Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Regenerating Etching Solutions for Circuit Boards while Extracting Copper

Nester Anatoliy, Yakovyshyna Tetiana, Salamon Ivan, Sheludchenko Lesya, Liubynskyi Oleksandr, Romanishina Olga, Dzhumelia Elvira

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 5

257--267

EN

The examination of sludge derived from electroplating manufacturing, printed circuit board production, and paste-like residue from sludge collectors uncover elevated levels of chromium, nickel, copper, cadmium, and various metals. The considerable saturation of water in the region and diverse soil compositions complicate the identification of suitable waste disposal sites, specifically for electroplating byproducts, limiting available spaces and fostering conditions conducive to soil and water contamination by heavy metal ions. The retention of used etching solutions within industrial facilities contributes to environmental pollution, necessitating substantial expenditures for proper disposal at manufacturing sites. Industrial waste, notably from processes such as printed circuit board etching, represents a significant threat to water quality, encompassing various essential technological processes for the production of diverse electronic equipment serving both civilian and military purposes. This article aims to present research outcomes and conducted experiments geared towards developing eco-friendly equipment. Also, the research delves into specific procedures for obtaining concentrated copper precipitates during the regeneration of etching solutions, with the extraction process reducing the generation of waste in the form of a paste-like structure saturated with water on industrial premises. The treatment of wastewater from etching printed circuit boards can be achieved by establishing a closed production cycle for board manufacturing and extracting copper for industrial applications. Finally, the research strives to design equipment for regenerating used solutions with metal extraction in a form suitable for remelting, contributing as an element to environmental conservation. The results facilitate the establishment of a printed circuit board etching line that incorporates the reuse of spent etching solutions in the manufacturing process. For solution regeneration, it is recommended to utilize a regenerator with a titanium VT1-0 cathode. The outcomes of individual tests provide conditions for regenerating spent etching solutions and utilizing the extracted copper in the national economy.

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Web-Based Information and Analytical Monitoring System Tools – Online Visualization and Analysis of Surface Water Quality of Mining and Chemical Enterprises

Bernatska Natalia, Dzhumelia Elvira, Dyakiv Vasyl, Mitryasova Olena, Salamon Ivan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 3

99--108

EN

An analysis of the quality of surface water of State Enterprise Rozdil Mining and Chemical Enterprise ‘Sirka’ was carried out. It was established that in order to ensure ecological balance in the zone of influence of this enterprise, it is necessary to conduct regular monitoring observations, maintenance, supervision and control over the condition of hydraulic structures, elimination of sources of pollution. The obtained research results indicate that there is a need to create an information and analytical monitoring system in order to effectively store, process, and analyze the data based on the principles of comprehensive environmental monitoring for the collection, storage, and processing of data on pollution of various elements of the environment, which will provide forecasting of environmental changes in the territory of the mining and chemical enterprise. On the basis of the obtained research results, a web application was created based on an interactive map of water sampling points, visualization of the obtained results of hydrochemical monitoring of Rozdil Lakes, and a forecast of the state of the water environment.

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Information Supply of Hydrotechnical Reconstruction Concept of Stebnyk Tailings Storage (Ukraine)

Mokryi Volodymyr, Petrushka Ihor, Dyakiv Vasyl, Dzhumelia Elvira, Salamon Ivan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 2

120--130

EN

The ecological condition of the Stebnyk tailings storage during the period of its operation and the development of the processes of filling it with brines to a critical level are analyzed. It is shown that the main reason for the current state of crisis of this object is its incorrect operation and the lack of an effective system for collecting and removing atmospheric water. The concept of hydro-technical reclamation of the tailings storage through the creation of the Stebnyk hydropark has been developed. The proposed technical solutions for the hydro-technical reclamation of the tailings storage include proposals for the design of a network of direct distribution and outlet channels on the territory of the already dry section No. 1, for the unloading of section No. 2. The design of the hydro-technical system “tailing storage – direct distribution and outlet channels channels” is based on a mathematical model of the water balance in conditions of continuous replenishment of ground and surface water and an increase in their level. The proposed hydro-technical network will provide control over the level of brines and discharge of water from the tailings storage facility. Geoinformation technologies were used to visualize the proposed technical solutions for the hydro-technical reclamation of the tailings storage. The implementation of the developed project proposals will ensure an environmentally safe hydrodynamic state of the “tailings storage – direct distribution and outlet channels” system, which will eliminate the threat of brine overflow through the protective dam, as well as the threat of dam breach and brine flow into water objects. Hydro-technical reclamation will ensure the environmental safety of human activities and water ecosystems of the water network of the Dniester river basin.

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Methods of Soils Pollution Spread Analysis: Case Study of Mining and Chemical Enterprise in Lviv Region (Ukraine)

Dzhumelia Elvira, Pohrebennyk Volodymyr

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 4

39--44

EN

This study is dedicated to the assessment of the heavy metal pollution of soil by determining the category of soil contamination due to the activities of mining and chemical enterprise. The X-Ray Diffraction method was used experimentally to determine the qualita-tive and quantitative composition of heavy metals and other inorganic elements in samples, soil pollution with heavy metals. Main sources of heavy metals in industrial waste are identified. The environmental pollution with some heavy metals (Sr, Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn) was assessed and exceeded the MPC. The ecological situation of soil contamination with heavy metals near tars on the study area territory is estimated in the category from permissible pollution to hazardous pollution. Soil near the phosphogypsum dump is classified as an acceptable, moderately dangerous, and dangerous category of soil pollution. It was established that at a distance of 20 m from the tailings the soils belong to the dangerous category of soil, closer to the tailings – to moderately dangerous. The value of the concentration coefficient indicates the activity of leaching processes (Cc < 1) and accumulation (Cc > 1) of substances in the genetic horizons of the soil. It is necessary to forecast the state of the environment in the area of influence of these enterprises to develop effective means of ensuring environmental safety.

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Environmental Monitoring of Soils of Post-Industrial Mining Areas

Pohrebennyk Volodymyr, Koszelnik Piotr, Mitryasova Olena, Dzhumelia Elvira, Zdeb Monika

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 9

53--61

EN

The ecological situation in most mining regions of Ukraine is critical, and the closure of unprofitable mining enterprises, mines and cuts creates the environmental problems associated with significant changes in the geological and hydrological environment. The purpose of the work is the environmental monitoring of heavy metals in the soils in the territory of Rozdil State Mining and Chemical Enterprise (SMCE) "Sirka" at the stage of liquidation.The object of the study involves the heavy metals in soils in the territory of Rozdil SMCE "Sirka". The subject of the study is to evaluate the content of heavy metals and migration aspects in soils. In this work, the parameters of soil pollution with heavy metals were determined experimentally. On the example of Rozdil SMCE "Sirka", the main problems of the monitoring system of the territory of the mining and chemical enterprise at the stage of liquidation were proven. The influence of the mining and chemical enterprise on the state of environmental pollution (soil, water environment, and waste management status) was also assessed. The ecological balance of the territory is violated due to the fact that the elimination of negative technical manifestations of the enterprise activity was considered unprofitable for a long time. The development of monitoring techniques for man-made landscapes, along with the development of methods for diagnosing the specifics of their functioning and technologies for reclamation, is an integral part of multidisciplinary research on environmental imbalances, which is caused by the transformation of natural landscapes into man-made. The necessity of developing the information-analytical system for the monitoring of the Rozdil State Mining and Chemical Enterprise (SMCE) "Sirka" territory at the stage of liquidation was substantiated. It was established that the monitoring of the territory of the mining and chemical enterprise at the stage of liquidation will allow increasing the level of environmental safety of the territory of the enterprise and the surrounding settlements. Monitoring is one of the main stages of the liquidation and reclamation process and should be carried out at all stages of liquidation. In addition to the monitoring system in the process of liquidation and in the post-reclamation period, the liquidation project should include an environmental analysis of the enterprise activities and environmental forecasting.