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Surface Modification of Self-Consolidated Microporous Ti Implant Compacts Fabricated by Electro-Discharge-Sintering in Air

Jo Y. J., Yoon Y. H., Kim Y. H., Chang S. Y., Kim J. Y., Lee Y. K., Van Tyne C. J., Lee W. H.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2017

Vol. 62, iss. 2B

1287--1291

A single pulse of 0.75-2.0 kJ/0.7g of atomized spherical Ti powders from 300 mF capacitor was applied to produce a microporous Ti implant compact by electro-discharge-sintering (EDS). A solid core in the middle of the compact surrounded by a microporous layer was found. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to study the surface characteristics of the EDS Ti compact and it revealed that Ti, C and O were the main constituents on the surface with a smaller amount of N. The surface was lightly oxidized and was primarily in the form of TiO2 resulting from the air oxidation during EDS processing. The lightly oxidized surface of the EDS compact also exhibited Ti nitrides such as TiN and TiON, which revealed that the reaction between air constituents and the Ti powders even in times as short as 128 msec.

Self-Consolidation Mechanism Of Porous Ti-6Al-4V Implant Prototypes Produced By Electro-Discharge-Sintering Of Spherical Ti-6Al-4V Powders

Lee W. H., Jo Y. J., Kim Y. H., Jo Y. H., Seong J. G., Van Tyne C. J., Chang S. Y.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2015

Vol. 60, iss. 2B

1185--1189

Electro-Discharge-Sintering (EDS) was employed to fabricate Ti-6Al-4V porous implant prototypes from atomized powders (100 – 150 μm), that were subjected to discharges of 0.75 to 2.0 kJ/0.7g-powder from 150, 300, and 450 μF capacitors. Both fully porous and porous-surfaced Ti-6Al-4V compacts with various solid core sizes were self-consolidated in less than 86 – 155 μsec. It is known that EDS can simultaneously produce the pinch pressure to squeeze and deform powder particles and the heat to weld them together. The formation of a solid core in these prototypes depends on the amounts of both the pinch pressure and heat generated during a discharge. The size of the solid core and the thickness of the porous layer can be successfully controlled by manipulating the discharge conditions such as input energy and capacitance.