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Influence of temperature and microstructure of the workpiece material on energy quanta in cutting process

Kisin M., Noc Razinger M., Pusavec F., Kopac J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2008

Vol. 30, nr 1

75-78

Purpose: of this paper is on-line identification of the machinability based on the theory of energy quanta power spectra of the measured signal of the cutting force. Identification method is supported by measurements of the instantaneous temperature in the cutting zone for workpieces with the same chemical composition but different microstructure and mechanical properties. Design/methodology/approach: For measuring the temperature in the cutting zone the direct IFT (Instantly Formed Thermo element) method was used. Findings: Low carbon steel with a previously cold-deformed microstructure has a better machinability in lower cutting force, smaller energy quanta and lower temperature in the cutting zone as low carbon steel with the normalized microstructure. Research limitations/implications: The theory of energy quanta as a basis for on-line identification of cutting parameters for optimization and adaptive control of the cutting process in the industry praxis is not yet in use. But it was developed in laboratory research up to the stage when testing in the industry is already possible, where are because of high productivity the demands on work load of machines and the quality of final products much higher. Originality/value: The method on-line identification on the theory of energy quanta used for that has to be accomplished in real time and has to have the required reliability. The choice of the measured parameter has to be suitable and relevant.

Introduction of new ecologically safe material for fusible elements of low voltage fuses

Kosec B., Soković M., Kosec L., Bizjak M., Pusavec F., Kampus Z.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2007

Vol. 28, nr 4

211-216

Purpose: In European Union countries the legalisation forbids the production, processing and use of cadmium. By January 2008 at the latest, all articles and products containing cadmium will either have to be withdrawn from sale or an appropriate substitute for this heavy metal will have to be found. Design/methodology/approach: The present technology of production of fuses in Slovenian firm ETI Elektroelement, and the action thereof are adapted to the existing ecologically harmful alloy of tin and cadmium SnCd20, which ought to be replaced by one or more ecologically safe alloys with technological and application properties as similar as possible to the existing ones. Findings: In the frame of the presented investigation work we have found that practically all stated problems can be successfully solved by the low melting alloy of tin, bismuth and antimony named ETI-Sn-Bi-Sb. Research limitations/implications: Alloy ETI-Sn-Bi-Sb is ecologically safe, and by its technical and physical properties (melting point, conductivity, wettability) corresponds to the requirements of the use for fusible elements of low voltage fuses. Practical implications: Practical implications of our common work is in the introduction of new ecologically safe material for fusible elements, without cadmium in the existing technology of low voltage fuses. Originality/value: High value and originality and of our engineering work is confirmed by European Union patent and two Slovenian national patents for the ecologically safe low melting alloy named ETI-Sn-Bi-Sb, which received authors of this paper and Slovenian firm ETI Elektroelement.