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EN
Benthic foraminifera, tintinnids and calcareous dinocysts provide new important biostratigraphic data on the age of the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone Formation and Wysoka Turnia Limestone Formation of the NiedŸwiedŸ crag geological section in the Polish Western Tatra Mts. Foraminiferal assemblages of shallow- water limestones from the NiedŸwiedŸ section contain some stratigraphically significant species, including Haghimashella arcuata (Haeusler), Protomarssonella kummi (Zedler), Uvigerinammina uvigeriniformis (Seibold & Seibold) and Textulariopsis jurassica (Guembel). Sporadic planktonic microfossils, such as the tintinnid Tintinnopsella carpathica (Murgeanu & Filipescu), calcareous dinocysts (Cadosina minuta Borza, Colomisphaera lucida Borza, C. tenuis (Nagy), C. varia Øechanek and Parastomiosphaera malmica (Borza), have also been identified. On the basis of these microfossil assemblages the lower and middle parts of the NiedŸwiedŸ section was dated as the Lower Tithonian–Barremian. Limestones of the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone Formation section represent peloidal, peloidal-oolitic and peloidal-oolitic-bioclastic facies. Limestones from the Wysoka Turnia Limestone Formation of the NiedŸwiedŸ section was dated as the Upper Barremian–Lower Aptian, based on a specific composition of foraminifera assemblages, that suggest an eroded carbonate platform as a source of Urgonian-type carbonate material. The boundary between the formations occurs within a poorly dated interval (Valanginian–Barremian).
EN
The Mała Cave in Mułowa has been explored to a depth of 555 m at the beginning of the 21th century. It makes a good opportunity to review the knowledge on the geological structure of the Ciemniak Massif. The geological research was performed in two main conduits of the cave. The Mała Cave in Mułowa developed in Lower and Middle Triassic carbonates belonging to the dziary Unit (CzerwoneWierchy Nappe – part of the High-Tatric Allochthon), as well as in marly shales of the Zabijak Formation and limestones of the Wysoka Turnia Limestone Formation belonging to the High-Tatric Autochthon. The cave is the second outcrop of the lower limb of the main syncline of the dziary Unit. It follows that the dziary Unit in the Ciemniak area is represented by a recumbent, open syncline with completely preserved both limbs. This syncline is open northtoward . The fold axes are subhorizontal and the axis surface is inclined ~37o N. From a depth of 300 m (below the entrance), the cave was formed at the contact of Cretaceous rocks belonging to the autochthonous cover and Triassic rocks of the dziary Unit.
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