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1

Morphological features of river channels and floodplains in the Far East of Russia under various natural conditions

Chernov A. V.

Geography and Tourism

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2018

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Vol. 6, No. 1

55--59

EN

Geographical analysis of river channel processes in rivers located along the meridional transect, running from the Arctic Ocean coast to Tibet and the East China Sea, confirmed that fluvial processes dominate in the formation of morphology and dynamics of river channels and floodplains in all natural zones and under different conditions of channel deformation development. However, even a small disturbance in “climate” conditions by other exogenous geomorphological processes changes the morphology and dynamics of channels and floodplains as well as the dynamics of fluvial processes. The effect of zonal factors depends on the size of a given river and is more pronounced in medium and small rivers than the large ones. Furthermore, the effect of zonal factors on the processes of river channels and floodplains depends on specific environmental conditions of the climate zones: the more extreme the manifestation of certain climatic phenomena, the more pronounced they are in the morphology and dynamics of river channels and floodplains.

2

Development of the Vychegda-Vyatka-Kama drainage basin and changes in the outflow directions related to the Late-Glacial morphological conditions (North-Eastern European Russia)

Nazarov N. N., Kopytov S. V., Chernov A. V.

Geography and Tourism

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2018

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Vol. 6, No. 1

15--19

EN

The paper describes the features of the drainage system development in the upper Kama basin. Two buried river valleys were identified within the Kama-Pechora-Vychegda watershed. The upper courses of the Kama, the Vychegda, the Pechora and their tributaries likely belonged either to the White Sea basin, or the Caspian Basin. The southern direction of the outflow corresponded to the location of the palaeovalleys of the Pra-Kolva and the Pra-Vishera. The northern direction corresponded to the location of ancient hollows in the present valleys of the tributaries of the Kama. It is believed that the upper Kama was connected with the Vychegda basin. The geological structure of the palaeovalley has recorded a long period of joint development of the hydrosystems of the Kama and the Vyatka. The basins were divided only in the Late Neo-Pleistocene. The rivers regenerated in the Middle and Late Neo-Pleistocene after the lakes had flowed into the Kolva-Vishera basin in the east and into the Pra-Vyatka basin in the west.

3

Reconstruction of local environments of ancient population in a changeable river valley landscape (the middle Vychegda River, Northern Russia)

Karmanov V. N., Zaretskaya N. E., Panin A. V., Chernov A. V.

Geochronometria

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2011

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Vol. 38, no. 2

128-137

EN

In river valleys, both human occupation and subsequent preservation of archaeological sites are affected by active landscape transformation caused by river lateral migration, inci-sion/aggradation cycles and changes of river hydrological regime. In the middle Vychegda River val-ley (Northern Russia), there are numerous traces of human presence since the Mesolithic. We exploit multi-disciplinary archaeological, geomorphological and geochronological approach to elucidate the environmental preferences of settlements positioning during different epochs of the Holocene. High resolution space image supplemented with data on alluvial stratigraphy derived from bank exposures and hand cores, as well as 51 radiocarbon dates were used to make the geomorphic map showing ages of floodplain/terrace segments and palaeochannels. Using this map together with sediment facial in-terpretation, position of archaeological sites was analysed in the context of local geomorphic and hy-drologic situation. The majority of archaeological sites and modern settlements are found on terraces at river banks or at oxbow lakes which were well connected to the river. Few exceptions from this rule may be explained by seasonal character of dwelling functioning, ritual burial practice or speciali-zation of settlements. Geomorphic situation was used as a background for planning further prospec-tion of different-age archaeological objects.