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Investigations on Mechanical Properties of Bio-Waste Micro Particles Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Composites

Sujin Jose A., Athijayamani A., Jani S. P., Stalany Mago V., Khan Adam M.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2022

Vol. 67, iss. 1

377--384

A characteristic study on the phenol formaldehyde (PF) composite is carried out based on the micro level bio waste particles such as wood sawdust (WSD) and coir pith (CP). Composite is characterized by mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact at different percentages of particles (0-50% by weight) to find out the optimum percentage of particle loading to get the maximum properties. The WSD/CP/PF hybrid composite is also prepared by two different methods i.e., one: one (1:1) ratio and rule of mixture. The first method (1:1) is used to find out the optimum level of hybrid particles loading to get the maximum properties. But, the second method is followed to find out the weight percentages of particles influencing the properties of resulting composite. The results show that the mechanical properties of WSD/PF are higher than CP/PF composite in the entire particle loading. The optimum particle loading to get the maximum properties is 40 wt.% in CP/PF composite, whereas for WSD/PF composite are at 30 wt.%. The hybrid composite (1:1) also gives the maximum properties at 30 wt.%. Moreover, the hybrid composite (20WSD/10CP) prepared by rule of mixture showed the highest mechanical properties compared to the other particle loading. It is identified that the WSD particles are most influencing the properties of PF composites than the CP particles. Fractographic study was performed using scanning electron microscope to examine the failure mechanism of the composite specimens.

Effects of Aspect Ratio and Loading on the Mechanical Properties of Prosopis Juliflora Fibre-reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Composites

Sujin Jose A., Athijayamani A., Ramanathan K., Sidhardhan S.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

2017

Vol. 25, no. 4 (124)

59--64

In this paper, an attempt was made to use Prosopis juliflora fibres (PJFs) as a reinforcing agent for phenol formaldehyde (PF) composites. Mechanical properties of the composites were studied for various fibre aspect ratios (FAR) and fibre loadings (FL). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the fractured surface of the composites. The peak range of mechanical properties was identified for composites with a FAR of 136 and fibre loading of 23.53 wt%. This study shows that the optimum FAR and fibre loading for PJFs were found to be 136 and 23.53 wt% in order to achieve good reinforcement with better mechanical properties in the PF resin matrix. Experimental results were observed to be in very good agreement with the theoretical.

W pracy podjęto próbę wykorzystania włókien Prosopis juliflora jako środka wzmacniającego żywice fenolowo-formaldehydowe. Przy użyciu elektronowego mikroskopu skaningowego zbadano powierzchnie przełomu kompozytów. Dla różnych wartości wydłużenia włókien (46, 136 i 227 mm) i udziału procentowego włókien w matrycy (4.88, 10.34, 16.51, 23.53 i 31.58 wt%) zbadano właściwości mechaniczne kompozytów. Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że optymalne wydłużenie i zawartość włókien w matrycy to odpowiednio 136 mm i 23,53 wt%. Wyniki eksperymentalne charakteryzowały się dobrą korelacją z wynikami teoretycznymi.