Quantifying the flow resistance in step-pool streams is of importance for studying the restoration of benthic animals and bedload transport. The Darcy–Weisbach friction factor of the total flow resistance is partitioned into components associated with grains, spills, and loose-packed particles. By extending the two-dimensional hydraulic radius, a new proposed rough ness height is applied to evaluate resistance components induced by spills and loose-packed particles. Three morphological patterns induced by different-magnitude foods can be classified to form different flow resistance components, depending on the morphological variation. The three components varying with hydraulic and geometric parameters by considering the closest-1 NSEI and smallest RMSE and MRE have been examined. It is found that the grain resistance factor component, in comparison with other factors, has a slight impact on hydraulic parameters. Hydraulic and geometric parameters have a significant influence on the spill resistance component, accounting for the main proportion of the total resistance. The resistance associated with loose-packed particles correlates with parameters due to the initial random movement of particles and abundant sources.
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