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Geośrodowiskowa ocena przydatności terenu do celów budowlanych

Oleniacz Grzegorz, Kokoszka Wanda, Ożóg Dominik, Sikora Anna, Słowik Marta, Przesmycka Natalia, Gosk Wojciech

Materiały Budowlane

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2023

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nr 12

47--50

PL

W środowisku geologicznym podłoża budowlanego i otaczającego go terenu mogą występować: ruchy osuwiskowe; osiadanie zapadowe w utworach lessowych; deformacje powierzchni związane z eksploatacją surowców; erozja powierzchniowa i deformacje filtracyjne; zjawiska krasowe; zmienność parametrów geotechnicznych związana z dociążeniem lub odciążeniem podłoża, ze zmianami wilgotności; temperatury oraz obecnością zanieczyszczeń; reakcja gruntów ekspansywnych (skurcz i pęcznienie); zmiany położenia zwierciadła wód podziemnych; powodzie oraz podtopienia. Duże znaczenie w planowaniu przestrzennym miast i gmin mają mapy obszarów predysponowanych do występowania tego rodzaju zjawisk i opracowana na ich podstawie ocena przydatności terenu pod zabudowę. W artykule przedstawiono mapowanie przydatności inwestycyjnej terenu na bazie metody Van Westena. Opisano sposób pozyskiwania danych wejściowych z wykorzystaniem aktualnych baz systemowych (SOPO, ISOK), map geologicznych i hydrogeologicznych oraz lokalnej wiedzy eksperckiej. Opracowano finalną mapę przydatności dotyczącą Rzeszowa.

EN

Among the changes that may occur in the geological environment of the built environment and the surrounding area are: landslide movements, subsidence in loess formations, deformation of the surface associated with the exploitation of raw materials, surface erosion and filtration deformation, karst phenomena, variability of geotechnical parameters associated with the loading or unloading of the subsoil, with changes in humidity, temperature, the presence of contaminants, the reaction of expansive soils (shrinkage and swelling), changes in the location of the groundwater table and its chemistry, floods and flooding. Of great importance in the spatial planning of cities and municipalities are maps of areas predisposed to the occurrence of such phenomena and the assessment of the suitability of land for development developed on their basis. The article presents a methodology for mapping the investment suitability of land based on the Van Westen method. The method of obtaining input data based on current system databases (SOPO, ISOK), geological, hydrogeological maps, local expertise is described. The final suitability map for the selected area of Rzeszow - was developed.

2

The use of cohesive soils improved with lime as an example of circular economy in earthworks

Gosk Wojciech

Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych

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2022

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Nr 3

10--20

EN

A common practice in civil engineering during earthworks is the usual replacement of cohesive soils (fine soils), excavated during earthworks, with non-cohesive soils (coarse soils). Until recently, such a procedure was dictated primarily by economic and technical reasons. From an economic point of view, the ease of access and therefore low cost of using such soils instead of cohesive soils was crucial. The technical reason is, above all, the ease of compacting fine soils (as opposed to cohesive soils) and well-developed and well-known engineering methods for controlling their compaction. The situation changed radically when the new environmental regulations came into force and enforcement by the inspection authorities began. Currently, soil removed from a construction site according to regulations should be classified as waste. This fact has completely changed the approach of participants in the construction process to the use of local soils, especially cohesive soils (e.g. clays). Their use "on site" has stopped being an expensive option and has become a necessity. This paper presents aspects of the use of lime-improved cohesive soils that can be successfully used on site as excavation backfill. Problems related to the proper preparation of soil-lime composites are described, as well as the results of compaction tests. The paper presents the author's own methodology for selecting the content of quicklime in the soil-lime composite.

3

Sustainable soil stabilization: the use of waste materials to improve the engineering properties of soft soils

Chmielewska Iwona, Gosk Wojciech

Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych

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2022

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Nr 3

34--41

EN

One of the biggest challenges of recent civil engineering is the need to make it sustainable by implementing environmentally friendly and cost-effective solutions. The search for new materials and technologies is an important and current issue also in the strengthening of soft soils. In the soft soil stabilization process, conventional materials (cement and lime) are being replaced by waste materials, such as stone slurry waste, spent coffee grounds, rice husk ash, crushed waste concrete and glass, natural fibers, sawdust, waste tire rubber and plastic waste materials. Appropriate waste admixture content contributes to soil reinforcement by reducing compressibility and increasing maximum density and shear strength. The application of waste as an admixture is an economically and ecologically beneficial method of soil improvement. It eliminates the cost of materials and helps to reduce the problem of waste disposal, which is sometimes very expensive and problematic. The study aims to analyze the effect of waste materials on improving the physical and mechanical properties of soils based on the research results presented in the literature.