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1
Content available Producibility of the ion-exchange method in manufacturing gradient refractive index in glass
Rogoziński R.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2014
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Vol. 62, nr 4
655-665
EN
This paper presents the technological aspect of application of the ion exchange method in producing gradient refractive index in glass. The possibility of predictable and repeatable producing of the changes in glass refraction with the use of this method has been presented, as well as the method of in situ control of the process of diffusion doping of glass based on the measurement of the temperature. This method is based on simultaneous (to the carried process) solving the nonlinear diffusion equation modeling the spatio-temporal changes in normalized concentration of the admixture ions in glass. For this purpose the knowledge of temperature characteristics of diffusion coefficients of exchanged ions is used. The result of such control of diffusion processes is information on the current (temporary) refractive index profile of the resulting waveguide. The presented method of control has been confirmed by experimental results, which concern modeling and measurements of planar waveguide structures of slab type. The proposed methodology can also be used to control the diffusion processes of producing another type of two- and three-dimensional gradient structures. According to the author’s knowledge the method mentioned above has not been described in literature before.
2
Analiza możliwości wykorzystania siatek długookresowych w strukturach gradientowych światłowodów planarnych
Kotyczka T., Rogoziński R.
Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania
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2012
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Vol. 53, nr 11
25-29
PL
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono analizę możliwości wykorzystania siatek długookresowych w strukturach gradientowych światłowodów planarnych (LPWG - Long Period Waveguide Grating) jako filtrów widmowych w zakresie widzialnym. Zaprezentowano wpływ procesów technologicznych oraz parametrów siatek na otrzymywane w wyniku symulacji numerycznych charakterystyki rezonansowe oraz widma transmisyjne układów LPWG. Całość obliczeń wykonywana była z uwzględnieniem rzeczywistych właściwości materiałowych (szkło BK7 domieszkowane jonami potasu) w oparciu o konkretne procesy technologiczne.
EN
In this analysis the possibility of long period gratings usage as visible range spectrum filters on planar gradient waveguides (LPWG) was presented. The influence of technological proceses as well as gratings parameters on received resonance profiles and spectrum characteristics was shown. These calculations was based on the real material properties (BK7 glass doped with potassium ions) as well as specific technological processes.
3
Content available remote Optical channel structures based on sol-gel derived waveguide films
Karasiński P., Tyszkiewicz C., Rogoziński R.
Optica Applicata
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2011
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Vol. 41, nr 2
351--357
EN
Rib waveguides were fabricated with the use of selective, wet chemical etching of two-component waveguide films SiO2:TiO2 which were obtained using the sol-gel method. Photoresist was applied as a mask in the process. The etching of the layers SiO2:TiO2 was carried out in water solutions of ammonia fluoride. The paper presents the results of theoretical analysis as well as the power distributions in the obtained strip waveguides and directional couplers.
4
Content available Żebrowe światłowody paskowe do zastosowań sensorowych
Karasiński P., Rogoziński R., Tyszkiewicz C.
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
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2010
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R. 56, nr 6
541-543
PL
Zmiany efektywnych współczynników załamania w czujnikach światłowodowych pracujących w oparciu o spektroskopię pola zanikającego mierzone są z zastosowaniem sprzęgaczy siatkowych lub interferometrów. Podstawowym elementem interferometrów planarnych są światłowody paskowe. Przedstawiana praca dotyczy żebrowych światłowodów paskowych. Otrzymywane metodą zol-żel warstwy falowodowe SiO2:TiO2 są selektywnie maskowane z zastosowaniem tradycyjnej fotolitografii a następnie trawione chemicznie. W ten sposób zostały wytwarzane jednomodowe żebrowe światłowody paskowe i sprzęgacze kierunkowe. W pracy przedstawione są wyniki analizy teoretycznej światłowodów żebrowych i wyniki badań eksperymentalnych wytworzonych struktur.
EN
Basic elements of planar interferometers are the channel waveguides. Presented work refers to the channel rib waveguides. In our previous work [7] we offered the production method of rib channel waveguides with the application of traditional photolithography and wet chemical etching of sol-gel derived silica-titania waveguide films. In this work we present new results of our research on rib waveguides and directional couplers. The theoretical analysis of rib waveguides was presented as well as the results of experimental investigations on the fabricated structures. The investigations on channel waveguides of the rib height of 5 nm was carried out for wavelengths: λ=677 nm. The waveguide films used in rib waveguides manufacturing technology are characterized by high refractive index (˜1.8) and ultra-low attenuation of 0.15 dB/cm. Rib waveguides of width w<4 Μm are monomode. For the rib waveguides we obtained the attenuation of (1.5š0.1) dB/cm. Rib waveguides of such an attenuation can be applied in the technology of integrated optics systems in sensor applications, and in particular for the construction of interferometers of Mach-Zehnder, Young or Michelson. The improvement of technology, and in particular the improvement in the quality of photolithographic masks should contribute to further decrease of attenuation of the produced rib waveguides.
5
Content available Metoda pomiaru modowej dyspersji chromatycznej w światłowodach planarnych
Rogoziński R.
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
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2007
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R. 53, nr 9 bis
273--276
PL
W pracy zaproponowana została metoda pomiarów właściwości dyspersyjnych efektywnych współczynników załamania modów światłowodów planarnych w zakresie widzialnym widma. Wykorzystuje ona monochromator, sprzęgacz pryzmatyczny i kamerę CCD. W pomiarach rejestruje się obrazy widm modowych dla różnych długości fal zadawanych za pomocą monochromatora. Znajomość dyspersji chromatycznej sprzęgacza pryzmatycznego pozwala na wyznaczanie zależności dyspersyjnych efektywnych współczynników załamania modów falowodowych.
EN
The method of the measurement modal chromatic dispersion in planar waveguides in the visible range of the spectrum has been proposed in the work. This method make use of monochromator, prism coupler and CCD camera. In the measurements, the visible image of modal spectrum has been logged for the various lengths of waves from monochromator. The knowledge of the prism coupler chromatic dispersion makes possible to calculate modal dispersion properties of waveguides.
6
Content available remote Optical waveguides produced in ion exchange process from the solutions of AgNO₃-NaNO₃ for planar chemical amplitude sensors
Rogoziński R., Karasiński P.
Opto-Electronics Review
|
2005
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Vol. 13, No. 3
229-238
EN
The paper presents the results of studies on the production of planar optical waveguides to be applied in amplitude chemical sensors, using ion exchange technique Ag+<=>Na+ from the solutions of AgNO₃-NaNO₃. Substrates from BK-7 glass and from soda-lime glass were applied. The influence of the parameters of the applied technologies on the shape of refractive index profiles of the produced planar waveguides was presented. For the produced waveguides the dependence was determined between modal attenuation coefficients as the function of mode order as well as the uniformity parameters of modes reaction with absorption sensor layer.
7
Content available remote Refractive index profiles of planar waveguides produced in electrodiffusion processes
Rogoziński R.
Optica Applicata
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2004
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Vol. 34, nr 4
490-505
EN
The paper presents the results of investigation which demonstrate the possibilities to shape refractive index profiles of planar waveguides produced in glass using the ion exchange technique with the application of electrodiffusion processes with the change of direction of electric field polarization. We also attempted to determine equilibrium concetration of mobile glass ions based on the value of electric charge passing through glass in the electrodiffusion process.
8
Content available remote Planar gradient tapered wavequide in glass
Rogoziński R.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2001
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Vol. 9, No. 3
326-330
EN
The paper presents fabrication technology of planar gradient tapered wavequide structures using the ion exchange technique in glass. Theoretical predictions of model properties have been compared with experimental results. Application possibilities of these wavequides in sensor related techniques have been pointed too.
9
Content available remote Present state and perspectives involving application of ion exchange in glass
Opilski A., Rogoziński R., Gut K., Błachut M., Opilski Z.
Opto-Electronics Review
|
2000
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Vol. 8, No. 2
117-127
EN
This paper presents recent developments in investigations of glass intregrated optical circuit. Components are realised by the waveguide technologies: single ion exchange, creating of buried strip waveguides, double ion exchange, and doped glass strip waveguides. Moreover, double refraction of glass planar waveguides, equipment and elements on glass planar waveguides and multimode interference structures in the technology of elements of integrated optics and plasmon interaction are illustrated.
10
Planar Gradient Tapered Waveguide in Glass
Rogoziński R.
Molecular and Quantum Acoustics
|
2000
|
Vol. 21
237-246
11
Optical Planar Chemical Sensor with Amplitude Modulation -Theoretical Analysis
Karasiński P., Rogoziński R.
Molecular and Quantum Acoustics
|
2000
|
Vol. 21
117-122
EN
The paper presents theoretical analysis of planar optical waveguide of the chemical sensor with amplitude modulation. The analysis of the investigated structure is focused on refractive profiles made using ion exchange in glass as well as on the parameters of sensor layer madę using sol-gel technique. The influence of waveguide parameters, sensor layer parameters (refractive index and thickness) and refractive index of the environment on attenuation coefficients of the guided modes are considered. For the theoretical analysis of the iiwestigated structures the Vassell's matrix method has been used.
12
Content available remote Automation of set-ups for the measurement of refractive index profile and attenuation in planar waveguides.
Opilski Z., Rogoziński R.
Optica Applicata
|
1999
|
Vol. 29, nr 1-2
87-93
EN
The paper presents the structure of computer-controlled set-up for the measurement of refractive index distribution using the measurement of synchronous angles and the IWKB method. Also, a method for measuring planar waveguide is carried out by means of immersion liquid. It ensures stability of the coupling with the waveguide being measured and, furthermore, it enables full automation of the measurement process, as well as its application in the elaboration of measurement results.
13
Content available remote Applicability of interference TE0-TM0 modes and TE0-TE1 modes to the construction of waveguide sensor.
Gut K., Krasiński P., Wójcik W., Rogoziński R., Opilski Z, Opilski A.
Optica Applicata
|
1999
|
Vol. 29, nr 1-2
101-109
EN
The paper presents exemplary application of the interference TE0-TM0 modes to monitor the presence of water vapour and ammonia. Also the possibility of applying the mode in interference of the same polarization states (TE0-TM1) to monitor the changes of refractive index are presented. The planar waveguides have been produced using the ion exchange technique Na+ - K+ in the glass BK-7.
14
Content available remote Electrodiffusion processes with the conversion of polarization direction of electric field in the formation of planer waveguide structures using ion exchange technique in glass.
Rogoziński R.
Optica Applicata
|
1998
|
Vol. 28, nr 4
331-343
EN
The paper presents the results of investigation involving electrodiffusion processes with the changes of the direction of electric field polarization. The ion exchange model has been described, which allows for the dependence of diffusion constants on their normalized concentrations. Experimental results have been compared with the predicted theoretical ones for the assumed ion exchange model.
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