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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2022

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Modelling Assisted Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate using Surface Flow Constructed Wetland Enhanced by Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta

Ugya Adamu Yunusa, Meguellati Kamel

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 5

226--236

The current study is aiming to expose the efficiency of surface flow constructed wetland (CW) assisted by Pistia stratiote and Salvinia molesta in the remediation of landfill leachates. A laboratory-scale surface flow constructed wetland was constructed to imitate the characteristic of a natural pond. Composite sample of leachates was collected and transported to the laboratory for further analysis and studies. The removal efficiency of phenol, pesticides, sulphate, chloride, colour, turbidity, total suspend solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrate and heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Hg)). The removal of heavy metal ions in the CW was determined by using a phyto-system dynamic (phyto-SDA) model while the composite design (CCD) type of response surface methodology (RSM) was employed in this study for the optimization of pesticides and phenol removal from the landfill leachates by the constructed wetland (CW). The study also predicts that the deviation from the linearity between the heavy metals in the leachates and heavy metals in the sediment and in the plant tissues is influenced by the physicochemical status of the leachate and the mixed cultivation of Pistia stratiote and Salvinia molesta. The study reaffirms the role of sediments in the determination of the fate of heavy metals due to its crucial role in the bioavailability of heavy metals for uptake by P. stratiotes and S. molesta in a CW. The study also shows a positive effect of concentration and exposure time on the reduction efficiency of both pesticides and phenol. The result shows that exposure time and concentration of phenol and pesticides are useful in the optimization of the removal efficiency of pesticides and phenol.

Microalgae Biomass Modelling and Optimisation for Sustainable Biotechnology – A Concise Review

Ugya Adamu Yunusa, Meguellati Kamel

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 9

309--318

The autotrophic forms of microalgae are referred to as "efficient biological factories", because they play a significant role in CO2 removal from the atmosphere by utilizing it for the process of photosynthesis. The industrial application of microalgae biomass includes the production of cosmetics, health products, fertilisers, biofuel, feeds, and food. Microalgae biomass is also an important tool used in the treatment of wastewater. The current review is aimed at reviewing the progress and prospects of microalgae resource modelling and optimisation as a tool for sustainable biotechnology. The mechanism of biomass production by microalgae tends to vary according to whether the microalgae are autotrophic, heterotrophic, or mixotrophic organisms. In the current study, the modelling and optimisation of microalgae biomass production were discussed, as well as the modelling of CO2 sequestration, light intensity, nutrients, and photobioreactor. The role of microalgal biomass production in attaining sustainable biotechnology has also been extensively studied. Microalgae are an emerging tool used in the phycoremediation of wastewater and reduction of high CO2 level. The modelling and optimisation of microalgae biomass production will help to upscale the production of the microalgal based fuel and bioproducts from model scale to the money-making level.