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Study on Possible Replacement of the Aluminum Spar with a Composite Structure Illustrated with the Case of Agricultural Aircraft

Fałek M., Szymczyk E., Jachimowicz J.

Fatigue of Aircraft Structures

2017

Iss. 9

85--99

Composite materials are increasingly being used in aviation. Specific stiffness and strength of composite materials (especially CFRP laminate, sandwich structure) are higher compared to metal alloys. They are beneficial features of materials used in aviation. Mass reduction of aircraft structures (e.g. due to the use of composite materials) contributes to an aircraft’s better performance in terms of its range, top speed and ceiling and consequently causes an increase in airplanes capacity. Moreover, the use of high-strength and lightweight materials in aviation contributes to longer life time and lower exploitation costs. The aim of the paper was the study the possibilities of replacing the aluminum spar of an airplane wing with a composite structure. In order to compare the mass and strength of the aluminum with the composite spar, the global shell and local solid models were created and finite elements analysis was performed. The analysis was carried out for the front spar of the wing of the agricultural aircraft PZL-106.

Wpływ zawartości pigmentów i wypełniaczych na białość powłok malarskich

Konca P., Fałek M.

Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce

2007

T. 2

133-136

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań laboratoryjnych zestawów próbek i określono wpływ zawartości poszczególnych składników na białość powłok. W pomiarach składowych trójchromatycznych barwy wykorzystano spektrofotometr. Zastosowano przy pomiarach białości i różnicy barwy iluminant D65 o temperaturze barwy wynoszącej 6504K, emitowany przez lampę ksenonową oraz obserwatora 10°.

This paper presents the results of laboratories investigations were introduced on 12 sets of semples. Whiteness of paints was determined by different components. The spectrophotometer were used for high-precision analysis of colour. An instrument with 0/d optical geometry illuminates the sample at the normal angle (0 degrees) and collects the light reflected in all directions.