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1
Content available Dry single-stage method of sodium tripolyphosphate production – technological and economic assessment
Gorazda K., Kowalski Z., Kijkowska R., Pawłowska-Kozińska D., Wzorek Z., Banach M., Nowak A. K.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2014
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Vol. 16, nr 1
41--44
EN
The study presents a technology of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) production with the use of a dry, single-stage method. The reacting substrates (concentrated wet-process phosphoric acid - WPPA and solid Na2CO3 ) are mixed with a recycled final product (STPP) in a mixer, then a „quasi-dry” mixture is calcined in a rotary kiln. Thanks to that, some stages of a classic method of STPP production are eliminated: one of the two-stage neutralization of the phosphoric acid with sodium carbonate at temperature ~80°C, filtration of the neutralised solution and its evaporation, as well as the stage of drying a solution of mono- and di-sodium orthophosphate in a spray dryer. According to the presented technical and economical analysis, the costs of STPP production using a single-stage dry method can be 10% lower compared to the classic method.
2
Content available remote Otrzymywanie tripolifosforanu sodu (TPFS) z ekstrakcyjnego kwasu fosforowego produkowanego z apatytu Kola oraz z przemysłowego roztworu fosforanów sodu
Kijkowska R., Kowalski Z., Wzorek Z., Pawłowska-Kozińska D.
Przemysł Chemiczny
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2006
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T. 85, nr 8-9
837-839
PL
Przedstawiono warunki tworzenia się wysokotemperaturowej odmiany (Faza–1) tripolifosforanu sodu (Na5P3O10), otrzymanego z ekstrakcyjnego kwasu fosforowego (EKF) produkowanego z koncentratu apatytowego Kola oraz z roztworu przemysłowego (Na/P = 1,67) fosforanów sodu. Obecność jonu siarczanowego w EKF miała istotny wpływ na wysokość temperatury tworzenia się Fazy–1.
EN
Com. crude 80% H3PO4 contg. ca. 2% SO4 was desulfated with CaHPO4.2H2O (Ca/SO4 = 1) to 0.04%. A com. soln. of Na phosphates, Na/P = 1.67, was evapd. and calcined at 350, 400, 450. 500, or 550° C to prep. Na tripolyphosphate. Phases I and II were identified by x-rays. With the crude acid, impurities (esp. SO4) caused the high-temp. phase (Na5P3O10-I) to form at >500° C. With the desulfated acid, phase I appeared at 350° C with no Na5P3O10-II as an intermediate. The no-waste method caused the resulting Na5P3O10 to contain impurities in proportions identical with those in the starting acid, SO4 0.04, Fe 0.3–0.5%.
3
Content available remote Wpływ zanieczyszczeń w kwasie fosforowym na zawartość Na5P3O10 - I (Fazy-I) w trójpolifosforanie sodu
Pawłowska-Kozińska D., Kijkowska R., Kowalski Z., Wzorek Z.
Przemysł Chemiczny
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2003
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T. 82, nr 8-9
864-866
4
Content available remote Zastosowanie fosforanów nieorganicznych w przemyśle spożywczym
Madejska L., Pawłowska-Kozińska D., Bilski R.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia
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2003
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R. 100, z. 2-Ch
31-39
EN
Inorganic phosphates as food additives are presented in this work. Their properties, possibilities of usage and technological action in different foods products (meat, seafood, cheese, beverages, bread and cakes, etc.) are reviewed.
5
Content available remote Sodium tripolyphosphate and others condensed sodium phosphates production methods
Kowalski Z., Kijkowska R., Pawłowska-Kozińska D., Wzorek Z.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2002
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Vol. 4, nr 3
27-33
EN
The paper presents production methods and functions of sodium tripolyphosphate STPP and other phosphates, which can remain a significant activity for chemical industry for the foreseeable future. Raw materials, among them wet-process phosphoric acid (WAPP), for condensed sodium phosphates manufacturing and the STPP production in Poland are discussed. Some effects of ionic impurities, present in WAPP, on the quality of the STPP are considered. Our implemented method allowed replacing part of the expensive thermal phosphoric acid used for STPP production with pre-treated concentrated WAPP. 10,000 tons of pre-treated 75% H3PO4 acid, with sulphate concentration lower than 0.1% of SO4 was produced in 1998. It was used mostly for STPP manufacturing; the waste obtained in the pre-treatment process could be utilised in the feed phosphate production. The use of pre-treated concentrated WAPP results in a decrease of STPP production costs at about 20% (in comparison to the use of thermal phosphoric acid).
6
Content available remote Badania nad odzyskiem związków fosforu ze ścieków pochodzących z Zakładów Chemicznych "Alwernia"
Kijkowska R., Pawłowska-Kozińska D., Jodko M., Wzorek Z., Gorazda K.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia
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2002
|
R. 99, z. 3-Ch
21--32
EN
This paper presents the method for treatment of industrial wastewater detained during STPP and phosphoric acid production in "Alwernia" Chemical Works. The potential recovery of phosphorus and its use as a substitute of natural raw materials in feed phosphate production is presented too.
7
Content available remote Badania nad możliwością zastosowania odpadów z oczyszczania kwasu fosforowego do produkcji nawozów
Pawłowska-Kozińska D.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia
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2002
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R. 99, z. 3-Ch
45--54
EN
The wastes obtained by pre-purification from SO4 and/or by purification of phosphoric acid using 4-methyl-2-pentanone, (MIBK), for liquid-liquid extraction were transformed into mineral fertilizers of the superphosphate type. The fertilizers were prepared by mixing the wastes with calcium oxide of technical grade and drying the compositions obtained. The final products were identified by X-ray diffraction method and by chemical analysis.
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