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Slag waste of metallurgical production. Environmental and economic justification of their use in industry in Ukraine

Zakharovich-Drachuk Yuri, Stalinskaya Elena, Snitko Elizaveta, Zavgorodnyaya Evgeniya, Jaworska Monika, Savyuk Larisa, Cheylyakh Dmitry

Polityka Energetyczna

2021

T. 24, z. 1

169--182

The relevance of the study is due to the need to identify the problems, features and consequen ces of strategic transformations in the metallurgical industry of Ukraine in the context of reviewing the circular process of organization of the economy, where the blast furnace, open-hearth and rolling production waste are of a high potential. The reuse of metallurgical waste has a number of economic advantages in terms of the chemical composition of the product life cycle. Blast furnace slag is suitable as a raw material in cement production and can be used as fillers in the construc tion of roads, hydraulic and environmental facilities, during reclamation works, etc. Agriculture actively uses slag as a fertilizer that contains potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, magnesium, bo ron – as an additive that reduces soil acidity. Currently, all slag can be processed into fertilizers or building materials. The economic effect of the use of slag in construction is accounted for in the relatively low cost of products, improvement of the quality and durability of the structures. The main positive consequences of smartization of the metallurgical industry are increase of its resource efficiency and environmental friendliness, negative – the low level of blast furnace slag use in various sectors of the economy compared to the experience of developed countries, an insuf ficiently developed legal framework. The mechanism of state management of the use of secondary raw materials, especially metallurgical origin, in conditions of shortage of energy resources and the intensive use of non-renewable natural resources remains an important scientific problem and requires further research.

Powodem realizacji prezentowanych badań jest konieczność zidentyfikowania problemów i ich cech wynikających z przemian strategicznych w przemyśle metalurgicznym Ukrainy w kontekście cyklicznego przeglądu procesu organizacji gospodarki, w którym odpady wielkopiecowe, paleniskowe i walcownicze mają duże znaczenie. Ponowne wykorzystanie odpadów metalurgicznych ma wiele zalet ekonomicznych ze względu na cyklu życia produktu. Żużel wielkopiecowy nadaje się jako surowiec do produkcji cementu i może być stosowany jako wypełniacz przy budowie dróg, obiektów hydrotechnicznych, środowiskowych, podczas prac rekultywacyjnych itp. Rolnictwo wykorzystuje żużel jako nawóz zawierający potas, magnez, fosfor, magnez, bor – jako dodatek zmniejszający kwasowość gleby. Obecnie cały żużel można przerobić na nawozy lub materiały budowlane. Efekt ekonomiczny stosowania żużla w budownictwie przekłada się na relatywnie niski koszt wyrobów, poprawę jakości i trwałości konstrukcji. Głównymi pozytywnymi efektami takiego inteligentnego wykorzystania odpadów z przemysłu metalurgicznego są wzrost efektywności wykorzystania zasobów i poprawa jego oddziaływania na środowisko. Cechy negatywne to niski poziom wykorzystania żużli wielkopiecowych w różnych sektorach gospodarki w porównaniu z doświadczeniami krajów rozwiniętych i niedostatecznie opracowane ramy prawne. Ważnym problemem naukowym i wymagającym dalszych badań pozostaje mechanizm państwowego zarządzania wykorzystaniem surowców wtórnych, zwłaszcza pochodzenia metalurgicznego, w warunkach niedoboru surowców energetycznych i intensywnego wykorzystania nieodnawialnych zasobów naturalnych.

Social innovation management based on the example of care farms

Knapik Wioletta, Szewczyk Janina, Jaworska Monika, Lisek Sławomir

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2020

z. 148

263--278

Purpose: The aim of this work is to present and implement social innovation management. The aim of the research is to present the expectations of rural residents in relation to the offer of new social services and their attitudes towards the proposition of farms providing care services. The activity of such farms is consistent with the concepts of social innovation. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis uses a questionnaire survey conducted in 2019 and completed by 500 farmers from all across Poland. The surveyed population consisted of farming households in Poland, representing each of the six regions (by NUTS classification). The respondents were members of farming households, most frequently the farm owners. Findings: There is little interest in setting up care farms at present, even though rural residents do recognise the needs of older people. One of the barriers to the development of this new idea is the traditional family model, in which older family members are cared for by younger, fit family members. However, if such a farm were to operate, it would be most important for it to offer professional help with health and care issues. Persons who are considering the possibility of developing their farm to include care activities would need support from the local authorities, especially financial assistance. Research limitations/implications: The sampling scheme applied, and the sufficiently large sample size met the criterion of quota representativeness for the structure of farm households in Poland in terms of subregions, as well as in terms of the gender of adult members of the surveyed households. It was not, however, a representative sample of the total adult population of rural areas. Social implications: Management of social innovations such as care farms requires identification in detail of those factors that support their implementation, as well as those that constitute barriers to their implementation. This article presents these findings in regard to entities considering the introduction of care services, as well as the potential beneficiaries of these services. Originality/value: The research is original due to the early stage of research related to the design of care farms in Poland.