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Tree-ring widths and the stable isotope composition of pine tree-rings as climate indicators in the most industrialised part of Poland during CO2 elevation

Sensuła B., Wilczyński S.

Geochronometria

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2018

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Vol. 45, no. 1

130--145

EN

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in 16 sites in three industrial regions in Poland was analysed to delineate dendroclimatologically uniform areas. A dendrochronological and mass spectrometric analysis revealed the following: a dry and sunny previous September, low winter temperature, and moisture supply in July limit the radial growth of the pines in all the regions. The weather conditions of the current growing season have been the most strongly reflected in the isotopic ratio. Positive relationships were noted between δ13C and temperature and δ13C and sunshine. A negative relationship was observed between δ13C and precipitation and δ13C and humidity. At the same time, a positive relationship was noted between δ18O and sunshine and δ18O and temperature, but negative between δ18O and humidity. The climate signal recorded in the stable isotope composition was temporally unstable and only for a few of the climatic parameters did we find temporally stable climate signals. However, variability in the strength and direction of the relationships between variables has been observed. In general, the weather in July and August is important for determining the δ13C and δ18O signals. Instability can reflect the physiological adaptation of the plants to changes in the ecosystem.

2

Variations of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood of pine growing in the area nearby chemical factories

Sensuła B., Wilczyński S., Monin L., Allan M., Pazdur A., Fagel N.

Geochronometria

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2017

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Vol. 44, no. 1

226--239

EN

This study reports the variation of tree-ring widths and annual variation of concentration of metals (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) in pine growing nearby chemical factories. The conifers (Pinus silvestris L.) investigated in this study covered the time span from 1920s to 2010 AD. Tree-ring widths were measured, dated and rechecked using the COFECHA. Radial trace-element profiles were determined by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The combined usage of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood provides historic records of anthropogenic impact on the environment and allows identifying the behavior adaptation of trees to the pollution. Data of pine tree cores collected from the sites nearby chemical factories show increasing levels of pollution linked to the increasing of industrial activities in Poland and subsequent dust fallout around the site. This study evidences that tree rings can be used as archives of past environmental contamination.

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Climatic signals in tree-ring width and stable isotopes composition of Pinus sylvestris L. Growing in the industrialized area nearby Kędzierzyn-Koźle

Sensuła B., Wilczyński S.

Geochronometria

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2017

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Vol. 44, no. 1

240--255

EN

The main aims of these studies were dendrochronological and mass spectrometric analysis of the impact of climate on tree rings width and stable isotopes composition in pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The conifers were growing in the vicinity of chemical and nitrogen factories in Kędzierzyn-Koźle (Poland) in the period of time from 1920s to 2012 AD. The combined usage of tree ring width and isotopic composition data provides historic records of the environment changes. These data allows identifying the behavior adaptation of pine growing under pollution stress to climate changes. The incremental rhythm of the studied pine populations was not identical, probably due to their different sensitivities to some climatic factors. This study evidences that the isotopic records in tree-rings α-cellulose may be sensitive bio-indicators of the way that the components of air and water may be changed by the trees in response to the climate changes and anthropogenic effects. The water use efficiency may be strongly correlated with variability of the surface temperature that may be due to increase of CO2 emission.

4

Influence of climate change on carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation factors between glucose and α-cellulose of pine wood

Sensuła B., Pazdur A.

Geochronometria

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2013

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Vol. 40, no. 2

145--152

EN

We present the first analysis of the influence of climate change on carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation factors for two saccharides (glucose and α-cellulose ) of pine wood. The conifers grew in the Niepołomice Forest in Poland and the annual rings covered a time span from 1935 to 2000 AD. Glucose samples from acid hydrolysis of α-cellulose were extracted from annual tree rings. The carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation factors between glucose and α-cellulose were not stable over time. The mean value for the carbon isotope fractionation factors between glucose and α-cellulose was greater than unity. The mean value for the oxygen isotope fractionation factors be-tween glucose and α-cellulose was lower than unity. We established, with respect to climate change, the significance of the interannual and intraannual variation in the carbon and oxygen isotope frac-tionation factors between both saccharides. We used moving interval correlation results for May of the previous year through September of the current year using a base length of 48 years. The relation-ship with summer temperature is the main climate signal in the carbon isotope fractionation factor be-tween glucose and α-cellulose. The relationship with autumn sunshine is the main climate signal in the oxygen isotope fractionation factor between glucose and α-cellulose for the tree ring chronology.

5

Carbon and oxygen isotope composition of organic matter and carbonates in recent lacustrine sediments

Sensuła B., Böttger T., Pazdur A., Piotrowska N., Wagner R.

Geochronometria

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2006

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Vol. 25

77-94

EN

The distribution of stable isotopes (18O and 13C) and radiocarbon in organic materials, carbonates and water samples collected from the environment of lacustrine sediments in Gościąż Lake (Central Poland) and Wigry Lake (NE Poland) were investigated. The oxygen and carbon isotopic analysis of terrestrial semi submerged and submerged plants, shells and water samples were compared with the results of the uppermost sediments from lakes. It was found that the concentration of isotopes in different components of organic and carbonate materials in lakes and their environments are reflected in isotope composition averaging of lakes sediments, whereas the isotope composition of plants and carbonate depends on biogeochemical factors. The research carried out revealed significant variations in the distribution of the stable isotopes and 14C in different elements of lacustrine ecosystem. We have analyzed mean values and variations of 14C concentration, δ18O, δ13C of plants, carbonates and the relationship between the total content of carbon and δ13C. In the case of plants, the isotope composition depends also on the physiognomy and the photosynthesis pathway. We noticed variations in δ13C and δ18O within plant tissues, variations in δ13C among whole tissue material and alphacellulose, carbon isotopic composition of photosynthetically fixed carbon and syntaxonomic dependences and then we compared the results of isotope composition of plants and carbonates in Wigry Lake and Gościąż Lake.