pasma anomalii dodatnich wywołanych przez skały o podwyższonych gęstościach, takie jak: granitoidy, monzodioryty i granodioryty. Ujemną anomalię magnetyczną okalają pasma dodatnich anomalii o znacznych amplitudach, szczególnie mocno zaznaczające się od południa, zachodu i północy. Dodatnie anomalie są związane z występowaniem skał o stwierdzonej, silnej podatności magnetycznej spowodowanej zawartością ferrolitów: skał ilmenitowo-magnetytowych z towarzyszącą im mineralizacją siarczków Fe-Cu-Ni-Co. Złoża rud Fe-Ti-(V) w SAM zostały odkryte przez Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny (PIG) we wczesnych latach 60. XX w., pod miąższym nadkładem fanerozoicznych skał osadowych, w obrębie małych dodatnich anomalii magnetycznych, w rejonie Krzemianki, Udryna, ¬Jeleniewa i Jeziora Okrągłego. Złoża te udokumentowano za pomocą ok. 100 głębokich otworów wiertniczych, do głębokości 2300 m, a zasoby oszacowano w kat. C1 + C2 na ok. 1,5 mld ton rudy tytanomagnetytowej z wanadem, głównie w polu rudnym Krzemianka i Udryn. Wiek modelowy uzyskany metodą Re-Os NTIMS dla rud Fe-Ti-V i siarczków ze złóż Krzemianka i Jeziora Okrągłego wyniósł 1559 ±37 mln lat ze stosunkiem początkowym 187Os / 188Os = 1,16 ±0,06. Uznano go za wiek całego masywu suwalskiego. Pomimo wieloletnich badań, wgłębna budowa i forma masywu nie są dokładnie rozpoznane. Obecnie są wykonywane geofizyczno-geologiczne modelowania 3D danych otworowych z wykorzystaniem pakietu oprogramowania OasisMontaj (Geosoft). Model 3D jest generowany w aplikacji GeoModeller 3D (Intrepid Geophysics) w celu rozpoznania prawidłowości geologicznych oraz interpretacji anomalii magnetyczno-grawimetrycznych na całym obszarze masywu, łącznie z osłoną.

EN

Suwałki Anortosite Massif (SAM) occurs in the crystalline basement of NE Poland within 200 km of the magmatic, Mesoproterozoic AMCG (anorthosite–mangerite–charnockite–granite) rock suite terrane called the Mazury Complex. SAM was discovered as a result of the drilling research of the prominent negative magnetic and gravimetric anomalies. There is an extensive negative anomaly of both potential fields related to the anorthosite massif. Gravimetric anomaly is surrounded by the bands of positive anomalies caused by rocks with elevated densities, such as granitoids, monzondiorites and granodiorites. A negative magnetic anomaly is surrounded by the bands of positive anomalies with significant amplitudes, particularly strongly marked from the south, west and north. Positive magnetic anomalies are associated with the presence of rocks with proven strong magnetic susceptibility due to the content of ferrolites (ilmenite-magnetite rocks) with accompanying Fe-Cu-Ni-Co sulphide mineralization. Fe-Ti-(V) ore deposits in the SAM were discovered in the early 1960s, in the region of Krzemianka and Udryn, but also Jeleniewo and Jezioro Okrągłe, under a thick overburden of Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks within small positive magnetic anomalies. These deposits were documented in about 100 deep boreholes to a depth of 2300 m, and the resources in C1 + C2 category were estimated for about 1.5 billion tons of titanium-magnetite ores with vanadium, mainly in the Krzemianka and Udryn ore fields. The model age obtained by the Re-Os NTIMS method for Fe-Ti-V ores and sulphides from the Krzemianka and Jezioro Okrągłe ore deposits was 1559 ±37 Ma with an initial ratio of 187Os/188Os = 1.16 ±0.06. This age was recognized as the age of the entire Suwałki Massif. Despite many years of research, the deep structure and the form of the massif has not been fully recognized. At present, geophysical and geological 3D modelling of borehole data is carried out using the OasisMontaj (Geosoft) software package. The 3D model is generated in the GeoModeller 3D application (Intrepid Geophysics) in order to recognize the geological correctness and interpretation of magnetic-gravity anomalies of the whole massif and its cover.

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New 40Ar-39Ar age constrains for magmatic and hydrothermal activity in the Holy Cross Mts. (southern Poland)

Nawrocki J., Salwa S., Pańczyk M.

Geological Quarterly

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2013

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Vol. 57, No. 3

551–-560

EN

New 40Ar-39Ar isotope ages of diabase intrusions from the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) confirm the presence of at least two events of Paleozoic magmatic activity in the study area. The oldest, latest Silurian/earliest Devonian (ca. 424–416 Ma) episode is recorded by a diabase from the Bardo Syncline (Zarobiny PIG-1 borehole) in the Kielce Region. A younger, Serpukhovian (ca. 331–323 Ma) event is documented by a diabase from the Milejowice-1 borehole drilled in the Łysogóry Region. The diabase intrusion penetrated by the Wzorki-1 borehole, also located in the Łysogóry Region, is most probably of the same age. It provided, however, consistent mid-Triassic (243 Ma) 40Ar-39Ar isotopic age reflecting its pervasive hydrothermal alteration. The first stage of the post-Caledonian hydrothermal activity in the Holy Cross Mts. which produced polymetallic copper and iron-bearing mineralisation may be linked with the younger magmatic phase defined here. The second stage of post-Caledonian hydrothermal activity in the Holy Cross Mts., associated with the lead-zinc mineralisation, may be correlated with the Middle Triassic hydrothermal event recorded in the Wzorki diabase. Suggestions of temporal relationships between magmatic/hydrothermal activities and mineralisation events should, however, be constrained by further detailed geochemical and mineralogical studies.

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Model przestrzenny intruzji bardziańskiej w okolicach Zagórza (region kielecki Gór Świętokrzyskich) w świetle wyników nowych badań magnetycznych

Nawrocki J., Polechońska O., Salwa S.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 12/2

1136-1142

EN

Detailed magnetic survey was performed in the western part of the Bardo Syncline (Kielce region of the Holy Cross Mts.). Geological map shows that the roots of the diabase intrusion that surrounds the Bardo Syncline should be occur at the surface in the study area. A shallow borehole of Zagórze PIG-1 was drilled at the place where the maximum anomaly of magnetic field was noted. Magnetic susceptibility and inclination of magnetic remanence of the drilled diabase and underlying Silurian sediments were measured. Based on these data and detailed magnetic survey, 2D magnetic modelling was carried out. Its results show that the shape of the Bardo intrusion in the area is not so complex as presented in the earlier works. Like in the eastern parts of the Bardo Syncline, there is one steep dyke that cuts pre-Silurian rocks. The dyke was spilled into Silurian strata. Its southern branch, observed in other parts of the Bardo Syncline, was not preserved in the study area, most probably due to erosion.

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Litostratygrafia dolnego syluru w odsłonięciu Bardo Stawy (południowa część Gór Świętokrzyskich) - związek ze zmianami poziomu morza i cyrkulacją oceaniczną

Trela W., Salwa S.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 11

971-978

EN

The lower Llandovery black radiolarian cherts and shales of the Bardo Formation are interpreted as transgressive to highstand deposits produced by the marine flooding initiated in latest Ordovician time (persculptus graptolite zone). This formation was divided into the Rembów radiolarian chert Member and Zbrza shale Member. The sedimentary record of the Rembów Member was folded due to the late Caledonian tectonic activity. The accumulation of the radiolarian cherts was influenced by an upwelling system generated by the SE trade winds, which were active along the southern margin of the southern Holy Cross Mountains.

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Wstępna charakterystyka strukturalno-petrograficzna fyllitów z Podmąchocic w regionie łysogórskim Gór Świętokrzyskich

Salwa S.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2006

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Vol. 54, nr 6

513-520

EN

Four tectonic deformation events are recorded in the Middle Cambrian rocks from Kamecznica Podmąchocicka. The D1 event took place in Cambrian and originated from tremor. Its structural record includes synsedimentary folds and seismites. The D2–D3, and most probably also D4, events resulted from progressive deformation produced by tectonic compression initially from NE and then NNE direction. Folding was accompanied by green facies metamorphism, which resulted in development of phyllites. Composition and characteristic deformations of minerals suggest that they were produced in temperature ranging from 300ş to 400şC and differential pressure above 1.7 kbar (170 MPa). The combined deformation and metamorphism resulted in three generations of foliation — S1 to S3 defined by crenulated cleavage planes. New blasts of quartz, small scale muscovite (sericite), chlorites and sporadically biotite grew within these cleavage planes. Deformations and metamorphism took place after the Middle Cambrian, but before the Late Silurian. It is indicated by presence of the quartzitic sandstone pebbles in the Miedziana Góra Conglomerates.

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Cambrian of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland; biostratigraphy of the Wiśniówka Hill succession

Żylińska A., Szczepanik Z., Salwa S.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2006

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Vol. 56, no. 4

443-461

EN

New acritarch data combined with the trilobite record date most of the Wiśniówka Hill succession (western part of Łysogóry, Holy Cross Mts.) as early Furongian (early late Cambrian). The taxonomic diversity and abundance of the acritarch assemblages allow a more precise age determination than previous studies, as well as correlation with contemporary associations from Baltica, Avalonia and West Gondwana. The stratigraphic significance of trilobite trace fossils within the succession is evaluated.

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Kambr górny we wschodniej części regionu kieleckiego Gór Świętokrzyskich : komunikat wstępny

Szczepanik Z., Trela W., Salwa S.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 9

895--898

EN

The paper deals with new data from Lenarczyce PIG 1 well that drilled the Upper Cambrian deposits – hitherto unknown in the southern part of the Holy Cross Mts. The sedimentary record is composed of conglomerates, sandstones and mudstones that form up to 90-m-thick succession. Preliminary palynological studies indicate presence of a morphologically variable and well preserved Upper Cambrian acritarch assemblage. The well log can be divided into two parts due to differences in the tectonic style arrangement. The lower part (from bottom [= ? m] up to the depth of 128 m) reveal strong tectonic deformation demonstrated by the changing dips from horizontal through vertical to reversed. To the contrary, the upper part (above 128 m depth) shows lesser dips alternation and lack of folds. Both recognized structural complexes yield completely different acritarch assemblages.

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The Ordovician rocks of Pobroszyn in the Łysogóry region of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Trela W., Salwa S., Szczepanik Z.

Geological Quarterly

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2001

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Vol. 45, No 2

143-154

EN

In the village of Pobroszyn near Opatów, a faulted section of Ordovician deposits represented by upper Tremadoc clayey-silty lithofacies, upper Arenig carbonate-phosphorite lithofacies and Upper Ordovician claystones with limestone interbeds, were identified. The upper Tremadoc is dated on basis of acritarch. This is the first time that upper Tremadoc deposits have been documented in the Łysogóry region. The late Arenig transgressive deposits were probably preceded by emergence in the latest Tremadoc and early Arenig. The Ordovician rocks from Pobroszyn are intensely tectonised. Two groups of faults, oblique and longitudinal, are distinguished. The first one strikes from 120-140°, and dip to NE at 40-45°, and the second one that strikes 15-25° and dips 65-80° to E.

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Skały krzemionkowe dewonu i karbonu Gór Świętokrzyskich - nowa koncepcja genezy

Migaszewski Z. M., Salwa S., Durakiewicz T.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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1999

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Vol. 47, nr 9

818-824

PL

W profilu dewonu środkowego i częściowo górnego (franu) oraz karbonu dolnego Gór Świętokrzyskich występują liczne nagromadzenia skał krzemionkowych. Badania litologiczne, petrograficzne i izotopowe wykazały, że wymienione skały utworzyły się w wyniku wielofazowej działalności podmorskich źródeł hydrotermalnych w obrębie dewońsko-karbońskiego basenu sedymentacyjnego. Badane krzemienie (w tym radiolaryty i lidyty) tworzyły się w zakresie temperatur od 86 do 258°C (przy założeniu, że *18OSMOW wody morskiej wynosiła -1‰). Wzbogacenie wody morskiej w krzemionkę determinowało rozwój gąbek i radiolarii. Sprawą otwartą pozostaje w dalszym ciągu problem genezy karbońskich łupków krzemionkowych, a szczególnie udziału w niej krzemionki pochodzenia piroklastycznego.