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1 2019

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Potential Attractiveness of Soil Fungus Trichoderma Inhamatum for Biodegradation of the Glyphosate Herbicide

Kunanbayev Kairat, Churkinа Galina, Rukavitsina Irina, Filippova Nadegda, Utebayev Maral

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 11

240--245

The T. inhamatum F6–2014 fungus was isolated from the black soils of Northern Kazakhstan in stationary experiments with many years of herbicide use. The research was aimed at studying the biodegrading activity of T. inhamatum in relation to an herbicide with the glyphosate active ingredient, both in vitro and in situ. Under the laboratory conditions, the highest growth rate of a colony of T. inhamatum was observed in the reference variant, and reached 49.0 ± 2.5 mm. During the field experiments, a significant increase was noted in the microbial biomass (MB) on the first day in the herbicidal variants and ranged from 239.2 to 322.8 µg/g of soil. On the 15th day, the level of MB in all herbicide variants increased 1.6–2.1 times, and in the reference – 2.3 times. By the second month, the level of MB reduced 1.5–2.0 times in all variants. By the third month of the studies, the greatest MB decrease was noted in the reference – 82.8 µg/g. The level of urease activity during the first day in all variants, including the reference, ranged between 0.12–0.15 mg/g of soil. On the 15th day, a significant (3.3 times) increase in the urease activity was noted in the variants with glyphosate, compared to the reference. Subsequently, the difference in the level of enzyme activity was insignificant between the variants. The MB and the urease activity in the first fifteen days increase due to the more active decomposition of glyphosate by strain.