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Environmental assessment of the exploitation of diesel engines powered by biofuels

Grzelak Paulina Luiza, Żółtowski Andrzej

Combustion Engines

2020

R. 59, nr 1

31--35

Many factors, such as climate change and the associated risk of increasing the average temperature on the globe, energy security and the finishing of fossil fuel deposits have caused other renewable energy sources to be sought. Transport, as a branch of industry largely responsible for air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in large cities, requires the necessary changes in the way vehicles are powered. Until now, the fuels available at petrol stations use admixtures of first generation biofuels, such as bioethanol, as a 5% additive to motor gasolines and biodiesel (FAME) as a 7% additive to diesel oil. The article presents the idea of biorefinery installations, specifies the spectrum of substrates of the second and advanced generations, which may be a biorefinery input, including waste oils that can be used to produce hydrogenated HVO vegetable oils and other high-value products. The paper presents he existing biorefinery plant in Venice resulting from the transformation of a conventional oil refinery in which HVO fuel is produced. The article also presents the parameters of this new biofuel and compared them with the parameters of other fuels used to power self-ignition engines, such as FAME and diesel, along with discussing the prospects for HVO fuel development in Europe.

Swedish Urban Transport Model Powered by Biomethane

Żółtowski Andrzej

Logistics and Transport

2019

Vol. 41, No. 1

137--143

In the recent years, the European Community has been implementing a plan to increase the share of renewable fuels used for energy production and powering vehicles. It aims to partially reduce the dependence on crude oil imports and reduce CO2 emission. Particularly interesting are the achievements of Sweden against this background, for which the European Commission has set the highest value of the indicator, and to implement which Sweden adopted unconventional solutions across Europe. One of them is the plan to eliminate by the 2030 fossil fuels from the urban transport, and one of the fuels that is to replace today still widely used diesel oil, would be biomethane. The article describes the reasons and circumstances which made Sweden use biomethane to power buses used in urban transport on a very large scale, in comparison with other European countries. The article shows the characteristics of this fuel, the method of its production and application prospects.